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Theory and Practice of counseling and
psychotherapy Final exam Questions
and Expert Answers the Latest Version
Question: The basic philosophies for Psychoanalytic therapy
Answer: human beings are basically determined by psychic energy and by
early experiences. unconscious motives and conflicts are central in present
behavior. Early development is of critical importance because later personality
have roots in repressed childhood conflicts.
Question: The basic philosophies for Existential therapy
Answer: the central focus is on the nature of human conditions, which
includes a capacity for self awareness, freedom of choice to decide one's fate,
responsibility, anxiety, the search for meaning, being alone and being in
relation with others, striving for authenticity, and facing living and dying.
Question: the basic philosophies for person-centered therapy
Answer: positive view of people; we have an inclination towards becoming
fully functioning. In the context of the therapeutic relationship, the client
experiences feelings that were previously denied to awareness. the client
moves towards increased awareness, spontaneity, trust in self, and inner-
directedness.
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Question: The basic philosophies for cognitive behavior therapy
Answer: individuals tend to incorporate faulty thinking, which leads to
emotional and behavioral disturbances. Cognitions are the major
determinants of how we feel and act. Therapy is primarily focused towards
cognition and behavior, and it stresses the role of thinking, deciding,
questioning, doing, redeciding. Is a Psychoeducational model, which
emphasizes therapy as a learning process, including acquiring and practice
new skills, learning new ways of thinking, and acquiring more effective ways
of coping with problems.
Question: The basic philosophies for feminist therapy
Answer: the constructs of this theory include being gender fair, flexible,
interactionist, and life-span-orientated. Gender and power are at the heart of
the therapy. this is a systems approach that recognizes the culture, social, and
political factors that contribute to an individuals problems.
Question: The basic philosophies for postmodern approaches
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Answer: based on the premise that there are multiple realities and multiple
truths, The therapies reject the idea that reality is external and can be
grasped. People create meaning in their lives through conversations with
others. the approaches avoid pathologizing clients, take a dim view of
diagnosis, avoid searching for underlying causes of problems, and place a high
value on discovering client's strengths and resources. Rather than talk about
problems, the focus of therapy is on creating solutions in the present and the
future.
Question: The basic philosophies for family systems therapy
Answer: the family is viewed from an interactive and systemic perspective.
Clients are connected to a living system; a change in one part of the system
will result in a change in other parts. The family provides the context for
understanding how individuals function in relationship to others and how they
behave. Treatment deals with the family unit. An individual's dysfunctional
behavior grows out of the interactional unit of family and out of larger systems
as well.
Question: Key concepts of Psychoanalytic therapy
Answer: normal personality development is based on successful resolution
and integration of psychosexual stages of development.
Question: Key concepts of Existential therapy
Theory and Practice of counseling and
psychotherapy Final exam Questions
and Expert Answers the Latest Version
Question: The basic philosophies for Psychoanalytic therapy
Answer: human beings are basically determined by psychic energy and by
early experiences. unconscious motives and conflicts are central in present
behavior. Early development is of critical importance because later personality
have roots in repressed childhood conflicts.
Question: The basic philosophies for Existential therapy
Answer: the central focus is on the nature of human conditions, which
includes a capacity for self awareness, freedom of choice to decide one's fate,
responsibility, anxiety, the search for meaning, being alone and being in
relation with others, striving for authenticity, and facing living and dying.
Question: the basic philosophies for person-centered therapy
Answer: positive view of people; we have an inclination towards becoming
fully functioning. In the context of the therapeutic relationship, the client
experiences feelings that were previously denied to awareness. the client
moves towards increased awareness, spontaneity, trust in self, and inner-
directedness.
, Page | 2
Question: The basic philosophies for cognitive behavior therapy
Answer: individuals tend to incorporate faulty thinking, which leads to
emotional and behavioral disturbances. Cognitions are the major
determinants of how we feel and act. Therapy is primarily focused towards
cognition and behavior, and it stresses the role of thinking, deciding,
questioning, doing, redeciding. Is a Psychoeducational model, which
emphasizes therapy as a learning process, including acquiring and practice
new skills, learning new ways of thinking, and acquiring more effective ways
of coping with problems.
Question: The basic philosophies for feminist therapy
Answer: the constructs of this theory include being gender fair, flexible,
interactionist, and life-span-orientated. Gender and power are at the heart of
the therapy. this is a systems approach that recognizes the culture, social, and
political factors that contribute to an individuals problems.
Question: The basic philosophies for postmodern approaches
, Page | 3
Answer: based on the premise that there are multiple realities and multiple
truths, The therapies reject the idea that reality is external and can be
grasped. People create meaning in their lives through conversations with
others. the approaches avoid pathologizing clients, take a dim view of
diagnosis, avoid searching for underlying causes of problems, and place a high
value on discovering client's strengths and resources. Rather than talk about
problems, the focus of therapy is on creating solutions in the present and the
future.
Question: The basic philosophies for family systems therapy
Answer: the family is viewed from an interactive and systemic perspective.
Clients are connected to a living system; a change in one part of the system
will result in a change in other parts. The family provides the context for
understanding how individuals function in relationship to others and how they
behave. Treatment deals with the family unit. An individual's dysfunctional
behavior grows out of the interactional unit of family and out of larger systems
as well.
Question: Key concepts of Psychoanalytic therapy
Answer: normal personality development is based on successful resolution
and integration of psychosexual stages of development.
Question: Key concepts of Existential therapy
