2025-2026 NURS 618 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2|ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS|ALREADY GRADED A+
An older adult woman with a long history of COPD is admitted with progressive
shortness of breath and a constant cough. she is anxious and is complaining of a dry
mouth. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
a. Administer a prescribed sedative
b. Apply a high flow venturi mask
c. Assist her to an upright position
d. Encourage client to drink water
c. Assist her to an upright position
A client with history of asthma and bronchitis arrives at the clinic with shortness of
breath, productive cough with thickened, tenacious mucus, and
the inability to walk up a flight of stairs without experiencing breathlessness.
What action is most important for the nurse to instruct the client about self-care?
a. Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions
b. Avoid crowded enclosed areas to reduce pathogen exposure
c. Teach anxiety reduction methods for feelings of suffocation
d. Call the clinic if undesirable side effects of medications occur
a. Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions
,A client who is newly diagnosed with emphysema is being discharged. What
instruction is best for the nurse to provide to assist the client in self-
management of dyspnea?
a. Use a humidifier to increase home air quality humidity between 30% to 50%
b. Practice inhaling through the mouth and exhaling slowly through pursed lips
c. Strengthen abdominal muscles by alternating leg raises during exhalation
d. Allow additional time to complete physical activities to reduce oxygen demand
d. Allow additional time to complete physical activities to reduce oxygen
demand
The nurse is caring for a client with cor-pulmonale. The nurse should monitor the
client for which expected finding.
a. Ascites and hepatomegaly
b. Elevated temperature and respiratory rate
c. Complaints of chest pain and confusion
d. Clubbing of the fingers and cyanosis of mucous membrane
A. Ascites and hepatomegaly
The nurse teaches pursed lip breathing to a client who is newly diagnosed with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse reinforces that this
technique will assist respiration by which mechanism?
a. promoting maximal inhalation
, b. increasing the respiratory rate and giving the client control of respiratory
patterns
c. loosening secretions so that they may be coughed up more easily
d. preventing bronchial collapse and air trapping in the lungs during exhalation
d. preventing bronchial collapse and air trapping in the lungs during exhalation
The nurse is caring for a client who underwent rhinoplasty and monitoring for signs
of postoperative bleeding. Which of the following should the nurse do first to detect
signs of postoperative bleeding:
a. Assess the oropharynx for excessive swallowing, which may indicate bleeding &
draining into oropharynx
b. Check CBC
c. Check the vital sings
d. Teach the client to sleep on one pillow and check the SpO2
a. Assess the oropharynx for excessive swallowing, which may indicate bleeding &
draining into oropharynx
The nurse is caring for the client diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia. When
developing a plan of care for the client, which action should the nurse do first?
a. provide for adequate rest period
b. teach slow abdominal breathing
c. assess respiratory rate and depth
d. administer oxygen as prescribed
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2|ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS|ALREADY GRADED A+
An older adult woman with a long history of COPD is admitted with progressive
shortness of breath and a constant cough. she is anxious and is complaining of a dry
mouth. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
a. Administer a prescribed sedative
b. Apply a high flow venturi mask
c. Assist her to an upright position
d. Encourage client to drink water
c. Assist her to an upright position
A client with history of asthma and bronchitis arrives at the clinic with shortness of
breath, productive cough with thickened, tenacious mucus, and
the inability to walk up a flight of stairs without experiencing breathlessness.
What action is most important for the nurse to instruct the client about self-care?
a. Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions
b. Avoid crowded enclosed areas to reduce pathogen exposure
c. Teach anxiety reduction methods for feelings of suffocation
d. Call the clinic if undesirable side effects of medications occur
a. Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions
,A client who is newly diagnosed with emphysema is being discharged. What
instruction is best for the nurse to provide to assist the client in self-
management of dyspnea?
a. Use a humidifier to increase home air quality humidity between 30% to 50%
b. Practice inhaling through the mouth and exhaling slowly through pursed lips
c. Strengthen abdominal muscles by alternating leg raises during exhalation
d. Allow additional time to complete physical activities to reduce oxygen demand
d. Allow additional time to complete physical activities to reduce oxygen
demand
The nurse is caring for a client with cor-pulmonale. The nurse should monitor the
client for which expected finding.
a. Ascites and hepatomegaly
b. Elevated temperature and respiratory rate
c. Complaints of chest pain and confusion
d. Clubbing of the fingers and cyanosis of mucous membrane
A. Ascites and hepatomegaly
The nurse teaches pursed lip breathing to a client who is newly diagnosed with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse reinforces that this
technique will assist respiration by which mechanism?
a. promoting maximal inhalation
, b. increasing the respiratory rate and giving the client control of respiratory
patterns
c. loosening secretions so that they may be coughed up more easily
d. preventing bronchial collapse and air trapping in the lungs during exhalation
d. preventing bronchial collapse and air trapping in the lungs during exhalation
The nurse is caring for a client who underwent rhinoplasty and monitoring for signs
of postoperative bleeding. Which of the following should the nurse do first to detect
signs of postoperative bleeding:
a. Assess the oropharynx for excessive swallowing, which may indicate bleeding &
draining into oropharynx
b. Check CBC
c. Check the vital sings
d. Teach the client to sleep on one pillow and check the SpO2
a. Assess the oropharynx for excessive swallowing, which may indicate bleeding &
draining into oropharynx
The nurse is caring for the client diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia. When
developing a plan of care for the client, which action should the nurse do first?
a. provide for adequate rest period
b. teach slow abdominal breathing
c. assess respiratory rate and depth
d. administer oxygen as prescribed
