PROPHECY RN PHARMACOLOGY
PRACTICE EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2025
1. A patient taking warfarin is advised to avoid excessive intake of which
vitamin due to its effect on clotting?
• Vitamin B12
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin K
• Vitamin D
Vitamin K promotes blood clotting and can antagonize the effects of
warfarin, reducing its effectiveness.
2. What is the antidote for opioid overdose?
• Flumazenil
• Acetylcysteine
,• Naloxone
• Protamine sulfate
Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist that reverses the effects of opioid
toxicity.
3. Which of the following medications requires monitoring of serum peak
and trough levels?
• Vancomycin
• Amoxicillin
• Ciprofloxacin
• Acetaminophen
Vancomycin has a narrow therapeutic index and requires monitoring
to prevent nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
4. A nurse should assess for which adverse effect in a patient taking
furosemide?
• Hyperkalemia
• Bradycardia
• Hypokalemia
• Hypertension
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss, leading to
hypokalemia.
5. What is the primary action of beta-blockers like metoprolol?
,• Increase heart rate
• Dilate bronchioles
• Decrease blood pressure and heart rate
• Increase cardiac output
Beta-blockers inhibit beta-adrenergic receptors, reducing heart rate
and contractility.
6. Which medication should not be given with sildenafil?
• Lisinopril
• Nitroglycerin
• Amlodipine
• Atorvastatin
The combination of sildenafil and nitroglycerin can cause a
dangerous drop in blood pressure.
7. What lab value is most important to monitor for a patient on digoxin?
• ALT
• Hemoglobin
• Potassium
• Creatinine
Low potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity.
8. Which of the following insulins has the fastest onset of action?
, • NPH
• Lispro
• Regular
• Glargine
Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of about 15 minutes.
9. A patient receiving gentamicin should be monitored for:
• Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
• Photosensitivity
• Hepatotoxicity
• Hyperglycemia
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside that can cause kidney damage and
hearing loss.
10. What is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril?
• Drowsiness
• Constipation
• Dry cough
• Weight gain
ACE inhibitors can cause accumulation of bradykinin, leading to a
persistent dry cough.
11. Which lab should be monitored in a patient on heparin therapy?
PRACTICE EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2025
1. A patient taking warfarin is advised to avoid excessive intake of which
vitamin due to its effect on clotting?
• Vitamin B12
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin K
• Vitamin D
Vitamin K promotes blood clotting and can antagonize the effects of
warfarin, reducing its effectiveness.
2. What is the antidote for opioid overdose?
• Flumazenil
• Acetylcysteine
,• Naloxone
• Protamine sulfate
Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist that reverses the effects of opioid
toxicity.
3. Which of the following medications requires monitoring of serum peak
and trough levels?
• Vancomycin
• Amoxicillin
• Ciprofloxacin
• Acetaminophen
Vancomycin has a narrow therapeutic index and requires monitoring
to prevent nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
4. A nurse should assess for which adverse effect in a patient taking
furosemide?
• Hyperkalemia
• Bradycardia
• Hypokalemia
• Hypertension
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss, leading to
hypokalemia.
5. What is the primary action of beta-blockers like metoprolol?
,• Increase heart rate
• Dilate bronchioles
• Decrease blood pressure and heart rate
• Increase cardiac output
Beta-blockers inhibit beta-adrenergic receptors, reducing heart rate
and contractility.
6. Which medication should not be given with sildenafil?
• Lisinopril
• Nitroglycerin
• Amlodipine
• Atorvastatin
The combination of sildenafil and nitroglycerin can cause a
dangerous drop in blood pressure.
7. What lab value is most important to monitor for a patient on digoxin?
• ALT
• Hemoglobin
• Potassium
• Creatinine
Low potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity.
8. Which of the following insulins has the fastest onset of action?
, • NPH
• Lispro
• Regular
• Glargine
Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of about 15 minutes.
9. A patient receiving gentamicin should be monitored for:
• Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
• Photosensitivity
• Hepatotoxicity
• Hyperglycemia
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside that can cause kidney damage and
hearing loss.
10. What is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril?
• Drowsiness
• Constipation
• Dry cough
• Weight gain
ACE inhibitors can cause accumulation of bradykinin, leading to a
persistent dry cough.
11. Which lab should be monitored in a patient on heparin therapy?
