MEDSURG ATI FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
What is allopurinol?
If a nurse accidentally gave atenolol (beta blocker) instead of allopurinol for a patient with gout, what
would they do first?
A. Contact patient's provider
B. Inform the charge nurse
C. Obtain patient's blood pressure
D. Complete incident report - (answer) A uric acid inhibitor used to treat gout
The nurse needs to get their blood pressure. Atenolol is a beta blocker, so it is used to lower blood
pressure and an adverse effect of atenolol is hypotension so check that BP
What is cyclobenzaprine?
What kind of effects does cyclobenzaprine cause?
What is a true statement from the patient about Cyclobenzaprine?
A. I will have increased saliva production
B. I will continue taking the medication until the rash disappears
C. I will taper off the medicine before discontinuing it
D. I will report any urinary incontinence - (answer) >Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant given to treat
pain, stiffness, muscles injuries
>It causes anticholinergic effects like can't pee/urinary retention, dry mouth, constipation, blurred
vision. anticholinergic= can't pee, see, spit, poop
A. wrong, they will have decreased saliva production
B. wrong, not used to treat rash
C. TRUE, if they get off of Cyclobenzaprine too fast it will cause abstinence syndrome/ withdrawals. They
need to slowly decrease dosage to get off of it
D. wrong, they will have urinary retention. Urinary incontinence is when u piss urself. They won't be able
to pee bc of the anticholinergic effects
,MEDSURG ATI FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
What is Morphine used for?
What are the effects of Morphine? - (answer) Morphine is used for moderate to severe pain relief
-analgesia
-euphoria
-sedation
-decreased ability to concentrate
>cough suppression
>skeletal muscle rigidity
>biliary spasm
>decreased gastric emptying
>constipation
>nausea and vomiting
How do you know that morphine has been effective for a patient? - (answer) Their pain scale!
Not based on vital signs, not based on resting comfortably with eyes closed
What is Cefazolin used for?
If a patient takes Cefazolin and then has anxiety, hypotension and dyspnea, what is happening to them?
What medication should the nurse administer? - (answer) An antibiotic used to typically treat Cellulitis
and Surgical Prophylaxis
>The patient is experiencing anaphylaxis so you need to give them Epinephrine first to induce
vasoconstriction and bronchodilation
After giving epi, we can give:
>Then we give Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine to decrease angioedema/hives and urticaria/itchy
hives from the anaphylaxis
, MEDSURG ATI FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
>Should also give albuterol inhaler
>Should also give Prednisone, a glucocorticoid/Steroid to prevent another anaphylactic reaction
What is Oxybutynin used for?
What adverse effects should a nurse tell a patient to expect from taking Oxybutynin? - (answer) A
bladder relaxant:
1. To treat overactive bladder
2. Bladder spasms
3. Dysuria
Oxybutynin is an ANTICHOLINERGIC agent so it will cause Dry mouth, Dry eyes, Blurred vision,
hypertension, tachycardia and increased intraocular pressure. Tell the patient to report eye pain, if they
see colored halos around lights and a decreased ability to perceive light changes
What is Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate?
What adverse effects can sodium polystyrene sulfonate cause? - (answer) Also called Kayexalate. Used
to treat hyperKalemia and bring down potassium levels. It works by binding potassium together in the GI
tract to make you poop more out
Adverse effects: Constipation, nausea, loss of appetite, increase thirst, confusion, diarrhea
What is heparin?
Who are we giving heparin to?
How is heparin given? - (answer) >An anticoagulant (blood thinner) that prevents the formation of
blood clots.
>Usually give heparin to people with DVT, pulmonary embolism, atrial fibrillation, those that have to be
on bed rest for a while.
>Heparin is usually given subcutaneously and administered outside a 5cm radius from the umbilicus.
>Do not aspirate for blood before injecting
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
What is allopurinol?
If a nurse accidentally gave atenolol (beta blocker) instead of allopurinol for a patient with gout, what
would they do first?
A. Contact patient's provider
B. Inform the charge nurse
C. Obtain patient's blood pressure
D. Complete incident report - (answer) A uric acid inhibitor used to treat gout
The nurse needs to get their blood pressure. Atenolol is a beta blocker, so it is used to lower blood
pressure and an adverse effect of atenolol is hypotension so check that BP
What is cyclobenzaprine?
What kind of effects does cyclobenzaprine cause?
What is a true statement from the patient about Cyclobenzaprine?
A. I will have increased saliva production
B. I will continue taking the medication until the rash disappears
C. I will taper off the medicine before discontinuing it
D. I will report any urinary incontinence - (answer) >Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant given to treat
pain, stiffness, muscles injuries
>It causes anticholinergic effects like can't pee/urinary retention, dry mouth, constipation, blurred
vision. anticholinergic= can't pee, see, spit, poop
A. wrong, they will have decreased saliva production
B. wrong, not used to treat rash
C. TRUE, if they get off of Cyclobenzaprine too fast it will cause abstinence syndrome/ withdrawals. They
need to slowly decrease dosage to get off of it
D. wrong, they will have urinary retention. Urinary incontinence is when u piss urself. They won't be able
to pee bc of the anticholinergic effects
,MEDSURG ATI FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
What is Morphine used for?
What are the effects of Morphine? - (answer) Morphine is used for moderate to severe pain relief
-analgesia
-euphoria
-sedation
-decreased ability to concentrate
>cough suppression
>skeletal muscle rigidity
>biliary spasm
>decreased gastric emptying
>constipation
>nausea and vomiting
How do you know that morphine has been effective for a patient? - (answer) Their pain scale!
Not based on vital signs, not based on resting comfortably with eyes closed
What is Cefazolin used for?
If a patient takes Cefazolin and then has anxiety, hypotension and dyspnea, what is happening to them?
What medication should the nurse administer? - (answer) An antibiotic used to typically treat Cellulitis
and Surgical Prophylaxis
>The patient is experiencing anaphylaxis so you need to give them Epinephrine first to induce
vasoconstriction and bronchodilation
After giving epi, we can give:
>Then we give Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine to decrease angioedema/hives and urticaria/itchy
hives from the anaphylaxis
, MEDSURG ATI FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
>Should also give albuterol inhaler
>Should also give Prednisone, a glucocorticoid/Steroid to prevent another anaphylactic reaction
What is Oxybutynin used for?
What adverse effects should a nurse tell a patient to expect from taking Oxybutynin? - (answer) A
bladder relaxant:
1. To treat overactive bladder
2. Bladder spasms
3. Dysuria
Oxybutynin is an ANTICHOLINERGIC agent so it will cause Dry mouth, Dry eyes, Blurred vision,
hypertension, tachycardia and increased intraocular pressure. Tell the patient to report eye pain, if they
see colored halos around lights and a decreased ability to perceive light changes
What is Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate?
What adverse effects can sodium polystyrene sulfonate cause? - (answer) Also called Kayexalate. Used
to treat hyperKalemia and bring down potassium levels. It works by binding potassium together in the GI
tract to make you poop more out
Adverse effects: Constipation, nausea, loss of appetite, increase thirst, confusion, diarrhea
What is heparin?
Who are we giving heparin to?
How is heparin given? - (answer) >An anticoagulant (blood thinner) that prevents the formation of
blood clots.
>Usually give heparin to people with DVT, pulmonary embolism, atrial fibrillation, those that have to be
on bed rest for a while.
>Heparin is usually given subcutaneously and administered outside a 5cm radius from the umbilicus.
>Do not aspirate for blood before injecting
