i
,Chapter i1: iIntroduction ito ithe iRole iof iAdvanced iPractices iNursing
i Multiple iChoice
1. In iwhich iyear idid ithe iAmerican iAssociation iof iCollege iof iNursing i(AACN) iintroduced
ithe iDoctorate iof iNursing iPractice i(DNP)?
a. 2006
b. 2004
c. 2000
d. 2002
ANS: iB
Introduced ithe iDNP idegree iin i2004 ito iprepare iadvanced ipractice inurses i(APRNs) ito imeet
ichallenges iand istandardize ipractice ibeyond imaster’s idegree iprograms.
2. Which iof ithe ifollowing iis ithe ibest iexplanation ifor ithe icreation iof ithe iDoctorate iof
iNursing iPractice i(DNP) idegree?
a. To icompete iagainst imaster’s idegree iprograms
b. To iensure istandardized icurriculum iensuring iindependent ipractice
c. To ivalidate iAPRN’s ifor ifinancial ireimbursement
d. To iaddress iincreasing icurriculum irequirements iof imaster’s idegree iprograms
ANS: i D
Although iall ianswers iare iinfluenced iby ithe iDNP icore icompetencies, ithe iDNP iprogram icreation iin
i2004 ibythe iAACN iwas idesigned ito iaddress icurriculum irequirements iof imaster’s idegree iprograms.
3. Which iof ithe ifollowing iwas ithe ifirst irecognized iarea iof iadvanced ipractice i nursing?
a. Clinical iNurse iSpecialist
b. Family inurse ipractitioner
c. Pediatric inurse ipractitioner
d. Certified iRegistered iNurse iAnesthetist
iANS: i D
In i 1931, i the i National iAssociation i of i Nurse i Anesthetists i (NANA), i renamed i in i 1939 i to
i the
American iAssociation iof iNurse iAnesthetists i(AANA) iwas ithe ifirst irecognized igroup
ipromoting iadvanced inursing ipractice. iAgatha iHodgins ifounded ithe iAANM iat iLakeside
iHospital iin iCleveland, iOhio.
4. Which ifactor iis ibroadlyperceived ito isolidifyiand istandardize ithe irole iof ithe iAPNs iover ithe ilast
i25 iyears?
a. Lack iof iaccess ito ihealth icare iproviders
b. Standardized icurriculum idevelopment
c. Payment ifor iservices
d. Societal iforces
,ANS: i B
As ithe ievolution iof iAdvanced iPractice iNursing iadvances ispecific ispecialties iand ineeds iare
iidentified. iThrough ithe ievolution iof iorganization iand istandardization ithese iroles ihave
isolidified ithe iAPN’s irole iin itoday’s ihealth icare ienvironment.
5. During ithe iformation iof iearly iAPN iroles iin ianesthesia, iwhich iof ithe ifollowing
iincreased idemand ifor iaccess ito ihealth icare?
a. Poverty
b. War
c. Rural iaccess ito icare
d. Availability iof itraining
ANS: i B
Earliest idemand ifor inursing-provided ianesthesia ispiked iduring iperiods iof iwar iwhen inumbers
iof iphysicians iwere iinadequate. iThe iearliest irecords idate iback ito ithe iAmerican i Civil iWar iwith
ithe iadministration iof ichloroform. iDuring iWorld iWar iI iin i1917 imore ithan i1000 inurses, isome
itrained ianesthetists, itraveled iinto ibattle. iOther ifactors i such ias ineed ifor irural ihealth icare icame
ilater iin ithe ivalidation iand ineed ifor iAPNs.
