Changing geography of civil
rights issues
Paper 3 – Section C
, KEY TERMS
• Old South – Refers to the Southern states before the Civil War, known for their reliance on slavery,
agriculture (especially cotton), and plantation economy.
• Confederate States – The group of 11 Southern states that seceded from the United States in 1860
1861, forming the Confederacy and fighting against the Union in the Civil War.
• Rust Belt – A region in the northeastern and midwestern U.S. known for its heavy industry and
manufacturing, which declined in the late 20th century due to deindustrialization.
• Sunbelt - southern and western states of the U.S. that experienced economic, industrial, and population
growth since the 1960s.
• National Guard – A reserve military force in the U.S. that serves both state and federal government
often called upon for domestic emergencies and military support.
• Restrictive Covenant – Legal agreements in property deeds that prevented homeowners from sell
to certain racial or ethnic groups, used to enforce segregation in the 20th century.
• Levittown – A series of large suburban housing developments built in the U.S. after World War II,
symbolizing postwar suburbanization and often criticized for racial exclusion policies.
O
rights issues
Paper 3 – Section C
, KEY TERMS
• Old South – Refers to the Southern states before the Civil War, known for their reliance on slavery,
agriculture (especially cotton), and plantation economy.
• Confederate States – The group of 11 Southern states that seceded from the United States in 1860
1861, forming the Confederacy and fighting against the Union in the Civil War.
• Rust Belt – A region in the northeastern and midwestern U.S. known for its heavy industry and
manufacturing, which declined in the late 20th century due to deindustrialization.
• Sunbelt - southern and western states of the U.S. that experienced economic, industrial, and population
growth since the 1960s.
• National Guard – A reserve military force in the U.S. that serves both state and federal government
often called upon for domestic emergencies and military support.
• Restrictive Covenant – Legal agreements in property deeds that prevented homeowners from sell
to certain racial or ethnic groups, used to enforce segregation in the 20th century.
• Levittown – A series of large suburban housing developments built in the U.S. after World War II,
symbolizing postwar suburbanization and often criticized for racial exclusion policies.
O
