NSG 430 TOPIC 12
1. Tense, rigid, boardlike abdomen may indicate: perforation and peritonitis
2. fluids for upper GI bleed: Isotonic crystalloid: LRVolume replacement
3. Massive upper GI hemorrhage =: 1500 mL of blood
4. can a massive upper GI hemorrhage stop bleeding on its own: yes
5. First line therapy for upper GI bleeds: Endoscopic hemostasis protocol
6. what is the goal of Endoscopic hemostasis protocol: coagulate or throm-bose the bleeding
vessel
7. techniques of endoscopic hemostasis protocol: Thermal (heat) probeElectrocoagulation
probe (multipolar and bipolar)
Argon plasma coagulation (APC) Neodymium yttrium-aluminum-garnet(Nd-YAG) laser
Mechanical therapy with clips or bands
8. indications for surgical therapy due to GI bleeds: Continued bleeding after2000 mL of
whole blood rapid transfusion
Remains in shock after 24 hours
9. what should be started before the endoscopy: IV PPI
10. what should be given during the endoscopy: epi
11. Reducing acid secretion is important because the acidic environment canalter: Plt function
and clotting
12. Somatostatin or octreotide for upper GI bleeds: IV boluses for 3-7 days afteronset of
bleeding
13. how often should vitals be taken during a GI bleed: q 15-30 min
14. nutrition during GI bleed: NPO --> clear fluids given hourly
15. teaching after GI bleed: Adhere to treatment and don't take any other drugsthan those that
are prescribed
16. Hemorrhage from chronic alcohol abuse can result in: Delirium tremens,agitation,
shaking, sweating, hallucinations
17. When vomit contains blood but stool does not, hemorrhage is consideredto be: of short
duration
18. Checking for occult blood: Urine, stool, emesis, CBC
19. Balloon tamponade for esophageal varices, label: each of the lumens
20. Balloon tamponade for esophageal varices, deflate the balloons how of-ten: for 5 minutes
every 8 to 12 hours
, 21. what are we trying to prevent when esophageal varices are present: hepaticencephalopathy
22. drug therapy for esophageal varices: Octreotide, vasopressin, blood, vitaminK, lactulose,
rifaximin
23. Bright red blood means the blood has not been in contact with: gastric HClsecretions
24. Coffee ground blood means: it has been in the stomach for some time
25. those at highest risk for stomach and duodenal origin bleeding: those withcoagulopathy,
on mechanical ventilation for >48 hours
26. pre-op appendicitis: NPO, fluids
27. post-op appendicitis: NPONG ’ suction
28. post-op appendicitis positioning: Semi fowlers
29. symptoms of peritonitis: Rebound tenderness, abdominal distention
30. complications of peritonitis: ARDS, sepsis, hypovolemic shock
31. interventions for peritonitis: NPOFluids
NG ’ suctionO2
Abx, antiemetics
32. Colorectal cancer is common in what area: rectosigmoid area
33. RF of CRC: First degree relative, IBD, abnormal KRAS gene
34. common metastasis site for CRC: liver
35. symptoms of CRC: Ribbon like stool, rectal bleeding
36. symptoms of advanced CRC: ascites, hepatomegaly
37. diagnostic for CRC: Fecal occult blood test, fecal immunochemical testcolonoscopy
38. check what labs when metastasis is suspected: LFT
39. why would a patient with CRC get a CBC: check for anemia
40. Polypectomy during colonoscopy is used to: resect colorectal cancer in situ
41. Abdominal-perineal resection is done when the cancer is located: in thedistal rectum
42. what is removed during an abdominal-perineal resection: entire rectum andthe tumor are
removed
43. what is placed after an abdominal-perineal resection: permanent colostomy
44. does an abdominal-perineal resection maintain sphincter function: no
45. Low anterior resection is done when the cancer is located: in the mid orproximal rectum
1. Tense, rigid, boardlike abdomen may indicate: perforation and peritonitis
2. fluids for upper GI bleed: Isotonic crystalloid: LRVolume replacement
3. Massive upper GI hemorrhage =: 1500 mL of blood
4. can a massive upper GI hemorrhage stop bleeding on its own: yes
5. First line therapy for upper GI bleeds: Endoscopic hemostasis protocol
6. what is the goal of Endoscopic hemostasis protocol: coagulate or throm-bose the bleeding
vessel
7. techniques of endoscopic hemostasis protocol: Thermal (heat) probeElectrocoagulation
probe (multipolar and bipolar)
Argon plasma coagulation (APC) Neodymium yttrium-aluminum-garnet(Nd-YAG) laser
Mechanical therapy with clips or bands
8. indications for surgical therapy due to GI bleeds: Continued bleeding after2000 mL of
whole blood rapid transfusion
Remains in shock after 24 hours
9. what should be started before the endoscopy: IV PPI
10. what should be given during the endoscopy: epi
11. Reducing acid secretion is important because the acidic environment canalter: Plt function
and clotting
12. Somatostatin or octreotide for upper GI bleeds: IV boluses for 3-7 days afteronset of
bleeding
13. how often should vitals be taken during a GI bleed: q 15-30 min
14. nutrition during GI bleed: NPO --> clear fluids given hourly
15. teaching after GI bleed: Adhere to treatment and don't take any other drugsthan those that
are prescribed
16. Hemorrhage from chronic alcohol abuse can result in: Delirium tremens,agitation,
shaking, sweating, hallucinations
17. When vomit contains blood but stool does not, hemorrhage is consideredto be: of short
duration
18. Checking for occult blood: Urine, stool, emesis, CBC
19. Balloon tamponade for esophageal varices, label: each of the lumens
20. Balloon tamponade for esophageal varices, deflate the balloons how of-ten: for 5 minutes
every 8 to 12 hours
, 21. what are we trying to prevent when esophageal varices are present: hepaticencephalopathy
22. drug therapy for esophageal varices: Octreotide, vasopressin, blood, vitaminK, lactulose,
rifaximin
23. Bright red blood means the blood has not been in contact with: gastric HClsecretions
24. Coffee ground blood means: it has been in the stomach for some time
25. those at highest risk for stomach and duodenal origin bleeding: those withcoagulopathy,
on mechanical ventilation for >48 hours
26. pre-op appendicitis: NPO, fluids
27. post-op appendicitis: NPONG ’ suction
28. post-op appendicitis positioning: Semi fowlers
29. symptoms of peritonitis: Rebound tenderness, abdominal distention
30. complications of peritonitis: ARDS, sepsis, hypovolemic shock
31. interventions for peritonitis: NPOFluids
NG ’ suctionO2
Abx, antiemetics
32. Colorectal cancer is common in what area: rectosigmoid area
33. RF of CRC: First degree relative, IBD, abnormal KRAS gene
34. common metastasis site for CRC: liver
35. symptoms of CRC: Ribbon like stool, rectal bleeding
36. symptoms of advanced CRC: ascites, hepatomegaly
37. diagnostic for CRC: Fecal occult blood test, fecal immunochemical testcolonoscopy
38. check what labs when metastasis is suspected: LFT
39. why would a patient with CRC get a CBC: check for anemia
40. Polypectomy during colonoscopy is used to: resect colorectal cancer in situ
41. Abdominal-perineal resection is done when the cancer is located: in thedistal rectum
42. what is removed during an abdominal-perineal resection: entire rectum andthe tumor are
removed
43. what is placed after an abdominal-perineal resection: permanent colostomy
44. does an abdominal-perineal resection maintain sphincter function: no
45. Low anterior resection is done when the cancer is located: in the mid orproximal rectum
