NSG 430 TOPIC 13
1. early symptoms of cirrhosis: fatigue or large liver
2. most common causes of cirrhosis: chronic hepatitis C and alcohol-inducedliver disease
3. what happens due to an increase in circulating estrogen from cirrhosis: -
palmar erythema and spider angiomasgynecomastia
4. hematologic problems that occur due to cirrhosis: Thrombocytopenia,leukopenia, and
anemia
5. what causes peripheral neuropathy in alcoholic cirrhosis: dietary deficiencyof thiamine,
folic acid, and cobalamin
6. compensated cirrhosis: cirrhosis with no complications
7. decompensated cirrhosis: cirrhosis with one or more complications
8. complications of cirrhosis: portal HTN --> varicesperipheral edema/ascites
hepatic encephalopathyhepatorenal syndrome
9. the increased pressure from portal hypertension causes: varices, ascites,splenomegaly
10. treatment of varices: Acid reducers, vasoconstrictors, shunt to bypass liver
11. treatment for peripheral edema: albumin
12. treatment for ascites: pericentesis, diuretics, albumin
13. cirrhosis causes alterations in: immune function
14. complication of ascites: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (E. coli)
15. when is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis common: after variceal hemor-rhage
16. ascites will cause the patient to be: dehydrated, hypokalemic, and havedecreased urine
output
17. A characteristic manifestation of hepatic encephalopathy is: asterixis
18. Fetor hepaticus: sweet breath odor associated with hepatic encephalopathy
19. symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy: decrease in mental status, apraxia,tongue
fasiculations
20. treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: lactulose, abx
21. Hepatorenal syndrome: renal failure with azotemia, oliguria, and intractableascites
22. in the patient with cirrhosis, hepatorenal syndrome frequently: diuretictherapy, GI
hemorrhage, or paracentesis
23. treatment of hepatorenal syndrome: liver transplant
, 24. conservative therapy of cirrhosis: •Rest
• Administration of B-complex vitamins
• Avoidance of alcohol
• no aspirin, acetaminophen, and NSAIDs
25. diagnostic of cirrhosis: liver biopsy
26. treatment of ascites: sodium restriction (2g/day)
Spironolactone and furosemideparacentesis
albumin
27. Tolvaptan (Samsca): corrects hyponatremia
28. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS): alleviate ascites thatdoes not
respond to diuretics
29. Peritoneovenous shunt: a surgical procedure that provides continuous reinfu-sion of
ascitic fluid into the venous system
30. treatment for varices: avoid alcohol, aspirin, Tylenol, and NSAIDs
31. All patients with cirrhosis should have upper endoscopy (EGD) to screenfor: varices
32. Patients with varices at risk of bleeding and are generally started on: non-selective ²-
blocker (nadolol [Corgard] or propranolol [Inderal])
33. long term treatment of varices: TIPS
34. When variceal bleeding occurs, the first step is to: stabilize the patient andmanage the
airway
35. hepatitis A transmission: fecal-oralfood and drinking water
36. hepatitis B transmission: blood and bodily fluids
37. hepatitis C transmission: blood and bodily fluids
38. hepatitis E transmission: fecal-oral
39. hepatitis A causes: mild flu-like illness and jaundice
40. does hepatitis A usually cause long term infection: no
41. hepatitis B causes: acute or chronic hepatitis
42. RF for HBV: male partners having unprotected sex, hemodialysis, organ trans-plantation
43. acute hepatitis C: asymptomatic
44. diagnosis of acute hepatitis C: lab work
45. chronic hepatitis C: liver damage and cancer
46. RF of hepatitis C: IV drug usersdialysis
1. early symptoms of cirrhosis: fatigue or large liver
2. most common causes of cirrhosis: chronic hepatitis C and alcohol-inducedliver disease
3. what happens due to an increase in circulating estrogen from cirrhosis: -
palmar erythema and spider angiomasgynecomastia
4. hematologic problems that occur due to cirrhosis: Thrombocytopenia,leukopenia, and
anemia
5. what causes peripheral neuropathy in alcoholic cirrhosis: dietary deficiencyof thiamine,
folic acid, and cobalamin
6. compensated cirrhosis: cirrhosis with no complications
7. decompensated cirrhosis: cirrhosis with one or more complications
8. complications of cirrhosis: portal HTN --> varicesperipheral edema/ascites
hepatic encephalopathyhepatorenal syndrome
9. the increased pressure from portal hypertension causes: varices, ascites,splenomegaly
10. treatment of varices: Acid reducers, vasoconstrictors, shunt to bypass liver
11. treatment for peripheral edema: albumin
12. treatment for ascites: pericentesis, diuretics, albumin
13. cirrhosis causes alterations in: immune function
14. complication of ascites: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (E. coli)
15. when is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis common: after variceal hemor-rhage
16. ascites will cause the patient to be: dehydrated, hypokalemic, and havedecreased urine
output
17. A characteristic manifestation of hepatic encephalopathy is: asterixis
18. Fetor hepaticus: sweet breath odor associated with hepatic encephalopathy
19. symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy: decrease in mental status, apraxia,tongue
fasiculations
20. treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: lactulose, abx
21. Hepatorenal syndrome: renal failure with azotemia, oliguria, and intractableascites
22. in the patient with cirrhosis, hepatorenal syndrome frequently: diuretictherapy, GI
hemorrhage, or paracentesis
23. treatment of hepatorenal syndrome: liver transplant
, 24. conservative therapy of cirrhosis: •Rest
• Administration of B-complex vitamins
• Avoidance of alcohol
• no aspirin, acetaminophen, and NSAIDs
25. diagnostic of cirrhosis: liver biopsy
26. treatment of ascites: sodium restriction (2g/day)
Spironolactone and furosemideparacentesis
albumin
27. Tolvaptan (Samsca): corrects hyponatremia
28. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS): alleviate ascites thatdoes not
respond to diuretics
29. Peritoneovenous shunt: a surgical procedure that provides continuous reinfu-sion of
ascitic fluid into the venous system
30. treatment for varices: avoid alcohol, aspirin, Tylenol, and NSAIDs
31. All patients with cirrhosis should have upper endoscopy (EGD) to screenfor: varices
32. Patients with varices at risk of bleeding and are generally started on: non-selective ²-
blocker (nadolol [Corgard] or propranolol [Inderal])
33. long term treatment of varices: TIPS
34. When variceal bleeding occurs, the first step is to: stabilize the patient andmanage the
airway
35. hepatitis A transmission: fecal-oralfood and drinking water
36. hepatitis B transmission: blood and bodily fluids
37. hepatitis C transmission: blood and bodily fluids
38. hepatitis E transmission: fecal-oral
39. hepatitis A causes: mild flu-like illness and jaundice
40. does hepatitis A usually cause long term infection: no
41. hepatitis B causes: acute or chronic hepatitis
42. RF for HBV: male partners having unprotected sex, hemodialysis, organ trans-plantation
43. acute hepatitis C: asymptomatic
44. diagnosis of acute hepatitis C: lab work
45. chronic hepatitis C: liver damage and cancer
46. RF of hepatitis C: IV drug usersdialysis
