CRITICAL THINKING EXAM 2024 TEST BANK FOR ATI PROCTORED EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
- premises are intended to provide probabilistic support for a conclusion. - (answer) Inductive
arguments
- If we assume the premises are true, the conclusion is likely to follow. - (answer) Strong arguments
if we assume the premises are true, the conclusion is not likely. - (answer) Weak arguments
- An inductive argument that is strong and has factually true premises. - (answer) Cogent arguments
- An inductive argument that is either weak, has a false premise, or is both weak and has false premises -
(answer) Uncogent arguments
which are errors that produce invalid arguments according to specific patterns (called their logical
structure - (answer) formal fallacies
which are arguments that cannot be reduced to errors of formal structure. - (answer) informal fallacies
This fallacy tries to elicit feelings of mercy from an audience. - (answer) appeal to pity
When an argument tries to persuade an audience by trying to elicit feelings of fear. - (answer) appeal
to fear
The idea that a conclusion should be accepted on the basis of precedent. In other words, since this is the
way we have always done something, we should continue to do it this way in the future. - (answer)
appeal to tradition
A way of responding to an argument by attacking the person advancing it rather than dealing with the
argument itself. By undermining the other person, an arguer here attempts to undermine the argument -
(answer) abusive ad hominem
, CRITICAL THINKING EXAM 2024 TEST BANK FOR ATI PROCTORED EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
These arguments suggest that, given an opponent's circumstances, the opponent is more likely to take a
particular position. It asserts that the opponent is inherently biased without ever addressing the content
of the argument. - (answer) Circumstantial Ad Hominem
When the person advocating a position is accused of acting in a way that contradicts that position. It is a
way of pointing out that an arguer's actions betray an ingenuine or apocryphal commitment to his
conclusion - (answer) tu quoqu
Sometimes this fallacy is also called "sweeping generalization." It occurs when a general rule is
misapplied to a case that is actually outside the rule. The case falls outside the normal use of the rule,
but is taken to fall within its boundaries. - (answer) accident
Either implicitly or explicitly threatening a person as a way to get him or her to accept an arguer's
conclusion. - (answer) appeal to force
when an argument asserts that everyone else believing or doing something is a reason for you to do it as
well. Normally the conclusion we are asked to accept is poorly conceived, although it's popularity is
deceiving - (answer) Bandwagon Argument
Claiming that a person should accept a conclusion, because acceptance constitutes membership of an
exclusive group. Acceptance of the conclusion is a sign of membership - something desired by the
audience - (answer) appeal to snobbery
When an arguer creates a distorted or simplified caricature of an opponent's argument and argues
against that instead of the real argument. - (answer) Straw Man Fallacy
When an arguer does not understand or deliberately distorts the implications of his or her own
argument. This occurs by drawing the wrong conclusion from a set of premises. - (answer) missing the
point
Completely changing the subject. Red herring is different from missing the point in that the latter
remains vaguely on topic. A red herring fallacy occurs when an arguer diverts an opponent's attention
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
- premises are intended to provide probabilistic support for a conclusion. - (answer) Inductive
arguments
- If we assume the premises are true, the conclusion is likely to follow. - (answer) Strong arguments
if we assume the premises are true, the conclusion is not likely. - (answer) Weak arguments
- An inductive argument that is strong and has factually true premises. - (answer) Cogent arguments
- An inductive argument that is either weak, has a false premise, or is both weak and has false premises -
(answer) Uncogent arguments
which are errors that produce invalid arguments according to specific patterns (called their logical
structure - (answer) formal fallacies
which are arguments that cannot be reduced to errors of formal structure. - (answer) informal fallacies
This fallacy tries to elicit feelings of mercy from an audience. - (answer) appeal to pity
When an argument tries to persuade an audience by trying to elicit feelings of fear. - (answer) appeal
to fear
The idea that a conclusion should be accepted on the basis of precedent. In other words, since this is the
way we have always done something, we should continue to do it this way in the future. - (answer)
appeal to tradition
A way of responding to an argument by attacking the person advancing it rather than dealing with the
argument itself. By undermining the other person, an arguer here attempts to undermine the argument -
(answer) abusive ad hominem
, CRITICAL THINKING EXAM 2024 TEST BANK FOR ATI PROCTORED EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
These arguments suggest that, given an opponent's circumstances, the opponent is more likely to take a
particular position. It asserts that the opponent is inherently biased without ever addressing the content
of the argument. - (answer) Circumstantial Ad Hominem
When the person advocating a position is accused of acting in a way that contradicts that position. It is a
way of pointing out that an arguer's actions betray an ingenuine or apocryphal commitment to his
conclusion - (answer) tu quoqu
Sometimes this fallacy is also called "sweeping generalization." It occurs when a general rule is
misapplied to a case that is actually outside the rule. The case falls outside the normal use of the rule,
but is taken to fall within its boundaries. - (answer) accident
Either implicitly or explicitly threatening a person as a way to get him or her to accept an arguer's
conclusion. - (answer) appeal to force
when an argument asserts that everyone else believing or doing something is a reason for you to do it as
well. Normally the conclusion we are asked to accept is poorly conceived, although it's popularity is
deceiving - (answer) Bandwagon Argument
Claiming that a person should accept a conclusion, because acceptance constitutes membership of an
exclusive group. Acceptance of the conclusion is a sign of membership - something desired by the
audience - (answer) appeal to snobbery
When an arguer creates a distorted or simplified caricature of an opponent's argument and argues
against that instead of the real argument. - (answer) Straw Man Fallacy
When an arguer does not understand or deliberately distorts the implications of his or her own
argument. This occurs by drawing the wrong conclusion from a set of premises. - (answer) missing the
point
Completely changing the subject. Red herring is different from missing the point in that the latter
remains vaguely on topic. A red herring fallacy occurs when an arguer diverts an opponent's attention
