ADVANCED PATHOPHARMACOLOGICAL
FOUNDATIONS WGU D027 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH ACTUAL CORRECT
ANSWERS.
What are some adverse side effects of alteplase? - CorreCt Answers --
Bleeding
- Bruising
- Epistaxis that will not stop
- Intracranial bleeding
When would alteplase be contraindicated? - CorreCt Answers -- Patients
with recent traumatic brain injury, surgery, or internal active bleeding
- Brain bleeds
- Stomach ulcers
What antiplatelet medication can be given to a pediatric patient that has
been diagnosed with Kawasaki's? - CorreCt Answers -- Aspirin
What do cyclooxygenase (COX), especially COX-2, inhibitors put patients at
risk for? - CorreCt Answers -- MI
- Stroke
- NSAIDS, aspirin, Motrin
,What is the reversal for tylenol? - CorreCt Answers -- Acetylcysteine
(mycomyst)
What are some adverse reactions of a Tylenol overdose? - CorreCt Answers
-- Hepatotoxicity
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
What antibiotics are used for a patient who have a urinary tract infection
that grows Escherichia coli? - CorreCt Answers -- Cephalosporins
- Fluroquinolones
- Sulfonamides
What antibiotics are used for a patient who have a urinary tract infection
that grows Proteus mirabilis? - CorreCt Answers -- Fluoroquinolones
- Sulfonamides
- Nitrofurantoin
What antibiotics are used for a patient who has a urinary tract infection
that grows Enterobacter cloacae? - CorreCt Answers -- Penicillin
- Cephalosporins
What antibiotics are used for a patient who have a urinary tract infection
that grows Serratia marcescens? - CorreCt Answers -- Penicillin,
cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides
What antibiotics are used for GI patients who grow Helicobacter pylori? -
CorreCt Answers -- Penicillin
,- Macrolides
What antibiotics are used for GI patients who grow Salmonella Typhi? -
CorreCt Answers -- Macrolides
- Fluoroquinolones
- Cephalosporins
What antibiotics are used for GI patients who grow Salmonella enteritidis? -
CorreCt Answers -- Cephalosporins
- Fluoroquinolones
Which antibiotic should be avoided in a patient with a history of an allergic
reaction to amoxicillin (penicillin)? - CorreCt Answers -- Cephalosporins
(i.e. cefuroxime)
Which antibiotic has potential adverse effects of tendon rupture, cardiac
arrhythmias, or paresthesias? - CorreCt Answers -- Fluoroquinolones
(suffix "-oxacin") (i.e. Ciprofloxacin)
Why are gram negative bacteria more difficult to treat? - CorreCt Answers -
- Outer lipopolysaccharide membrane which disguises surface antigens of
the bacteria by limiting the immune system's ability from quickly
identifying the pathogen
- Presence of porin channels block the entry of many antibiotics and also
have
- The capability to produce both endo and exotoxins causing damage to
both cells and hostWhat are some physical changes from Alzheimer's
, dementia? - CorreCt Answers -- Brain shrinks dramatically; nerve cell
death and tissue loss
- Cardinal signs: plaques (abnormal clusters of protein fragments) and
tangles (twisted strands of another protein)
How is Alzheimer's treated? - CorreCt Answers -- There is no cure, but
there are pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments
- Cholinesterase inhibitors
- Memantine (namenda)
What are cholinesterase inhibitors prescribed for? - CorreCt Answers -- To
treat symptoms related to memory, thinking, language, judgment, and
other processes
- Helps delay or slow the worsening of symptoms
What does cholinesterase inhibitors do? - CorreCt Answers -- Prevent the
breakdown of acetylcholine, a chemical messenger that is important for
learning and memory
- Supports communication among nerve cells by keeping the acetylcholine
high
What are some commonly prescribed cholinesterase inhibitors? - CorreCt
Answers -- Donepezil (aricept)
- Galantamine (razadyne)
- Rivastigmine (exeleon)
FOUNDATIONS WGU D027 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH ACTUAL CORRECT
ANSWERS.
