1. Describe a phospholipid - ANSWER - 1 phosphorus with a polar "head" and 2 non-polar fatty acid
"tails
2. composed mainly of carbon and hydrogen
3. head attracted to water; tail repelled by water
4. found in the membranes of cells
5.
6. What is wrong with the following statement: "Basic science has no real practical use, and therefore
should not be funded with public money." - ANSWER Without basic science, it is unlikely that
applied science would exist. Scientific discoveries in basic science usually precede their applications.
A lot of very important scientific discoveries would not have been made if we were only focused on
solving problems or creating new things for profit
7. How do people often use the word "theory" incorrectly? - ANSWER people will theorize that
something will happen, but they should be saying, "I hypothesize." Theories have strong evidence to
back them up and are not just guesses at what we think might happen.
8. How many covalent bonds are formed by each of the following: nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen - ANSWER - nitrogen = 3 covalent bonds
9. carbon = 4 covalent bonds
10. hydrogen = 1 covalent bond
11. oxygen = 2 covalent bonds
12.
13. k What are the 3 main components of an atom? Which has a positive charge, which has a negative
charge, and which has a neutral charge? Which 2 make up the nucleus? Which one defines the
atomic number of an atom? - ANSWER - 3 main components: protons, neutrons, electrons
14. protons = positive
15. neutrons = neutral
16. electrons = negative
17. nucleus = protons and neutrons
18. atomic number = number of protons
19.
20. Why don't noble gases form other bonds with other atoms? What are some examples of a noble
gas? - ANSWER - they don't need electrons to fill their valence shell
21. helium, argon, and neon
22.
23. Are the bonds in methane polar covalent or non-polar covalent? What about water? - ANSWER -
methane = non-polar covalent
24. water = polar covalent
,25. Define what it is to be a living organism based on classic dictionary definitions. Include a list of the
criteria used to distinguish living and non-living organisms. - ANSWER living organisms do
metabolism, growth, response to the environment or stimulation, and reproduction
26. What 2 important criteria, used by scientists to define life, have been left out of many dictionaries? -
ANSWER - composed of cells (cellular)
27. pass on genes to offspring (heredity)
28. Why might we consider a virus to be technically non-living? - ANSWER it is not composed of cells -
the modern cell theory states that all living organisms are composed of cells
29. Suppose you were placed in a hot environment, such as the desert during the summer. What are
some ways in which your body tries to cool you off? - ANSWER your body sweats creating an
"evaporative cooling" effect and your brain triggers a thirst response to encourage you to drink
water.
30. What is the order of the hierarchy of life? - ANSWER atom - molecule - organelle - cell - tissue -
organ - organism - population
31. What is the smallest unit of life? - ANSWER the cell
32. What are organs composed of? - ANSWER tissues
33. What are cells composed of? - ANSWER organelles
34. What are abiotic factors? Which 2 levels of organization contain these factors? - ANSWER - abiotic
factors: the non-living components of an ecosystem including air, water, and soil
35. ecosystems and the biosphere
36. Which levels of organization do physiologists study? - ANSWER cells, tissues, organs and organ
systems
, 37. Which level of organization do ecologists study? - ANSWER organisms, populations, communities,
ecosystems, and the biosphere
38. What type of scientist analyzes biological evidence left at a crime scene for use as evidence in court?
- ANSWER a forensic scientist
39. What type of reasoning, inductive or deductive, is used to form a hypothesis? - ANSWER inductive
reasoning
40. What type of reasoning, inductive or deductive, is used to make a prediction and perform a test? -
ANSWER deductive reasoning
41. T/F: It is possible to prove a hypothesis. - ANSWER false, you cannot prove anything
42. What are 4 things that define a hypothesis? - ANSWER 1. the simplest explanation is preferred over
a complex explanation
43. 2. must be testable and falsifiable
44. 3. cannot rely on faith or test ethics
45. 4. cannot be based on metaphysical or supernatural factors/forces
46. T/F: It is possible to support or reject a hypothesis. - ANSWER true, these are the words you would
use when referring to a hypothesis since you cannot prove something.
47. Can you consider a hypothesis "true," "fact," or "correct"? - ANSWER no, you can only find support
for a hypothesis.
48. What is a "control" subject? - ANSWER a subject that is treated as closely as possible to an
experimental subject, except that he or she does not receive any treatment.
49. What are the advantages of using a double blind experiment? - ANSWER Since both the researcher
and subjects do not receive the treatment, it minimizes the effects of human bias on the result.
