Test bank for MCQs in Pediatrics Review of Nelson
k k k k k k k k
kTextbook of Pediatrics 20 Edition
k k k k k
, Nelson Pediatrics Review(MCQs) 19 Edition
k k k k
1. Which k of k the k following k statements k regarding k foster k care k is k true?
□A permanency plan must be made for a child in foster care no later than 12 mo from the child's entry into care
k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k
□A minority of children in foster care have a history of abuse or neglect
k k k k k k k k k k k k k
□The mission of foster care is to safely care for children while providing services to families to promote reunification
k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k
□Most (>70%) of children in foster care are reunited with their families
k k k k k k k k k k k
■ A kand kC
description kThe kmission kof kfoster kcare kis kto kprovide kfor kthe khealth, ksafety, kand kwell-being kof kchildren kwhile kassisting
ktheir kfamilies kwith kservices kto kpromote kreunification. kChildren kentering kfoster kcare khave kfrequently kexperienced kearly
kchildhood ktrauma. kMore kthan k70% khave ka khistory kof kabuse, kneglect, kor kboth. kOnly kabout k50% kof kchildren kachieve
kreunification. kIn kthe kUSA, kthe kAdoption kand kSafe kFamilies kAct k(P.L. k105-89) kpassed kin k1997 krequires kthat ka
kpermanency kplan kbe kmade kfor keach kchild kno klater kthan k12 kmo kafter kentry kto kfoster kcare kand kthat ka kpetition kto kterminate
kparental krights ktypically kmust kbe kfiled kwhen ka kchild khas kbeen kin kfoster kcare kfor kat kleast k15 kof kthe kprevious k22 kmo.
k(See kChapter k35, kpage k134, kand ke35-1.)
2. A k4 kyr kold kgirl kis kadmitted kto kthe khospital kfor kher kthird kevaluation kfor kvaginal kbleeding. kThe
mother knoted kbright kred kblood kon kthe kchild's kunderwear. kPrevious kexaminations krevealed
ka knormal k4 kyr kold kgirl, kTanner kstage k1, kwith knormal kexternal kgenitalia. kPelvic kultrasound
kresults kwere knormal, kas kwas kthe kserum kestradiol klevel. kThe khemoglobin kand kplatelet
kcounts kwere knormal, kas kwere kthe kbleeding ktime kand kcoagulation kstudies. kFindings kon
kpelvic kexamination kconducted kunder kanesthesia kalso kwere knormal. kThe knext kstep kin kthe
kexamination kis kto:
■ Determine kthe kblood ktype kof kthe kblood kon kthe kunderwear
□Interrogate k the k father
□Isolate the parents and child
k k k k
□Determine k von k Willebrand k factor k levels
, □Measure k fibronectin k in kthe kvagina
description kConsideration kof kfactitious kdisorder kby kproxy kshould kbe ktriggered kwhen kthe kreported ksymptoms kare
krepeatedly knoted kby konly kone kparent, kappropriate ktesting kfails kto kconfirm ka kdiagnosis, kand kseemingly kappropriate
ktreatment kis kineffective. k At ktimes, kthe kchild's ksymptoms, ktheir kcourse, kor kthe kresponse kto ktreatment kmay kbe kincompatible
kwith kany krecognized kdisease. k Preverbal kchildren kare kusually kinvolved. kBleeding kis ka kparticularly kcommon kpresentation.
kThis kmay kbe kcaused kby kadding kdyes k to ksamples, kadding kblood k(e.g., kfrom kthe kmother) kto kthe kchild's ksample, kor kgiving
kthe kchild kan kanticoagulant k(e.g., kwarfarin). k(See kChapter k37, kpage k146.)
3. Munchausen k syndrome k by k proxy k is k characterized k by k all k of k the k following k EXCEPT:
□Mother k who kappears k devoted k and k wins k over k members k of k care kteam
□Multiple k hospitalizations k and k investigations k without k diagnosis
□Symptoms on history but not witnessed by medical team
k k k k k k k k
■ Symptoms koccurring kin kpresence kof kdifferent kcaregivers k(e.g., kwhile kmother kis kout kof ktown)
□Use of medications or toxins
k k k k
description kSymptoms kin kyoung kchildren kare kmostly kassociated kwith kproximity kof kthe koffending kcaregiver kto kthe kchild.
kThe kmother kmay kpresent kas ka kdevoted kor keven kmodel kparent kwho kforms kclose krelationships kwith kmembers kof kthe
khealth kcare kteam. kWhile kappearing kvery kinterested kin kher kchild's kcondition, kshe kmay kbe krelatively kdistant kemotionally.
k(See kChapter k37, kpage k146.)
