Chapter 02: Basic Concepts of Infectious Disease
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What kind of relationship exists between microbiota and their human hosts?
a. mutualistic c. endoparasitic
b. pathogenic d. ectoparasitic
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 2.1
OBJ: 2.1a Describe differences between microbiota and pathogens.
MSC: Remembering
2.
This image shows a person afflicted with athlete’s foot, which is caused by the fungus
Trichophyton rubrum. T. rubrum is an example of a(n)
a. endoparasite. c. mutualist.
b. ectoparasite. d. fomite.
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: 2.1
OBJ: 2.1a Describe differences between microbiota and pathogens.
MSC: Applying
,3.
This graph shows the percent mortality in populations of lab animals exposed to increasing
concentrations of two different pathogens (agent 1 and agent 2). What is the lethal dose 50%
(LD50) of agent 2?
a. 400 c. 800
b. 600 d. 1,000
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: 2.1
OBJ: 2.1c Differentiate between infectious dose and lethal dose.
MSC: Understanding
4. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental attribute of a successful pathogen?
a. host attachment c. nutrient acquisition
b. immune avoidance d. wide host range
ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: 2.1
OBJ: 2.1d Discuss the fundamental attributes of a successful pathogen.
MSC: Understanding
5.
, This image shows a rash associated with Rocky Mountain spotted fever. This rash is an
example of a
a. sign. c. sequelae.
b. symptom. d. fomite.
ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: 2.2
OBJ: 2.2a Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of a disease.
MSC: Understanding
6. Colonization occurs during which stage of an infectious disease?
a. incubation phase c. decline phase
b. invasive phase d. prodromal phase
ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: 2.2
OBJ: 2.2c Describe the five basic stages of an infectious disease.
MSC: Applying
7. Which of the following is an example of a symptom?
a. a rash c. jaundice (yellow tinge to the skin)
b. swollen glands d. muscle aches
ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: 2.2
OBJ: 2.2a Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of a disease.
MSC: Applying
8. A mosquito can transmit a viral pathogen into humans. The mosquito is an example of a(n)
a. fomite. c. vector.
b. symptom. d. endoparasite.
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 2.3
OBJ: 2.3a Describe complex versus simple infection cycles. MSC: Remembering
9. An island nation normally has low background level of cholera. After an earthquake,
sanitation is disrupted and cholera cases spike to high levels on the island but not in other
areas of the world. The spike in cholera cases is an example of a(n)
a. endemic disease. c. pandemic disease.
b. epidemic disease. d. opportunistic infection.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 2.3
OBJ: 2.3b Differentiate endemic, epidemic, and pandemic disease.
MSC: Understanding
10. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) spreads directly from person to person via intimate
contact. HIV exhibits
a. a simple infection cycle. c. vehicle transmission.
b. a complex infection cycle. d. indirect transmission.
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 2.3
OBJ: 2.3a Describe complex versus simple infection cycles. MSC: Understanding
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What kind of relationship exists between microbiota and their human hosts?
a. mutualistic c. endoparasitic
b. pathogenic d. ectoparasitic
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 2.1
OBJ: 2.1a Describe differences between microbiota and pathogens.
MSC: Remembering
2.
This image shows a person afflicted with athlete’s foot, which is caused by the fungus
Trichophyton rubrum. T. rubrum is an example of a(n)
a. endoparasite. c. mutualist.
b. ectoparasite. d. fomite.
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: 2.1
OBJ: 2.1a Describe differences between microbiota and pathogens.
MSC: Applying
,3.
This graph shows the percent mortality in populations of lab animals exposed to increasing
concentrations of two different pathogens (agent 1 and agent 2). What is the lethal dose 50%
(LD50) of agent 2?
a. 400 c. 800
b. 600 d. 1,000
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: 2.1
OBJ: 2.1c Differentiate between infectious dose and lethal dose.
MSC: Understanding
4. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental attribute of a successful pathogen?
a. host attachment c. nutrient acquisition
b. immune avoidance d. wide host range
ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: 2.1
OBJ: 2.1d Discuss the fundamental attributes of a successful pathogen.
MSC: Understanding
5.
, This image shows a rash associated with Rocky Mountain spotted fever. This rash is an
example of a
a. sign. c. sequelae.
b. symptom. d. fomite.
ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: 2.2
OBJ: 2.2a Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of a disease.
MSC: Understanding
6. Colonization occurs during which stage of an infectious disease?
a. incubation phase c. decline phase
b. invasive phase d. prodromal phase
ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: 2.2
OBJ: 2.2c Describe the five basic stages of an infectious disease.
MSC: Applying
7. Which of the following is an example of a symptom?
a. a rash c. jaundice (yellow tinge to the skin)
b. swollen glands d. muscle aches
ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: 2.2
OBJ: 2.2a Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of a disease.
MSC: Applying
8. A mosquito can transmit a viral pathogen into humans. The mosquito is an example of a(n)
a. fomite. c. vector.
b. symptom. d. endoparasite.
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 2.3
OBJ: 2.3a Describe complex versus simple infection cycles. MSC: Remembering
9. An island nation normally has low background level of cholera. After an earthquake,
sanitation is disrupted and cholera cases spike to high levels on the island but not in other
areas of the world. The spike in cholera cases is an example of a(n)
a. endemic disease. c. pandemic disease.
b. epidemic disease. d. opportunistic infection.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 2.3
OBJ: 2.3b Differentiate endemic, epidemic, and pandemic disease.
MSC: Understanding
10. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) spreads directly from person to person via intimate
contact. HIV exhibits
a. a simple infection cycle. c. vehicle transmission.
b. a complex infection cycle. d. indirect transmission.
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 2.3
OBJ: 2.3a Describe complex versus simple infection cycles. MSC: Understanding
