NSG 533 Exam 2 2025 Questions and
Answers
genetics - ....ANSWER ...-study of inherited traits and their variation (individual)
genome - ....ANSWER ...-total genetic composition of an organism or species
(group)
genomics - ....ANSWER ...-molecular analysis of the entire genome of a species
gene - ....ANSWER ...-basic unit of heredity
list the four types of mendelian inheritance - ....ANSWER ...-1. autosomal
dominant
2. autosomal recessive
3. X-linked dominant
4. X-linked recessive
autosomal dominant - ....ANSWER ...-- phenotype is expressed in those who have
1 copy of a gene mutation
- mothers and fathers are equally likely to transmit or inherit the disorder
…FOR STUDENTS ONLY…©️2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED… 1
,- seen in multiple generations
autosomal recessive - ....ANSWER ...-- requires presence of 2 copies of a gene
mutation in order to express phenotype
- usually seen in a single generation
- mothers/fathers equally likely to transmit or inherit disorder
X-linked dominant - ....ANSWER ...-- dominant disorder caused by a mutation in a
gene on the X chromosome
- heterozygous female (XAXa) and hemizygous male (XAY)
- affected males have more severe phenotype
X-Linked Recessive - ....ANSWER ...-mutation on gene in X chromosome causes
phenotype to be expressed in hemizygous males (XaY) and homozygous females (XaXa)
types of X-linked recessive disorders - ....ANSWER ...-1. duchene muscular
dystrophy
2. hemophilia
3. color blindness
examples of X-Linked dominant disorders - ....ANSWER ...-1. Fragile X syndrome
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, 2. Rett syndrome
examples of Autosomal Dominant disorders - ....ANSWER ...--Marfan syndrome
-Huntington disease
examples of Autosomal Recessive disorders - ....ANSWER ...-- cystic fibrosis
- sickle cell anemia
- PKU
- Tay-Sachs
types of genetic inheritance - ....ANSWER ...-1. mendelian inheritance
2. non-mendelian inheritance
types of non-mendelian inheritance - ....ANSWER ...-1. mitochondrial inheritance
2. genomic imprinting
3. uniparental disomy
mitochondrial inheritance - ....ANSWER ...-only females will transmit disease to
their offspring
- the ova contains mitochondria, sperm does not
genomic imprinting - ....ANSWER ...-- gene from mother or father may be
imprinted (silenced)
- if allele from mother is imprinted, only allele from father will be expressed
…FOR STUDENTS ONLY…©️2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED… 3
Answers
genetics - ....ANSWER ...-study of inherited traits and their variation (individual)
genome - ....ANSWER ...-total genetic composition of an organism or species
(group)
genomics - ....ANSWER ...-molecular analysis of the entire genome of a species
gene - ....ANSWER ...-basic unit of heredity
list the four types of mendelian inheritance - ....ANSWER ...-1. autosomal
dominant
2. autosomal recessive
3. X-linked dominant
4. X-linked recessive
autosomal dominant - ....ANSWER ...-- phenotype is expressed in those who have
1 copy of a gene mutation
- mothers and fathers are equally likely to transmit or inherit the disorder
…FOR STUDENTS ONLY…©️2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED… 1
,- seen in multiple generations
autosomal recessive - ....ANSWER ...-- requires presence of 2 copies of a gene
mutation in order to express phenotype
- usually seen in a single generation
- mothers/fathers equally likely to transmit or inherit disorder
X-linked dominant - ....ANSWER ...-- dominant disorder caused by a mutation in a
gene on the X chromosome
- heterozygous female (XAXa) and hemizygous male (XAY)
- affected males have more severe phenotype
X-Linked Recessive - ....ANSWER ...-mutation on gene in X chromosome causes
phenotype to be expressed in hemizygous males (XaY) and homozygous females (XaXa)
types of X-linked recessive disorders - ....ANSWER ...-1. duchene muscular
dystrophy
2. hemophilia
3. color blindness
examples of X-Linked dominant disorders - ....ANSWER ...-1. Fragile X syndrome
…FOR STUDENTS ONLY…©️2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED… 2
, 2. Rett syndrome
examples of Autosomal Dominant disorders - ....ANSWER ...--Marfan syndrome
-Huntington disease
examples of Autosomal Recessive disorders - ....ANSWER ...-- cystic fibrosis
- sickle cell anemia
- PKU
- Tay-Sachs
types of genetic inheritance - ....ANSWER ...-1. mendelian inheritance
2. non-mendelian inheritance
types of non-mendelian inheritance - ....ANSWER ...-1. mitochondrial inheritance
2. genomic imprinting
3. uniparental disomy
mitochondrial inheritance - ....ANSWER ...-only females will transmit disease to
their offspring
- the ova contains mitochondria, sperm does not
genomic imprinting - ....ANSWER ...-- gene from mother or father may be
imprinted (silenced)
- if allele from mother is imprinted, only allele from father will be expressed
…FOR STUDENTS ONLY…©️2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED… 3