4. Which k statement k is k false?
■ Malnutrition kis kthe ksecond kleading kcause kof kacquired kimmune kdeficiency kworldwide kbehind kHIV kinfection
□Zinc isk k important kin k immune kfunction k and k linear k growth
□Kwashiorkor and marasmus are rare in developed countries
k k k k k k k
□The Western diet is associated with increased noncommunicable disease
k k k k k k k k
description kThe ksignificant kglobal kburden kof kmalnutrition kand kundernutrition kis kthe kleading kworldwide kcause kof kacquired
kimmunodeficiency kand kthe kmajor kunderlying kfactor kfor kmorbidity kand kmortality kglobally kfor kchildren k<5 kyr kof kage. kZinc
kis ka kmicronutrient kthat ksupports kmultiple kmetabolic kfunctions kin kthe kbody, kis kessential kfor knormal kimmune kfunctioning,
kand kis krequired kto ksupport klinear kgrowth; kzinc kdeficiency kis kassociated kwith kimpaired kimmune kfunctioning kand kpoor
klinear kgrowth. kIn kparallel kto kthe krisk kfor knutrient kand kenergy kdeficiencies, kissues krelating kto kexcesses kpose kimportant
kchallenges kbecause kof ktheir knegative khealth keffects, ksuch kas kobesity kor kcardiovascular kdisease krisk kfactors. kThe
knutrition ktransition kunder kway kin kthe
, developing kworld kfrom ktraditional kdiets kto kthe kWestern kdiet khas kbeen kassociated kwith kincreases kin knoncommunicable
kdiseases, koften kcoexisting kwith kundernutrition kand kmalnutrition, kobserved ksometimes kin kthe ksame kcommunities kor keven
kthe ksame kfamilies. k(See ke41-1.)
5. Components k of k energy k expenditure k in k children k include:
□Thermal effect of foodk k k
□Basal k metabolic k rate
□Energy for physical activity
k k k
□Energy k to k support k growth
■ All kof kthe kabove
description kThe k3 kcomponents kof kenergy kexpenditure kin kadults kare kthe kbasal kmetabolic krate, kthe kthermal keffect kof
kfood k(energy krequired kfor kdigestion kand kabsorption), kand kenergy kfor kphysical kactivity. kAdditional kenergy kintake kand
kexpenditure kare krequired kto ksupport kgrowth kand kdevelopment kfor kchildren. k(See ke41-4.)
6. Which kof kthe kfollowing kclinical kscenarios kincreases kthe krisk kof kvitamin kA kdeficiency?
□Vegetarian diet k
□Chronic k intestinal k disorders
□Zinc k deficiency
■ B kand kC
□All of the above
k k k
description kVitamin kA kis kan kessential kmicronutrient kbecause kit kcannot kbe kbiogenerated kde knovo kby kanimals. kIt
kmust kbe kobtained kfrom kplants kin kthe kform kof kprovitamin-A kcarotenoids. kIn kthe kUSA, kgrains kand kvegetables ksupply
kapproximately k55% kand kdairy kand kmeat kproducts ksupply kapproximately k30% kof kvitamin kA kintake kfrom kfood.
kVitamin kA kand kthe kprovitamins-A kare kfat ksoluble, kand ktheir kabsorption kdepends kon kthe kpresence kof kadequate klipid kand
kprotein kwithin kthe kmeal. k Chronic kintestinal kdisorders kor klipid kmalabsorption ksyndromes kcan kresult kin kvitamin kA
kdeficiency. kIn kdeveloping kcountries, ksubclinical kor kclinical kzinc kdeficiency kcan kincrease kthe krisk kof kvitamin kA
kdeficiency. kThere kis kalso ksome kevidence kof kmarginal kzinc kintakes kin kchildren kin kthe kUSA. k(See kChapter k45, kpage
k188.)
