Complete Test Bank for Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology: Essentials for Clinical Practice 1st Edition by Nancy Tkacs ISBN:9780826177070| Complete Guide A+

Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Cli
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nical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs Test Bank -
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Questions with Answer Key At the end of Every Chapter, All
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Updated

,Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL
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PRACTICE


1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
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A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.


2.
The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
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momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized
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:
A) bleeding.

B) congestion.

C) pale skin.fy




D) coolness.


3.
The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
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leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
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ynumbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets

4.
The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the ini
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, tial step in the process?
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A) Engulfment

B) Intracellular killing fy




C) Antigen margination fy




D) Recognition and adherence fy fy




5.
Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capill
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ary permeability and pain?
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A) Serotonin
B) Histamine

C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide fy




6.
Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of t
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he following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
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A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative

D) Membranous


7. The acute- fy


phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset of inflam
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mation and includes: fy fy




A) fever and lethargy. fy fy




B) decreased C-reactive protein. fy fy




C) positive nitrogen balance. fy fy




D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
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, 8.
In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized
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by which of the following phenomena?
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A) Profuse fibrinous exudation fy fy




B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
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C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis fy fy fy




D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages fy fy fy




9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin- fy fy


1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood lead to the release of endogenou
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s pyrogens that:
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A) stabilize thermal control in the brain. fy fy fy fy fy




B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia. fy fy fy




C) block viral replication in cells.
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D) inhibit prostaglandin release. fy fy




10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
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.
to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammat
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ion in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events wi
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ll occur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
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A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces fy fy fy fy fy




B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium fy fy fy fy fy




D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris fy fy fy




11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
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. experiencing chronic inflammation? fy fy




A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
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B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
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C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
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