"tails
2. composed mainly of carbon and hydrogen
3. head attracted to water; tail repelled by water
4. found in the membranes of cells
5.
6. What is wrong with the following statement: "Basic science has no real practical use, and therefore
should not be funded with public money." - ANSWER Without basic science, it is unlikely that
applied science would exist. Scientific discoveries in basic science usually precede their applications.
A lot of very important scientific discoveries would not have been made if we were only focused on
solving problems or creating new things for profit
7. How do people often use the word "theory" incorrectly? - ANSWER people will theorize that
something will happen, but they should be saying, "I hypothesize." Theories have strong evidence to
back them up and are not just guesses at what we think might happen.
8. How many covalent bonds are formed by each of the following: nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen - ANSWER - nitrogen = 3 covalent bonds
9. carbon = 4 covalent bonds
10. hydrogen = 1 covalent bond
11. oxygen = 2 covalent bonds
12.
13. k What are the 3 main components of an atom? Which has a positive charge, which has a negative
charge, and which has a neutral charge? Which 2 make up the nucleus? Which one defines the
atomic number of an atom? - ANSWER - 3 main components: protons, neutrons, electrons
14. protons = positive
15. neutrons = neutral
16. electrons = negative
17. nucleus = protons and neutrons
18. atomic number = number of protons
19.
20. Why don't noble gases form other bonds with other atoms? What are some examples of a noble
gas? - ANSWER - they don't need electrons to fill their valence shell
21. helium, argon, and neon
22.
23. Are the bonds in methane polar covalent or non-polar covalent? What about water? - ANSWER -
methane = non-polar covalent
24. water = polar covalent
,25. Define what it is to be a living organism based on classic dictionary definitions. Include a list of the
criteria used to distinguish living and non-living organisms. - ANSWER living organisms do
metabolism, growth, response to the environment or stimulation, and reproduction
26. What 2 important criteria, used by scientists to define life, have been left out of many dictionaries? -
ANSWER - composed of cells (cellular)
27. pass on genes to offspring (heredity)
28. Why might we consider a virus to be technically non-living? - ANSWER it is not composed of cells -
the modern cell theory states that all living organisms are composed of cells
29. Suppose you were placed in a hot environment, such as the desert during the summer. What are
some ways in which your body tries to cool you off? - ANSWER your body sweats creating an
"evaporative cooling" effect and your brain triggers a thirst response to encourage you to drink
water.
30. What is the order of the hierarchy of life? - ANSWER atom - molecule - organelle - cell - tissue -
organ - organism - population
31. What is the smallest unit of life? - ANSWER the cell
32. What are organs composed of? - ANSWER tissues
33. What are cells composed of? - ANSWER organelles
34. What are abiotic factors? Which 2 levels of organization contain these factors? - ANSWER - abiotic
factors: the non-living components of an ecosystem including air, water, and soil
35. ecosystems and the biosphere
36. Which levels of organization do physiologists study? - ANSWER cells, tissues, organs and organ
systems
, 37. Which level of organization do ecologists study? - ANSWER organisms, populations, communities,
ecosystems, and the biosphere
38. What type of scientist analyzes biological evidence left at a crime scene for use as evidence in court?
- ANSWER a forensic scientist
39. What type of reasoning, inductive or deductive, is used to form a hypothesis? - ANSWER inductive
reasoning
40. What type of reasoning, inductive or deductive, is used to make a prediction and perform a test? -
ANSWER deductive reasoning
41. T/F: It is possible to prove a hypothesis. - ANSWER false, you cannot prove anything
42. What are 4 things that define a hypothesis? - ANSWER 1. the simplest explanation is preferred over
a complex explanation
43. 2. must be testable and falsifiable
44. 3. cannot rely on faith or test ethics
45. 4. cannot be based on metaphysical or supernatural factors/forces
46. T/F: It is possible to support or reject a hypothesis. - ANSWER true, these are the words you would
use when referring to a hypothesis since you cannot prove something.
47. Can you consider a hypothesis "true," "fact," or "correct"? - ANSWER no, you can only find support
for a hypothesis.
48. What is a "control" subject? - ANSWER a subject that is treated as closely as possible to an
experimental subject, except that he or she does not receive any treatment.
49. What are the advantages of using a double blind experiment? - ANSWER Since both the researcher
and subjects do not receive the treatment, it minimizes the effects of human bias on the result.