7. Which k statement k about k vitamin k A k toxicity k is k NOT k true?
k k k k k k k k
kTextbook of Pediatrics 20 Edition
k k k k k
, Nelson Pediatrics Review(MCQs) 19 Edition
k k k k
1. Which k of k the k following k statements k regarding k foster k care k is k true?
□A permanency plan must be made for a child in foster care no later than 12 mo from the child's entry into care
k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k
□A minority of children in foster care have a history of abuse or neglect
k k k k k k k k k k k k k
□The mission of foster care is to safely care for children while providing services to families to promote reunification
k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k
□Most (>70%) of children in foster care are reunited with their families
k k k k k k k k k k k
■ A kand kC
description kThe kmission kof kfoster kcare kis kto kprovide kfor kthe khealth, ksafety, kand kwell-being kof kchildren kwhile kassisting
ktheir kfamilies kwith kservices kto kpromote kreunification. kChildren kentering kfoster kcare khave kfrequently kexperienced kearly
kchildhood ktrauma. kMore kthan k70% khave ka khistory kof kabuse, kneglect, kor kboth. kOnly kabout k50% kof kchildren kachieve
kreunification. kIn kthe kUSA, kthe kAdoption kand kSafe kFamilies kAct k(P.L. k105-89) kpassed kin k1997 krequires kthat ka
kpermanency kplan kbe kmade kfor keach kchild kno klater kthan k12 kmo kafter kentry kto kfoster kcare kand kthat ka kpetition kto kterminate
kparental krights ktypically kmust kbe kfiled kwhen ka kchild khas kbeen kin kfoster kcare kfor kat kleast k15 kof kthe kprevious k22 kmo.
k(See kChapter k35, kpage k134, kand ke35-1.)
2. A k4 kyr kold kgirl kis kadmitted kto kthe khospital kfor kher kthird kevaluation kfor kvaginal kbleeding. kThe
mother knoted kbright kred kblood kon kthe kchild's kunderwear. kPrevious kexaminations krevealed
ka knormal k4 kyr kold kgirl, kTanner kstage k1, kwith knormal kexternal kgenitalia. kPelvic kultrasound
kresults kwere knormal, kas kwas kthe kserum kestradiol klevel. kThe khemoglobin kand kplatelet
kcounts kwere knormal, kas kwere kthe kbleeding ktime kand kcoagulation kstudies. kFindings kon
kpelvic kexamination kconducted kunder kanesthesia kalso kwere knormal. kThe knext kstep kin kthe
kexamination kis kto:
■ Determine kthe kblood ktype kof kthe kblood kon kthe kunderwear
□Interrogate k the k father
□Isolate the parents and child
k k k k
□Determine k von k Willebrand k factor k levels
, □Measure k fibronectin k in kthe kvagina
description kConsideration kof kfactitious kdisorder kby kproxy kshould kbe ktriggered kwhen kthe kreported ksymptoms kare
krepeatedly knoted kby konly kone kparent, kappropriate ktesting kfails kto kconfirm ka kdiagnosis, kand kseemingly kappropriate
ktreatment kis kineffective. k At ktimes, kthe kchild's ksymptoms, ktheir kcourse, kor kthe kresponse kto ktreatment kmay kbe kincompatible
kwith kany krecognized kdisease. k Preverbal kchildren kare kusually kinvolved. kBleeding kis ka kparticularly kcommon kpresentation.
kThis kmay kbe kcaused kby kadding kdyes k to ksamples, kadding kblood k(e.g., kfrom kthe kmother) kto kthe kchild's ksample, kor kgiving
kthe kchild kan kanticoagulant k(e.g., kwarfarin). k(See kChapter k37, kpage k146.)
3. Munchausen k syndrome k by k proxy k is k characterized k by k all k of k the k following k EXCEPT:
□Mother k who kappears k devoted k and k wins k over k members k of k care kteam
□Multiple k hospitalizations k and k investigations k without k diagnosis
□Symptoms on history but not witnessed by medical team
k k k k k k k k
■ Symptoms koccurring kin kpresence kof kdifferent kcaregivers k(e.g., kwhile kmother kis kout kof ktown)
□Use of medications or toxins
k k k k
description kSymptoms kin kyoung kchildren kare kmostly kassociated kwith kproximity kof kthe koffending kcaregiver kto kthe kchild.
kThe kmother kmay kpresent kas ka kdevoted kor keven kmodel kparent kwho kforms kclose krelationships kwith kmembers kof kthe
khealth kcare kteam. kWhile kappearing kvery kinterested kin kher kchild's kcondition, kshe kmay kbe krelatively kdistant kemotionally.
k(See kChapter k37, kpage k146.)
