,Critical Thinking Clinical Reasoning and Clinical Judgment 7th Edition A
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
Practical Approach Test Bank f d f d f d f d f d
Chapter 1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment?
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f Multiple Choice
d fd
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
1. Which of the following characteristics do the various definitions of
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critical thinking
f d have in common? Critical thinking fd fd fd fd fd
1)
Requires reasoned thought fd fd
2)
fd
Asks the questions why? or fd fd fd fd
how?
fd
3)
Is a hierarchical process
fd fd fd
4)
fd
Demands specialized thinking skills fd fd fd
ANS: 1
fd fd
The definitions listed in the text as well as definitions in Box 2-
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1 state that critical thinking requires reasoning or reasoned thinking. Critical
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f thinking is neither linear nor hierarchical. That means that the steps
d f d f d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d
involved in critical thinking are not necessarily sequential, where mastery
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d fd f d f d
f of one step is necessary to proceed to the next.
d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
Critical thinking is a purposeful, dynamic, analytic process that contributes
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to reasoned decisions and sound contextual
f d f d judgments. fd fd fd fd
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim f d f d f d f d f d f d
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Analysis
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
2. A few nurses on a unit have proposed to the nurse
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f d manager that the process for documenting care on the unit be f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f d changed. They have described a completely new system. Why is it f d f d f d f d fd fd fd f d f d
f d important for the nurse manager to have a critical attitude? f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d It
f d will help the manager to f d f d f d f d
1)
Consider all the possible advantages and fd fd fd fd fd
disadvantages 2)
fd fd
Maintain an open mind about the fd fd fd fd fd
proposed change 3)
fd fd fd
Apply the nursing process to the fd fd fd fd fd
situation 4)
fd fd
Make a decision based on past experience with documentation
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
ANS: 2
f d fd
A critical attitude enables the person to think fairly and keep an
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f open mind. PTS:1DIF:ModerateKEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE |
d f d fd f d fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
Cognitive level: Comprehension
fd fd f d
, The nurse has just been assigned to the clinical care
fd 3. f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f of a newly admitted patient. To know how to best care for the patient, the nurse
d f d f d fd f d fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
uses the nursing process. Which step would the nurse probably do first?
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1)
Assessment
2)
fd
Diagnosis
3)
fd
Plan outcomes fd
4)
fd
Plan interventions fd
ANS: 1
fd fd
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. The nursing f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
diagnosis is derived from the data gathered during assessment, outcomes
f d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d f d
from the diagnosis, and interventions from the outcomes. PTS:1DIF:Easy
f d f d f d f d fd f d f d fd fd
KEY: Nursing process: Assessment | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
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4. Which of the following is an example of
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f dtheoretical knowledge? 1) fd fd
A nurse uses sterile technique to catheterize a
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fdpatient. 2) fd
Room air has an oxygen concentration of
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fd21%. 3) fd
Glucose monitoring machines should be calibratedfd fd fd fd fd
daily. 4)
fd fd
An irregular apical heart rate should be compared with the
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fdradial pulse. ANS: 2 f d fd fd
Theoretical knowledge consists of research findings, facts, principles, and theories. The
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f doxygen concentration of room air is a scientific fact. The others f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f are examples of practical knowledgewhat to do and how to do it.
d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim f d f d f d f d f d f d
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
5. Which of the following is an example of practical knowledge?
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(Assume all are true.) 1)
f d f d fd f d fd
The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and ventricle of
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f the heart. 2)
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The pancreas does not produce enough insulin in
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fd type 1 diabetes. 3) fd fd fd
When assessing the abdomen, you should auscultate before
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fdpalpating. 4) fd
Research shows pain medication given intravenously acts faster than by other
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
f routes. ANS: 3
d fd fd
, Practical knowledge is knowing what to do and how to do it,
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f such as how to do an assessment. The others are examples of
d f d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
theoretical knowledge, anatomy (tricuspid valve),
f d fact (type 1 diabetes),
f d f d fd fd f d f d f d
f and research (IV pain medication).
