PRINCIPLES OF ENGINEERING SEMESTER FINAL STUDY GUIDE
Effort Force An external force applied to an object
The ratio of useful energy output to the
total energy input, or the percentage of
Efficiency
the work input that is converted to work
output
The resistance that one surface or object
Friction
encounters when moving over another
A circular toothed object used to transfer
Gear rotary motion and torque through inter-
locking tenth
Ratio of distance traveled by the applied
Ideal Mechanical Advantage effort and resistance force within a sys-
tem
A rigid bar used to exert a pressure or
sustain a weight at one point of its length
Lever
by the application of a force at a second
and turning at a third on a fulcrum
The structure of or the relationship of the
Mechanism parts in a machine, or in a construction
or process comparable to a machine
The turning effect of a force about a point
equal to the magnitude of the force times
Moment
the perpendicular distance form the point
to the line of action from the force
Impeding effect exerted by one material
Resistance Force
object on another
Any various elementary mechanisms in-
cluding the lever, the wheel and axle, the
Simple Machine
pulley, the inclined place, the wedge, and
the screw
A condition where there are no net exter-
nal forces acting upon a particle or rigid
Static Equilibrium
body and the body remains at the rest of
continues at a constant velocity
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, A force that produces or tends to produce
Torque
rotation or torsion
Any source of energy other than fossil fu-
Alternative Energy
els that is used for constructive purposes
The unit of electrical current in the me-
Ampere ter-kilogram-second system of units. Re-
ferred to as amp and symbolized as A
Amps Flow of electrons
Plant materials and animal waste used
Biomass
especially as a source of fuel
The net transfer of electric charge (elec-
Current tron movement along a path) per unit of
time
Energy causes by the movement of elec-
Electrical Energy
trons
Electricity The flow of electrical power or charge
The ratio of the useful energy delivered
Efficiency by a dynamic system to the energy sup-
plies to it
A fundamental entity of nature that is
transferred between parts of a system in
Energy the procedure of physical change within
the system and usually regarded as the
capacity for doing work
Energy Conversion Changing one form of energy to another
A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed
Fossil Fuel in the geological past from the emails of
living organisms
The use of heat from within the Earth or
Geothermal Energy
from the atmosphere near oceans
The production of an electric or magnetic
Induction state by the proximity (without contact) of
an electrified or magnetized body
Inexhaustible Energy An energy source that will never run out
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Effort Force An external force applied to an object
The ratio of useful energy output to the
total energy input, or the percentage of
Efficiency
the work input that is converted to work
output
The resistance that one surface or object
Friction
encounters when moving over another
A circular toothed object used to transfer
Gear rotary motion and torque through inter-
locking tenth
Ratio of distance traveled by the applied
Ideal Mechanical Advantage effort and resistance force within a sys-
tem
A rigid bar used to exert a pressure or
sustain a weight at one point of its length
Lever
by the application of a force at a second
and turning at a third on a fulcrum
The structure of or the relationship of the
Mechanism parts in a machine, or in a construction
or process comparable to a machine
The turning effect of a force about a point
equal to the magnitude of the force times
Moment
the perpendicular distance form the point
to the line of action from the force
Impeding effect exerted by one material
Resistance Force
object on another
Any various elementary mechanisms in-
cluding the lever, the wheel and axle, the
Simple Machine
pulley, the inclined place, the wedge, and
the screw
A condition where there are no net exter-
nal forces acting upon a particle or rigid
Static Equilibrium
body and the body remains at the rest of
continues at a constant velocity
1/8
, A force that produces or tends to produce
Torque
rotation or torsion
Any source of energy other than fossil fu-
Alternative Energy
els that is used for constructive purposes
The unit of electrical current in the me-
Ampere ter-kilogram-second system of units. Re-
ferred to as amp and symbolized as A
Amps Flow of electrons
Plant materials and animal waste used
Biomass
especially as a source of fuel
The net transfer of electric charge (elec-
Current tron movement along a path) per unit of
time
Energy causes by the movement of elec-
Electrical Energy
trons
Electricity The flow of electrical power or charge
The ratio of the useful energy delivered
Efficiency by a dynamic system to the energy sup-
plies to it
A fundamental entity of nature that is
transferred between parts of a system in
Energy the procedure of physical change within
the system and usually regarded as the
capacity for doing work
Energy Conversion Changing one form of energy to another
A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed
Fossil Fuel in the geological past from the emails of
living organisms
The use of heat from within the Earth or
Geothermal Energy
from the atmosphere near oceans
The production of an electric or magnetic
Induction state by the proximity (without contact) of
an electrified or magnetized body
Inexhaustible Energy An energy source that will never run out
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