ARE 112 Final Lundblad QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATED
A+
Behavioral approach: an attempt to increase production by understanding people as it is easier to
change the organization than to change the people - different than the Taylor approach
Hawthorne experiment( By Elton Mayo) - Series of studies that examined the effects of various
factors on worker productivity.
Two groups were studied from the scientific management perspective on the effects of differing
working conditions but the results were not as planned
a. In the assembly test rooms there was no difference in productivity between the room with the
same amount of light and the room with differing amounts of light that could be caused merely
by the change in the illumination.
b. In the wiring room experiment where the pay was on a piecework basis, the workers told the
faster workers to slow down.
c. Started the human relations movement and subsequently the field of organizational behavior.
d. Starts a shift away from just the scientific approach of management now to include the human
and social concerns to increase productivity along with scientific management approach.
Maslow hierarchy of needs - Theory of human motivation that prioritizes needs in a hierarchical
order.
a. Physiological needs: food, water, physical well being
b. Safety needs: shelter, protection, stability
c. Social needs: love, affection, belongingness
d. Esteem needs: respect, prestige, mastery
e. Self-actualization needs: self-fulfillment, growth
f. So people have deficits in these needs and they work to satisfy these needs in the hierarchy
from physiological needs up to self-actualization needs.
Theory X - Management theory that assumes employees are inherently lazy and need to be
controlled.
Theory Y - Management theory that assumes employees are motivated and can be self-directed.
Management science approach - Management approach that applies scientific methods and
quantitative techniques to decision-making.
Value and beliefs - The principles and convictions that guide an individual or organization's
behavior.
Types of conflicts - Substantive, emotional, functional, and dysfunctional conflicts that can arise
in organizations.
Consensus problem solving - Collaborative approach to decision-making that aims to reach
agreement among stakeholders.
, BATNA - Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement - the alternative option if a negotiation
fails.
Sociotechnical System approach (STS) - Management approach that considers the interaction
between social and technical factors in organizations.
One of the earliest applications of the sociotechnical systems concept was in British coal mining.
The traditional "short wall" method utilized small, cohesive work groups working as autonomous
teams. Technological advances by engineering efficiency experts determined that the short wall
method was inefficient, and introduced an improved technical system termed the "long wall"
method.
Coercive power - Power based on the ability to punish or impose negative consequences.
Legitimate power - Power derived from a formal position or authority within an organization.
Expert power - Power based on possessing specialized knowledge or skills.
Referent power - Power derived from admiration, respect, or identification with a person.
Phase method (Change Method) - 1. Unfreezing - prepare for change
2. Changes
3. Refreezing - change is stabilized
The Duke and Deloitte cases are examples
Four P's - Marketing mix elements: product, price, place, and promotion. Ties into target market
BCG Growth/Share Matrix - Strategic tool for analyzing a company's portfolio of products or
business units.
Cash cows
Stars
Question marks
Dogs
Market share and cash generated
Market growth and cash usage
SWOT - Analysis of a company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
1. Need lots of details
2. Internal analysis includes organizational competencies such as the targets for transformation
change
3. External analysis includes the driving forces for transformational change
Porter's Five Forces - Framework for analyzing the competitive forces in an industry.
• Suppliers
• Customers or buyers
• Substitutes
A+
Behavioral approach: an attempt to increase production by understanding people as it is easier to
change the organization than to change the people - different than the Taylor approach
Hawthorne experiment( By Elton Mayo) - Series of studies that examined the effects of various
factors on worker productivity.
Two groups were studied from the scientific management perspective on the effects of differing
working conditions but the results were not as planned
a. In the assembly test rooms there was no difference in productivity between the room with the
same amount of light and the room with differing amounts of light that could be caused merely
by the change in the illumination.
b. In the wiring room experiment where the pay was on a piecework basis, the workers told the
faster workers to slow down.
c. Started the human relations movement and subsequently the field of organizational behavior.
d. Starts a shift away from just the scientific approach of management now to include the human
and social concerns to increase productivity along with scientific management approach.
Maslow hierarchy of needs - Theory of human motivation that prioritizes needs in a hierarchical
order.
a. Physiological needs: food, water, physical well being
b. Safety needs: shelter, protection, stability
c. Social needs: love, affection, belongingness
d. Esteem needs: respect, prestige, mastery
e. Self-actualization needs: self-fulfillment, growth
f. So people have deficits in these needs and they work to satisfy these needs in the hierarchy
from physiological needs up to self-actualization needs.
Theory X - Management theory that assumes employees are inherently lazy and need to be
controlled.
Theory Y - Management theory that assumes employees are motivated and can be self-directed.
Management science approach - Management approach that applies scientific methods and
quantitative techniques to decision-making.
Value and beliefs - The principles and convictions that guide an individual or organization's
behavior.
Types of conflicts - Substantive, emotional, functional, and dysfunctional conflicts that can arise
in organizations.
Consensus problem solving - Collaborative approach to decision-making that aims to reach
agreement among stakeholders.
, BATNA - Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement - the alternative option if a negotiation
fails.
Sociotechnical System approach (STS) - Management approach that considers the interaction
between social and technical factors in organizations.
One of the earliest applications of the sociotechnical systems concept was in British coal mining.
The traditional "short wall" method utilized small, cohesive work groups working as autonomous
teams. Technological advances by engineering efficiency experts determined that the short wall
method was inefficient, and introduced an improved technical system termed the "long wall"
method.
Coercive power - Power based on the ability to punish or impose negative consequences.
Legitimate power - Power derived from a formal position or authority within an organization.
Expert power - Power based on possessing specialized knowledge or skills.
Referent power - Power derived from admiration, respect, or identification with a person.
Phase method (Change Method) - 1. Unfreezing - prepare for change
2. Changes
3. Refreezing - change is stabilized
The Duke and Deloitte cases are examples
Four P's - Marketing mix elements: product, price, place, and promotion. Ties into target market
BCG Growth/Share Matrix - Strategic tool for analyzing a company's portfolio of products or
business units.
Cash cows
Stars
Question marks
Dogs
Market share and cash generated
Market growth and cash usage
SWOT - Analysis of a company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
1. Need lots of details
2. Internal analysis includes organizational competencies such as the targets for transformation
change
3. External analysis includes the driving forces for transformational change
Porter's Five Forces - Framework for analyzing the competitive forces in an industry.
• Suppliers
• Customers or buyers
• Substitutes