What are some adverse side effects of alteplase? - CorreCt Answers --
Bleeding
- Bruising
- Epistaxis that will not stop
- Intracranial bleeding
When would alteplase be contraindicated? - CorreCt Answers -- Patients
with recent traumatic brain injury, surgery, or internal active bleeding
- Brain bleeds
- Stomach ulcers
What antiplatelet medication can be given to a pediatric patient that has
been diagnosed with Kawasaki's? - CorreCt Answers -- Aspirin
What do cyclooxygenase (COX), especially COX-2, inhibitors put patients at
risk for? - CorreCt Answers -- MI
- Stroke
- NSAIDS, aspirin, Motrin
,What is the reversal for tylenol? - CorreCt Answers -- Acetylcysteine
(mycomyst)
What are some adverse reactions of a Tylenol overdose? - CorreCt Answers
-- Hepatotoxicity
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
What antibiotics are used for a patient who have a urinary tract infection
that grows Escherichia coli? - CorreCt Answers -- Cephalosporins
- Fluroquinolones
- Sulfonamides
What antibiotics are used for a patient who have a urinary tract infection
that grows Proteus mirabilis? - CorreCt Answers -- Fluoroquinolones
- Sulfonamides
- Nitrofurantoin
What antibiotics are used for a patient who has a urinary tract infection
that grows Enterobacter cloacae? - CorreCt Answers -- Penicillin
- Cephalosporins
What antibiotics are used for a patient who have a urinary tract infection
that grows Serratia marcescens? - CorreCt Answers -- Penicillin,
cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides
What antibiotics are used for GI patients who grow Helicobacter pylori? -
CorreCt Answers -- Penicillin
,- Macrolides
What antibiotics are used for GI patients who grow Salmonella Typhi? -
CorreCt Answers -- Macrolides
- Fluoroquinolones
- Cephalosporins
What antibiotics are used for GI patients who grow Salmonella enteritidis? -
CorreCt Answers -- Cephalosporins
- Fluoroquinolones
Which antibiotic should be avoided in a patient with a history of an allergic
reaction to amoxicillin (penicillin)? - CorreCt Answers -- Cephalosporins
(i.e. cefuroxime)
Which antibiotic has potential adverse effects of tendon rupture, cardiac
arrhythmias, or paresthesias? - CorreCt Answers -- Fluoroquinolones
(suffix "-oxacin") (i.e. Ciprofloxacin)
Why are gram negative bacteria more difficult to treat? - CorreCt Answers -
- Outer lipopolysaccharide membrane which disguises surface antigens of
the bacteria by limiting the immune system's ability from quickly
identifying the pathogen
- Presence of porin channels block the entry of many antibiotics and also
have
- The capability to produce both endo and exotoxins causing damage to
both cells and hostWhat are some physical changes from Alzheimer's
, dementia? - CorreCt Answers -- Brain shrinks dramatically; nerve cell
death and tissue loss
- Cardinal signs: plaques (abnormal clusters of protein fragments) and
tangles (twisted strands of another protein)
How is Alzheimer's treated? - CorreCt Answers -- There is no cure, but
there are pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments
- Cholinesterase inhibitors
- Memantine (namenda)
What are cholinesterase inhibitors prescribed for? - CorreCt Answers -- To
treat symptoms related to memory, thinking, language, judgment, and
other processes
- Helps delay or slow the worsening of symptoms
What does cholinesterase inhibitors do? - CorreCt Answers -- Prevent the
breakdown of acetylcholine, a chemical messenger that is important for
learning and memory
- Supports communication among nerve cells by keeping the acetylcholine
high
What are some commonly prescribed cholinesterase inhibitors? - CorreCt
Answers -- Donepezil (aricept)
- Galantamine (razadyne)
- Rivastigmine (exeleon)
