NURS 242 Final Exam: Questions & Answers: NURS 242 Final Exam Study Guide: Updated Solution

What are the etiologies of intracranial pressure? (AnsHemorrhage (Fluid Build Up due to stroke or aneurysm) Cerebral Edema Cerebral Spinal Fluid Tumor pushing on tissues What is an overt S/S of cerebral Intracranial Pressure? (AnsEmesis - projectile vomiting Dizziness Other manifestations of Increasing Intracranial pressure (IICP) (AnsPressure in the brain Increased Blood Pressure Bradycardia (Decreased Pulse) Cerebral Spinal Fluid Drainage (Ears, Nose)How would you know that the rhinorrhea or otorrhea drainage is Cerebral Spinal Fluid and not typical drainage? (Ans- Test for glucose What type of diuretic is given for Increasing Intracranial pressure? (Ans- Osmotic Diuretic - Mannitol How would you know Mannitol is effective at decreasing Intracranial pressure? (AnsIncreased urinary output Reduced BP Level of Consciousness Improvement Less headache Do I need to worry about orthostatic hypotension with diuretics like mannitol? (AnsNo, Osmotic diuretics work differently than other diuretics. Osmotic diuretics continuously pull fluid from the rest of the body into the vascular space. Constantly filling the vascular space.What is the Monroe Kelly hypothesis? (Ans- The constant balance between blood, tissue and CSF in the brain. If one increases or decreases the others attempt to balance it out. What is the underlying cause of diabetes insipidus? (Ans- To little Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) How does having too few ADH affect the fluid and electrolyte balance in the body? (Ans- The patient will be hypernatremic Dehydrated There is no antidiuretic to stop the fluid loss