4. Which k statement k is k false?
■ Malnutrition kis kthe ksecond kleading kcause kof kacquired kimmune kdeficiency kworldwide kbehind kHIV kinfection
□Zinc isk k important kin k immune kfunction k and k linear k growth
□Kwashiorkor and marasmus are rare in developed countries
k k k k k k k
□The Western diet is associated with increased noncommunicable disease
k k k k k k k k
description kThe ksignificant kglobal kburden kof kmalnutrition kand kundernutrition kis kthe kleading kworldwide kcause kof kacquired
kimmunodeficiency kand kthe kmajor kunderlying kfactor kfor kmorbidity kand kmortality kglobally kfor kchildren k<5 kyr kof kage. kZinc
kis ka kmicronutrient kthat ksupports kmultiple kmetabolic kfunctions kin kthe kbody, kis kessential kfor knormal kimmune kfunctioning,
kand kis krequired kto ksupport klinear kgrowth; kzinc kdeficiency kis kassociated kwith kimpaired kimmune kfunctioning kand kpoor
klinear kgrowth. kIn kparallel kto kthe krisk kfor knutrient kand kenergy kdeficiencies, kissues krelating kto kexcesses kpose kimportant
kchallenges kbecause kof ktheir knegative khealth keffects, ksuch kas kobesity kor kcardiovascular kdisease krisk kfactors. kThe
knutrition ktransition kunder kway kin kthe
, developing kworld kfrom ktraditional kdiets kto kthe kWestern kdiet khas kbeen kassociated kwith kincreases kin knoncommunicable
kdiseases, koften kcoexisting kwith kundernutrition kand kmalnutrition, kobserved ksometimes kin kthe ksame kcommunities kor keven
kthe ksame kfamilies. k(See ke41-1.)
5. Components k of k energy k expenditure k in k children k include:
□Thermal effect of foodk k k
□Basal k metabolic k rate
□Energy for physical activity
k k k
□Energy k to k support k growth
■ All kof kthe kabove
description kThe k3 kcomponents kof kenergy kexpenditure kin kadults kare kthe kbasal kmetabolic krate, kthe kthermal keffect kof
kfood k(energy krequired kfor kdigestion kand kabsorption), kand kenergy kfor kphysical kactivity. kAdditional kenergy kintake kand
kexpenditure kare krequired kto ksupport kgrowth kand kdevelopment kfor kchildren. k(See ke41-4.)
6. Which kof kthe kfollowing kclinical kscenarios kincreases kthe krisk kof kvitamin kA kdeficiency?
□Vegetarian diet k
□Chronic k intestinal k disorders
□Zinc k deficiency
■ B kand kC
□All of the above
k k k
description kVitamin kA kis kan kessential kmicronutrient kbecause kit kcannot kbe kbiogenerated kde knovo kby kanimals. kIt
kmust kbe kobtained kfrom kplants kin kthe kform kof kprovitamin-A kcarotenoids. kIn kthe kUSA, kgrains kand kvegetables ksupply
kapproximately k55% kand kdairy kand kmeat kproducts ksupply kapproximately k30% kof kvitamin kA kintake kfrom kfood.
kVitamin kA kand kthe kprovitamins-A kare kfat ksoluble, kand ktheir kabsorption kdepends kon kthe kpresence kof kadequate klipid kand
kprotein kwithin kthe kmeal. k Chronic kintestinal kdisorders kor klipid kmalabsorption ksyndromes kcan kresult kin kvitamin kA
kdeficiency. kIn kdeveloping kcountries, ksubclinical kor kclinical kzinc kdeficiency kcan kincrease kthe krisk kof kvitamin kA
kdeficiency. kThere kis kalso ksome kevidence kof kmarginal kzinc kintakes kin kchildren kin kthe kUSA. k(See kChapter k45, kpage
k188.)
7. Which k statement k about k vitamin k A k toxicity k is k NOT k true?
