Bio 351 Module 3 Exam with |! |! |! |! |! |!
precise detailed solutions |! |!
Gastrulation - Correct answer ✔Establishes the three germ layers |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Neurulation - Correct answer ✔Formation of the neural plate/tube|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
The nervous system starts out as a flat neural plate that runs along the
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midline from rostral to caudal |! |! |! |!
Folding is initiated when the medial hinge point (MHP) cells anchor to the
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notochord and change shape while the epidermal cells move toward the
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dorsal midline |!
Epidermal cells continue to push and elevate neural folds
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Cells at dorsolateral hinge point (DHLP) then push toward center to bring
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
fold into contact
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The neural folds fuse at the dorsal midline and separate from overlying
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
epidermis
The brain is derived from: - Correct answer ✔Ectoderm
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The nervous system begins as a flat neural plate that runs along the midline
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
from rostral to caudal. Folding is initiated with the __________ anchored to
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
the ______________ and changes shape while the epidermal cells move
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toward the dorsal midline. - Correct answer ✔A. Medial hingepoint cells
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B. Notochord
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, Crosstalk between the ____________ and ectoderm establish patterning that
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forms the neural tube. - Correct answer ✔Mesoderm
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Neural tube defects (NTDs) - Correct answer ✔Caused by the timing and
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localization of disruptions to neural tube closures
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Disruptions of neural tube closure can affect surrounding tissues, such as
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
somites, the embryonic precursors to the vertebral bones, leading to various
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
disorders.
Open NTDs - Correct answer ✔Craniorachischisis totalis
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Anencephaly
Myeloschisis
Encephalocele
Myelomeningocele
Occult (hidden) NTDs - Correct answer ✔Tether filum
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Spinal Lipoma |!
Split cord malformation
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Dermal sinus |!
Myelocystocele
Spina bifida occulta
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precise detailed solutions |! |!
Gastrulation - Correct answer ✔Establishes the three germ layers |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Neurulation - Correct answer ✔Formation of the neural plate/tube|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
The nervous system starts out as a flat neural plate that runs along the
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
midline from rostral to caudal |! |! |! |!
Folding is initiated when the medial hinge point (MHP) cells anchor to the
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
notochord and change shape while the epidermal cells move toward the
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
dorsal midline |!
Epidermal cells continue to push and elevate neural folds
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Cells at dorsolateral hinge point (DHLP) then push toward center to bring
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
fold into contact
|! |!
The neural folds fuse at the dorsal midline and separate from overlying
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
epidermis
The brain is derived from: - Correct answer ✔Ectoderm
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
The nervous system begins as a flat neural plate that runs along the midline
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
from rostral to caudal. Folding is initiated with the __________ anchored to
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
the ______________ and changes shape while the epidermal cells move
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
toward the dorsal midline. - Correct answer ✔A. Medial hingepoint cells
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
B. Notochord
|!
, Crosstalk between the ____________ and ectoderm establish patterning that
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
forms the neural tube. - Correct answer ✔Mesoderm
|! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Neural tube defects (NTDs) - Correct answer ✔Caused by the timing and
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
localization of disruptions to neural tube closures
|! |! |! |! |! |!
Disruptions of neural tube closure can affect surrounding tissues, such as
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
somites, the embryonic precursors to the vertebral bones, leading to various
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
disorders.
Open NTDs - Correct answer ✔Craniorachischisis totalis
|! |! |! |! |! |!
Anencephaly
Myeloschisis
Encephalocele
Myelomeningocele
Occult (hidden) NTDs - Correct answer ✔Tether filum
|! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Spinal Lipoma |!
Split cord malformation
|! |!
Dermal sinus |!
Myelocystocele
Spina bifida occulta
|! |!