d f d f d f d f d
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim f d f d f d f d f d f d
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
6. Which of the following is an example of self-knowledge? The
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nurse thinks, I know that I 1)
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Should take the clients apical pulse for 1 minute before giving
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f digoxin 2)
d fd
Should follow the clients wishes even though it is not
f d fd f d f d f d f d f d fd f d
what I would
f d want 3)
fd fd fd
Have religious beliefs that may make it difficult to take care of
f d f d f d f d f d fd f d fd f d fd fd
some clients 4)
f d fd fd
Need to honor the clients request not to discuss his health concern
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with the family ANS: 3
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Self-knowledge is being aware of your religious and cultural beliefs and values. f d f d f d f d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d
f dTaking the pulse is an example of practical knowledge. Following
fd f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f client wishes and honoring client requests are examples of ethical
d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f dknowledge.
PTS:1DIFifficult; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim | V1, high-level fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
question, answer not stated verbatim
f d fd fd fd fd
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
7. Which of the following is the most important reason for
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f nurses to be critical thinkers? 1)
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Nurses need to follow policies and
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procedures. 2)
fd fd
Nurses work with other healthcare team
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members. 3)
fd fd
Nurses care for clients who have multiple health
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
fdproblems. 4) fd
Nurses have to be flexible and work variable
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
fdschedules. ANS: 3 fd fd
Critical thinking is essential for client care, particularly when the
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f care is complex, involving numerous health issues. Following policies and
d f d f d fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
procedures does not necessarily require critical thinking, and working with
fd fd fd fd f d f d f d f d f d f d
f others or being flexible and working different schedules do not
d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
necessarily require critical thinking.
f d f d f d f d
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim f d f d f d f d f d f d
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
8. The nurse administering pain medication every 4 hours is an
f d f d fd f d fd f d f d f d f d fd
example of which aspect of patient care?
f d f d fd f d fd fd fd
1)
Assessment data fd
2)
fd
Nursing diagnosis f d
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
Practical Approach Test Bank f d f d f d f d f d
Chapter 1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment?
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
f Multiple Choice
d fd
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
1. Which of the following characteristics do the various definitions of
f d fd fd fd f d f d f d fd f d f d
critical thinking
f d have in common? Critical thinking fd fd fd fd fd
1)
Requires reasoned thought fd fd
2)
fd
Asks the questions why? or fd fd fd fd
how?
fd
3)
Is a hierarchical process
fd fd fd
4)
fd
Demands specialized thinking skills fd fd fd
ANS: 1
fd fd
The definitions listed in the text as well as definitions in Box 2-
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
1 state that critical thinking requires reasoning or reasoned thinking. Critical
f d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d f d
f thinking is neither linear nor hierarchical. That means that the steps
d f d f d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d
involved in critical thinking are not necessarily sequential, where mastery
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d fd f d f d
f of one step is necessary to proceed to the next.
d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
Critical thinking is a purposeful, dynamic, analytic process that contributes
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
to reasoned decisions and sound contextual
f d f d judgments. fd fd fd fd
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim f d f d f d f d f d f d
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Analysis
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
2. A few nurses on a unit have proposed to the nurse
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f d manager that the process for documenting care on the unit be f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f d changed. They have described a completely new system. Why is it f d f d f d f d fd fd fd f d f d
f d important for the nurse manager to have a critical attitude? f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d It
f d will help the manager to f d f d f d f d
1)
Consider all the possible advantages and fd fd fd fd fd
disadvantages 2)
fd fd
Maintain an open mind about the fd fd fd fd fd
proposed change 3)
fd fd fd
Apply the nursing process to the fd fd fd fd fd
situation 4)
fd fd
Make a decision based on past experience with documentation
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
ANS: 2
f d fd
A critical attitude enables the person to think fairly and keep an
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f open mind. PTS:1DIF:ModerateKEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE |
d f d fd f d fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
Cognitive level: Comprehension
fd fd f d
, The nurse has just been assigned to the clinical care
fd 3. f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f of a newly admitted patient. To know how to best care for the patient, the nurse
d f d f d fd f d fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
uses the nursing process. Which step would the nurse probably do first?
