Understanding anatomy & Physiology
Chapter 3 & 4 Gale Sloan Thompson
questions and answers 2025/2026
active transport - answertransport process in which solutes move form an area of lesser to greater
concentration; requires energy in the form of ATP
cilia - answerhair-like processes on the surface of the cell that propel materials across the surface
Deoxyribonucleic (DNA) - answerlarge polymer of a nucleotide that carries the genetic information of a
cell
diffusion - answera passive transport mechanism that involves the movement of particles from an area
of higher to lower concentration
endocytosis - answerform of vesicular transport that brings substances into the cell
exocytosis - answerfrom of vesicular transport that releases substances out side of the cell
Facilitated diffusion - answerTransport process in which water and dissolved particles are forced across
a membrane from an are of higher to lower pressure
golgi apparatus - answerpost office of the cell
prepares proteins and packages them for export to other parts of the body
hydrostatic pressure - answerpressure exerted by water
hypertonic - answerpertain to a solution that contains a higher concentration of solutes compared to
the fluid within the cell
, hypotonic - answerpertain to a solution that contains a lower concentration of solutes compared to the
fluid within the cell
isotonic - answerpertain to a solution in which the concentration of solutes in the solution is the same as
the concentration of solutes in the cell
microvilli - answerbladder intestines
fold of a cell membrane that greatly increase the surface area of a cell to facilitate absorption
mitochondria - answerpower plant
organelle that coverts organic compounds into ATP
mitosis - answertype of cell division in which the mother cell splits in to two identical daughter cells
nucleus - answerthe most important part of the cell
the cells control center that contains a complete set of 46 chromosomes
organelles - answergives the cell its shape
the structures within the cell that perform specific task in the cellular metabolism
osmosis - answera passive transport mechanism involving the diffusion of water from an area of greater
concentration of eater to an area of lesser concentration of water
osmotic pressure - answerwater pressure that developed in a solution as a result of osmosis
phagocytosis - answerprocess in which fluids and dissolved particles are trapped in the plasma
membrane and brought into the cell
plasma membrane - answerFence keeping things in
the external boundary of the cell
Chapter 3 & 4 Gale Sloan Thompson
questions and answers 2025/2026
active transport - answertransport process in which solutes move form an area of lesser to greater
concentration; requires energy in the form of ATP
cilia - answerhair-like processes on the surface of the cell that propel materials across the surface
Deoxyribonucleic (DNA) - answerlarge polymer of a nucleotide that carries the genetic information of a
cell
diffusion - answera passive transport mechanism that involves the movement of particles from an area
of higher to lower concentration
endocytosis - answerform of vesicular transport that brings substances into the cell
exocytosis - answerfrom of vesicular transport that releases substances out side of the cell
Facilitated diffusion - answerTransport process in which water and dissolved particles are forced across
a membrane from an are of higher to lower pressure
golgi apparatus - answerpost office of the cell
prepares proteins and packages them for export to other parts of the body
hydrostatic pressure - answerpressure exerted by water
hypertonic - answerpertain to a solution that contains a higher concentration of solutes compared to
the fluid within the cell
, hypotonic - answerpertain to a solution that contains a lower concentration of solutes compared to the
fluid within the cell
isotonic - answerpertain to a solution in which the concentration of solutes in the solution is the same as
the concentration of solutes in the cell
microvilli - answerbladder intestines
fold of a cell membrane that greatly increase the surface area of a cell to facilitate absorption
mitochondria - answerpower plant
organelle that coverts organic compounds into ATP
mitosis - answertype of cell division in which the mother cell splits in to two identical daughter cells
nucleus - answerthe most important part of the cell
the cells control center that contains a complete set of 46 chromosomes
organelles - answergives the cell its shape
the structures within the cell that perform specific task in the cellular metabolism
osmosis - answera passive transport mechanism involving the diffusion of water from an area of greater
concentration of eater to an area of lesser concentration of water
osmotic pressure - answerwater pressure that developed in a solution as a result of osmosis
phagocytosis - answerprocess in which fluids and dissolved particles are trapped in the plasma
membrane and brought into the cell
plasma membrane - answerFence keeping things in
the external boundary of the cell