6. In i1889, iDr. iWilliam iWorrall iMayo ibuilt iand iopened iSt. iMary’s ihospital iin iRochester, iNY. iHe
iis iknown ifor isome iof ithe iearliest irecruitment iand ispecialized itraining iof inurses iin iwhich iof
ithe ifollowing iroles?
a. Pediatrics
b. Anesthesia
c. Obstetrics
d. Research iand istatistics
e. Family inursing
ANS: i B
In i1889, iDr. iWilliam iWorrall iMayo ibegan iformally itraining iand irecognizing inurse ianesthetists.
iThis ihas ibeen iregarded ias ithe iearliest itraining iin i nurse-provided ianesthesia.
7. In i1893, iLillian iWald iestablished ithe iHenryStreet iSettlement i(HSS)iHouse ifor iwhich ipurpose?
a. Access ito ihealth icare iof irural iareas
b. Create iinner-city inursing iawareness
c. Provide ithe idisadvantaged iaccess ito i care
d. Establish iguidelines ifor iadvanced inursing iroles
ANS: i C
The iHHS iwas iestablished ito iprovide inursing iservices ito iimmigrants iand ilow-income ipatients
iand itheir ifamilies iin iManhattan. iAs iresistance i to inurse-provided icare igrew, istanding iorders
iwere idrafted ifrom ia igroup iof iLower iEast iSide iphysicians ithereby icircumventing ithen-existing
ilegal iramifications.
, 8. The iFrontier iNursing iService i(FNS) ifounded iin iKentucky iin i1925 iby iMary
iBreckenridge iinitially iprovided iAppalachia iwith inursing iresources iand iwhich itype iof
iadvanced inursing icare?
a. Pediatric icare
b. Anesthesia
c. Midwifery
d. Surgical iservices
ANS: i C
The ioriginal iFNS iprovided inursing iservices iand iobstetric iservices ito iAppalachian iresidents.
iLater iworking ifrom istandard iorders ideveloped ifrom itheir imedical iadvisory icommittee inurses
itreated ipatients, imade idiagnoses, iand idispensed i medications.
9. Which iorganization ifounded iin i1941 iunder iMary iBreckenridge’s ileadership imerged iwith ithe
iAmerican iCollege iof iNurse-Midwives i(ACNM) iin i1969?
a. American iAssociation iof iNurse-Midwives i(AANM)
b. American iNurses iAssociation i(ANA)
c. Association ifor iNational iNurse-Midwiferyi(ANNM)
d. Council iof iNursing iMidwiferyi(ANM)
ANS: i A
The iAmerican iCollege iof iNurse-Midwives i(ACNM) iformed iunder ithe ileadership iof iMary
iBreckenridge iin i1941 ito iprovide inurse-midwife idevelopment iand icollaboration ifor imidwife
development. i In i 1955, i the i American i College i of i Nurse-Midwives i was i formed i and
i the i two iorganizations imerged iin i1969 iafter ithe i death iof iMary iBreckenridge.
10. In ia ilandmark iruling iby ithe iSupreme iCourt ias ia iresult iof iChalmers-Frances iv. iNelson, i1936,
iwhat ilegal iprecedent iwas iestablished?
a. Nurse ianesthesia iwas iallowed iunder ithe inurse ipractice iact
b. Nurse ianesthesia iscope iof ipractice iincluded ianesthesia
c. Nurse ianesthesia iwas ilegal, iif iunder iguidance iof ia isupervising iphysician
d. Onlyitrained inursing iprofessionals icould iadminister ianesthesia iindependently
ANS: i C
The ilandmark idecision ifrom ithe iChalmers-Frances iv. iNelson icase iset inational iprecedent ifor
ithe iadvanced inursing ipractice irole. iIt iproved ito ibe ithe ibasis ifor iother icases iover ithe ifollowing
ifew idecades iand iestablished ithat itrained inurses icould ilegally iprovide ianesthesia icare iunder
isupervision iof ia iphysician.
11. The ifirst iknown iestablishment iof ithe inurse ipractitioner irole ioccurred iin i1965 iat itheUniversity
iof iColorado. iIn iwhich iarea iof itraining idid ithis irole ispecialize?
a. Pediatrics
b. Geriatrics
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