UARK Physiology Exam 1 Questions and
Answers
CHAPTER 1 - -CHAPTER 1
- Define physiology - -The study of how the body functions. Including
functions from the cellular to organismal level.
- Define Pathophysiology - -When physiology is not functioning properly.
Disease
- What are the levels of organization of the body? - -atom, molecule,
macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
- What are the four types of tissue found in the body? - --Connective tissue
-Epithelial tissue
-Nervous tissue
-Muscle tissue
- Structure and function of epithelial tissue - -Secretion and Absorption
Protection
- Common locations of epithelial tissue - -Linings and coverings of organs
and cavities
- Structure and function of connective tissue - -Connects, anchors, and
supports structures in the body
Living cells found in an extracellular matrix
Extracellular matrix is composed of protein fibers (eg. Collagen) and other
materials.
- Examples of connective tissue - -Bone
Cartilage
Adipose tissue (fat)
Blood
- Examples of muscle tissue - -Skeletal - voluntary
Cardiac - involuntary
Smooth - involuntary
- Structure and function of nervous tissue - -Made of neurons and support
cells (glial cells)
Neurons generate electrical signals
Control activities of other cells
, - Examples of nervous tissue - -Comprise:
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
- List of organ systems - -Circulatory, Digestive, Endocrine, Immune,
Intergumentary, Lymphatic, Musculoskeletal, Nervous, Reproductive,
Respiratory, Urinary
- Urinary System - -Made up of: Kidney, Ureters, bladder, Urethra
Function: Regulates the composition of blood plasma through excretion of
salts, water and organic wastes.
- Circulatory System - -Made up of: Blood vessels, heart, blood
Function: transport throughout the body - Transport:
Nutrients, Wastes, Oxygen and carbon dioxide, Hormones
- Nervous System - -Made up of: Brain, Spinal cord, nerves
Function: Regulation and coordination of activities in the body. Detecting and
responding to changes in the internal and external environments. States of
consciousness, Learning, memory, emotions
- Endocrine System - -Made up of: All glands or organs secreting hormones -
pancreas, testes, ovaries, hypothalamus, kidneys, pituitary, thyroid,
parathyroids, adrenals, stomach, small intestine, liver, adipose tissue, heart,
pineal gland, all endocrine cells in other organs
Function: Regulation and coordination of many activities in the body,
including growth, metabolism, reproduction, blood pressure, water and
electrolyte balance
- Respiratory System - -Made up of: Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi,
lungs
Function: Exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen; regulation of hydrogen ion
concentration in body fluids
- Lymphatic System - -Made up of: Lymph vessels, lymph nodes
Function: collection of extracellular fluid for return to blood; participation in
immune defenses; absorption of fats from digestive system
Answers
CHAPTER 1 - -CHAPTER 1
- Define physiology - -The study of how the body functions. Including
functions from the cellular to organismal level.
- Define Pathophysiology - -When physiology is not functioning properly.
Disease
- What are the levels of organization of the body? - -atom, molecule,
macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
- What are the four types of tissue found in the body? - --Connective tissue
-Epithelial tissue
-Nervous tissue
-Muscle tissue
- Structure and function of epithelial tissue - -Secretion and Absorption
Protection
- Common locations of epithelial tissue - -Linings and coverings of organs
and cavities
- Structure and function of connective tissue - -Connects, anchors, and
supports structures in the body
Living cells found in an extracellular matrix
Extracellular matrix is composed of protein fibers (eg. Collagen) and other
materials.
- Examples of connective tissue - -Bone
Cartilage
Adipose tissue (fat)
Blood
- Examples of muscle tissue - -Skeletal - voluntary
Cardiac - involuntary
Smooth - involuntary
- Structure and function of nervous tissue - -Made of neurons and support
cells (glial cells)
Neurons generate electrical signals
Control activities of other cells
, - Examples of nervous tissue - -Comprise:
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
- List of organ systems - -Circulatory, Digestive, Endocrine, Immune,
Intergumentary, Lymphatic, Musculoskeletal, Nervous, Reproductive,
Respiratory, Urinary
- Urinary System - -Made up of: Kidney, Ureters, bladder, Urethra
Function: Regulates the composition of blood plasma through excretion of
salts, water and organic wastes.
- Circulatory System - -Made up of: Blood vessels, heart, blood
Function: transport throughout the body - Transport:
Nutrients, Wastes, Oxygen and carbon dioxide, Hormones
- Nervous System - -Made up of: Brain, Spinal cord, nerves
Function: Regulation and coordination of activities in the body. Detecting and
responding to changes in the internal and external environments. States of
consciousness, Learning, memory, emotions
- Endocrine System - -Made up of: All glands or organs secreting hormones -
pancreas, testes, ovaries, hypothalamus, kidneys, pituitary, thyroid,
parathyroids, adrenals, stomach, small intestine, liver, adipose tissue, heart,
pineal gland, all endocrine cells in other organs
Function: Regulation and coordination of many activities in the body,
including growth, metabolism, reproduction, blood pressure, water and
electrolyte balance
- Respiratory System - -Made up of: Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi,
lungs
Function: Exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen; regulation of hydrogen ion
concentration in body fluids
- Lymphatic System - -Made up of: Lymph vessels, lymph nodes
Function: collection of extracellular fluid for return to blood; participation in
immune defenses; absorption of fats from digestive system