fd fd fd fd f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
1)
Assessment
2)
fd
Diagnosis
3)
fd
Plan outcomes fd
4)
fd
Plan interventions fd
ANS: 1
fd fd
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. The nursing f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
diagnosis is derived from the data gathered during assessment, outcomes
f d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d f d
from the diagnosis, and interventions from the outcomes. PTS:1DIF:Easy
f d f d f d f d fd f d f d fd fd
KEY: Nursing process: Assessment | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
4. Which of the following is an example of
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
f dtheoretical knowledge? 1) fd fd
A nurse uses sterile technique to catheterize a
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
fdpatient. 2) fd
Room air has an oxygen concentration of
fd fd fd fd fd fd
fd21%. 3) fd
Glucose monitoring machines should be calibratedfd fd fd fd fd
daily. 4)
fd fd
An irregular apical heart rate should be compared with the
fd fd fd f d fd fd fd fd fd
fdradial pulse. ANS: 2 f d fd fd
Theoretical knowledge consists of research findings, facts, principles, and theories. The
fd fd f d fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
f doxygen concentration of room air is a scientific fact. The others f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f are examples of practical knowledgewhat to do and how to do it.
d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim f d f d f d f d f d f d
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
5. Which of the following is an example of practical knowledge?
f d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d f d
(Assume all are true.) 1)
f d f d fd f d fd
The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and ventricle of
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
f the heart. 2)
d f d fd
The pancreas does not produce enough insulin in
fd fd fd fd fd fd f d
fd type 1 diabetes. 3) fd fd fd
When assessing the abdomen, you should auscultate before
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
fdpalpating. 4) fd
Research shows pain medication given intravenously acts faster than by other
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
f routes. ANS: 3
d fd fd
, Practical knowledge is knowing what to do and how to do it,
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f such as how to do an assessment. The others are examples of
d f d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
theoretical knowledge, anatomy (tricuspid valve),
f d fact (type 1 diabetes),
f d f d fd fd f d f d f d
f and research (IV pain medication).
d f d f d f d f d
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim f d f d f d f d f d f d
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
6. Which of the following is an example of self-knowledge? The
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
nurse thinks, I know that I 1)
f d f d f d fd fd fd fd
Should take the clients apical pulse for 1 minute before giving
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
f digoxin 2)
d fd
Should follow the clients wishes even though it is not
f d fd f d f d f d f d f d fd f d
what I would
f d want 3)
fd fd fd
Have religious beliefs that may make it difficult to take care of
f d f d f d f d f d fd f d fd f d fd fd
some clients 4)
f d fd fd
Need to honor the clients request not to discuss his health concern
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d fd f d f d f d
with the family ANS: 3
f d f d fd fd fd
Self-knowledge is being aware of your religious and cultural beliefs and values. f d f d f d f d f d f d fd f d f d f d f d
f dTaking the pulse is an example of practical knowledge. Following
fd f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f client wishes and honoring client requests are examples of ethical
d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f dknowledge.
PTS:1DIFifficult; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim | V1, high-level fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
question, answer not stated verbatim
f d fd fd fd fd
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
7. Which of the following is the most important reason for
f d f d f d f d f d f d fd f d f d f d
f nurses to be critical thinkers? 1)
d f d f d fd fd fd
Nurses need to follow policies and
fd fd fd fd fd
procedures. 2)
fd fd
Nurses work with other healthcare team
fd fd fd fd fd
members. 3)
fd fd
Nurses care for clients who have multiple health
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
fdproblems. 4) fd
Nurses have to be flexible and work variable
fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
fdschedules. ANS: 3 fd fd
Critical thinking is essential for client care, particularly when the
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
f care is complex, involving numerous health issues. Following policies and
d f d f d fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
procedures does not necessarily require critical thinking, and working with
fd fd fd fd f d f d f d f d f d f d
f others or being flexible and working different schedules do not
d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
necessarily require critical thinking.
f d f d f d f d
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim f d f d f d f d f d f d
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d f d
8. The nurse administering pain medication every 4 hours is an
f d f d fd f d fd f d f d f d f d fd
example of which aspect of patient care?
f d f d fd f d fd fd fd
1)
Assessment data fd
2)
fd
Nursing diagnosis f d
