PALS ALL QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.
A 9-year-old boy is agitated and leaning forward on the bed in obvious respiratory distress. The
patient is speaking in short phrases and tells you that he has asthma but does not carry an inhaler.
He has nasal flaring, severe suprasternal and intercostal retractions, and decreased air movement
with prolonged expiratory time and wheezing. You administer 100% oxygen by a nonrebreathing
mask. His SpO, is 92%. Which medication do you prepare to give to this patient? - Albuterol
You are part of a team attempting to resuscitate a child with ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest.
You delivered 2 unsynchronized shocks. A team member established I access, so you give a dose
of epinephrine, 0.01 mg/kg IO. At the next rhythm check, persistent ventricular fibrillation is
present. You administer a 4-J/kg shock and resume CPR. Which drug and dose should be
administered next? - Amiodarone 5 mq/kg IO
You are called to help treat an infant with severe symptomatic bradycardia (heart rate 66/min)
associated with respiratory distress. The bradycardia persists despite establishment of an
effective airway, oxygenation, and ventilation. There is no heart block present. Which is the first
drug you should administer? - Epinephrine
Which statement is correct about the effects of epinephrine during attempted resuscitation? -
Epinephrine stimulates spontaneous contractions when asystole is present
Initial impression of a 2-year-old girl shows her to be alert with mild breathing difficulty during
inspiration and pale skin color. On primary assessment, she makes high-pitched inspiratory
sounds (mild stridor) when agitated; otherwise, her breathing is quiet. Her SpO2 is 92% on room
air, and she has mild inspiratory intercostal retractions. Lung auscultation reveals transmitted
upper airway sounds with adequate distal breath sounds bilaterally. Which is the most
appropriate initial intervention for this child? - Humidified oxygen as tolerated
Which statement is correct about the use of calcium chloride in pediatric patients? - Routine
administration is not indicated during cardiac arrest
You find a 10-year-old boy to be unresponsive. You shout for help, and after finding that he is
not breathing and has no pulse, you and a colleague begin CPR. Another colleague activates the
emergency response system, brings the emergency equipment, and places the child on a cardiac
monitor/defibrillator, which reveals the rhythm shown here. You attempt defibrillation at 2 J/kg
and give 2 minutes of CPR. The rhythm persists at the second rhythm check, at which point you
attempt defibrillation with 4 J/kg. A fourth colleague arrives, starts an IV, and administers 1 dose
of epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg. If ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia persists
after 2 minutes of CPR, you will administer another shock. Which drug and dose should be
administered next? - Lidocaine 1 mg/kg IV
A 4-year-old boy is in pulseless arrest in the pediatric intensive care unit. High-quality CPR is in
progress. You quickly review his chart and find that his baseline-corrected OT interval on a 12-
lead ECG is prolonged. The monitor shows recurrent episodes of the rhythm shown here. The
A 9-year-old boy is agitated and leaning forward on the bed in obvious respiratory distress. The
patient is speaking in short phrases and tells you that he has asthma but does not carry an inhaler.
He has nasal flaring, severe suprasternal and intercostal retractions, and decreased air movement
with prolonged expiratory time and wheezing. You administer 100% oxygen by a nonrebreathing
mask. His SpO, is 92%. Which medication do you prepare to give to this patient? - Albuterol
You are part of a team attempting to resuscitate a child with ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest.
You delivered 2 unsynchronized shocks. A team member established I access, so you give a dose
of epinephrine, 0.01 mg/kg IO. At the next rhythm check, persistent ventricular fibrillation is
present. You administer a 4-J/kg shock and resume CPR. Which drug and dose should be
administered next? - Amiodarone 5 mq/kg IO
You are called to help treat an infant with severe symptomatic bradycardia (heart rate 66/min)
associated with respiratory distress. The bradycardia persists despite establishment of an
effective airway, oxygenation, and ventilation. There is no heart block present. Which is the first
drug you should administer? - Epinephrine
Which statement is correct about the effects of epinephrine during attempted resuscitation? -
Epinephrine stimulates spontaneous contractions when asystole is present
Initial impression of a 2-year-old girl shows her to be alert with mild breathing difficulty during
inspiration and pale skin color. On primary assessment, she makes high-pitched inspiratory
sounds (mild stridor) when agitated; otherwise, her breathing is quiet. Her SpO2 is 92% on room
air, and she has mild inspiratory intercostal retractions. Lung auscultation reveals transmitted
upper airway sounds with adequate distal breath sounds bilaterally. Which is the most
appropriate initial intervention for this child? - Humidified oxygen as tolerated
Which statement is correct about the use of calcium chloride in pediatric patients? - Routine
administration is not indicated during cardiac arrest
You find a 10-year-old boy to be unresponsive. You shout for help, and after finding that he is
not breathing and has no pulse, you and a colleague begin CPR. Another colleague activates the
emergency response system, brings the emergency equipment, and places the child on a cardiac
monitor/defibrillator, which reveals the rhythm shown here. You attempt defibrillation at 2 J/kg
and give 2 minutes of CPR. The rhythm persists at the second rhythm check, at which point you
attempt defibrillation with 4 J/kg. A fourth colleague arrives, starts an IV, and administers 1 dose
of epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg. If ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia persists
after 2 minutes of CPR, you will administer another shock. Which drug and dose should be
administered next? - Lidocaine 1 mg/kg IV
A 4-year-old boy is in pulseless arrest in the pediatric intensive care unit. High-quality CPR is in
progress. You quickly review his chart and find that his baseline-corrected OT interval on a 12-
lead ECG is prolonged. The monitor shows recurrent episodes of the rhythm shown here. The
