CITI TRAINING REVIEW: HUMAN
SUBJECTS RESEARCH EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Example of how the principle of beneficence is applied to a study involving human
subjects - ....ANSWER ...-Ensuring that the risks are reasonable in relationship to
anticipated benefits
Harvard "Tastes, Ties, and Time (T3)" (2006-2009) Study involves this primary ethical
violation - ....ANSWER ...-The researcher's failure to protect research subjects
from deductive disclosure (primary ethical violation)
"The Public Health Service Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male"
Study - ....ANSWER ...-The study most directly linked to the establishment of the
"National Research Act" (1974) and ultimately the "Belmont Report and Federal
Regulations for Human Subject Protection"
The Belmont principle of Beneficence - ....ANSWER ...-Requires that: potential
benefits justify the risks of harm
The Belmont principle of Justice - ....ANSWER ...-Moral Requirement that: there
be fair outcomes in the selection of research subjects
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Identifiable Private Information (according to Federal regulations) -
....ANSWER ...-Data obtained by an investigator about human subjects/living
human beings through interaction/intervention with an individual
Example of a study that meets the definition of research with human subjects (according
to Federal regulations) - ....ANSWER ...-1 - A developmental psychologist
videotapes interactions between groups of toddlers and their care givers to determine
which intervention methods most effectively manage aggression.
2 - A study of twenty 4th grade classrooms in which researchers ask the school to
systematically vary the time of day reading is taught, and collect weekly assessments of
reading comprehension for each child over a three-month period.
3 - An experiment is proposed on the relationship between gender-related stereotypes in
math and the subsequent performance by males and females on math tests.
4 - A cognitive psychologist enrolls undergraduate students for a computer-based study
about the effect of mood on problem solving behaviors.
Example of Public Information - ....ANSWER ...-Census data (final report as
published by the Census Bureau)
Example of Private Information - ....ANSWER ...-A medical record
Example of a study the IRB will not review because it is not research (as defined by the
Federal regulations) - ....ANSWER ...-A professor at Big State University is writing
a biography about Bill Gates and conducting oral histories with all of Bill Gates' friends,
family members, and business acquaintances. The researcher submits the research
proposal to the institution's IRB
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
SUBJECTS RESEARCH EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Example of how the principle of beneficence is applied to a study involving human
subjects - ....ANSWER ...-Ensuring that the risks are reasonable in relationship to
anticipated benefits
Harvard "Tastes, Ties, and Time (T3)" (2006-2009) Study involves this primary ethical
violation - ....ANSWER ...-The researcher's failure to protect research subjects
from deductive disclosure (primary ethical violation)
"The Public Health Service Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male"
Study - ....ANSWER ...-The study most directly linked to the establishment of the
"National Research Act" (1974) and ultimately the "Belmont Report and Federal
Regulations for Human Subject Protection"
The Belmont principle of Beneficence - ....ANSWER ...-Requires that: potential
benefits justify the risks of harm
The Belmont principle of Justice - ....ANSWER ...-Moral Requirement that: there
be fair outcomes in the selection of research subjects
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Identifiable Private Information (according to Federal regulations) -
....ANSWER ...-Data obtained by an investigator about human subjects/living
human beings through interaction/intervention with an individual
Example of a study that meets the definition of research with human subjects (according
to Federal regulations) - ....ANSWER ...-1 - A developmental psychologist
videotapes interactions between groups of toddlers and their care givers to determine
which intervention methods most effectively manage aggression.
2 - A study of twenty 4th grade classrooms in which researchers ask the school to
systematically vary the time of day reading is taught, and collect weekly assessments of
reading comprehension for each child over a three-month period.
3 - An experiment is proposed on the relationship between gender-related stereotypes in
math and the subsequent performance by males and females on math tests.
4 - A cognitive psychologist enrolls undergraduate students for a computer-based study
about the effect of mood on problem solving behaviors.
Example of Public Information - ....ANSWER ...-Census data (final report as
published by the Census Bureau)
Example of Private Information - ....ANSWER ...-A medical record
Example of a study the IRB will not review because it is not research (as defined by the
Federal regulations) - ....ANSWER ...-A professor at Big State University is writing
a biography about Bill Gates and conducting oral histories with all of Bill Gates' friends,
family members, and business acquaintances. The researcher submits the research
proposal to the institution's IRB
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
