Bio 256 Comprehensive Exam 2025 Actual exam (Testing Real Exam
BIOS256: Comprehensive Exam
Questions)and verified Answers ( 100% accurate) GET IT RIGHT!!
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1. What is the dif- Passive processes require no energy, while active processes require energy
ference between to move substances across the membrane.
passive and active
processes in cellular
transport?
2. What are the types Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
of passive process-
es?
3. What is simple diffu- Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of
sion? lower concentration, moving down the concentration gradient.
4. What factors affect Temperature, molecular weight, steepness of concentration gradient, mem-
the rate of diffusion brane surface area, and membrane permeability.
through a mem-
brane?
5. What is facilitated Similar to diffusion, but molecules are ferried across the membrane by a
diffusion? carrier allowed entrance by a channel.
, BIOS256: Comprehensive Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hevtwj
6. What is osmosis? The movement of water from regions of higher concentration to regions
of lower concentration or water moving toward a higher concentration of
solutes.
7. What are the three Hypertonic (cell shrinks), isotonic (cell remains the same), and hypotonic (cell
types of tonicity? swells and may burst).
8. What is active trans- The movement of substances from an area of lower concentration to an area
port? of higher concentration, against the concentration gradient, requiring ATP
energy.
9. Sodium-Potassium Pump (Na+-K+ ATPase), endocytosis, and exocytosis.
, BIOS256: Comprehensive Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hevtwj
What are the types
of active transport?
10. What are mem- Flat sheets of pliable tissue that cover or line parts of the body.
branes?
11. What are the two Epithelial membranes (mucous, serous, cutaneous) and synovial mem-
types of mem- branes.
branes?
12. What are the four Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues.
basic types of tis-
sues in the human
body?
13. What are the four Keratinocytes, melanocytes, intraepidermal macrophages (Langerhans cells),
major types of cells and tactile epithelial cells (Merkel cells).
found in the epider-
mis?
14. How many layers Four layers in thin skin and five layers in thick skin.
does the epidermis
have in thin and
thick skin?
15. What are the lay- Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum
ers of the epidermis (only in thick skin), stratum corneum.
from deep to super-
ficial?
, BIOS256: Comprehensive Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hevtwj
16. What is melanin and Melanin is produced by melanocytes in the stratum basale.
where is it pro-
duced?
17. What are the types Pheomelanin (reddish-brown) and eumelanin (brown-black).
of melanin?
18. What is a burn? Tissue damage caused by excessive heat, electricity, radioactivity, or corrosive
chemicals that denature proteins in skin cells.
19. How are burns grad- Burns are graded according to their severity.
ed?
20. What is an auto- A skin graft using tissue from another location on the same person's body.
graft?
21. What is a split-skin A graft involving taking epidermis and part of the dermis from an undamaged
graft? area, such as the thigh or buttocks.
22. How can joints be Joints can be classified structurally (joint cavity and type of connective tissue)
classified? and functionally (degree of movement permitted).
23. What are the three Fibrous, Cartilaginous, and Synovial.
structural classifica-
tions of joints?
BIOS256: Comprehensive Exam
Questions)and verified Answers ( 100% accurate) GET IT RIGHT!!
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hevtwj
1. What is the dif- Passive processes require no energy, while active processes require energy
ference between to move substances across the membrane.
passive and active
processes in cellular
transport?
2. What are the types Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
of passive process-
es?
3. What is simple diffu- Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of
sion? lower concentration, moving down the concentration gradient.
4. What factors affect Temperature, molecular weight, steepness of concentration gradient, mem-
the rate of diffusion brane surface area, and membrane permeability.
through a mem-
brane?
5. What is facilitated Similar to diffusion, but molecules are ferried across the membrane by a
diffusion? carrier allowed entrance by a channel.
, BIOS256: Comprehensive Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hevtwj
6. What is osmosis? The movement of water from regions of higher concentration to regions
of lower concentration or water moving toward a higher concentration of
solutes.
7. What are the three Hypertonic (cell shrinks), isotonic (cell remains the same), and hypotonic (cell
types of tonicity? swells and may burst).
8. What is active trans- The movement of substances from an area of lower concentration to an area
port? of higher concentration, against the concentration gradient, requiring ATP
energy.
9. Sodium-Potassium Pump (Na+-K+ ATPase), endocytosis, and exocytosis.
, BIOS256: Comprehensive Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hevtwj
What are the types
of active transport?
10. What are mem- Flat sheets of pliable tissue that cover or line parts of the body.
branes?
11. What are the two Epithelial membranes (mucous, serous, cutaneous) and synovial mem-
types of mem- branes.
branes?
12. What are the four Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues.
basic types of tis-
sues in the human
body?
13. What are the four Keratinocytes, melanocytes, intraepidermal macrophages (Langerhans cells),
major types of cells and tactile epithelial cells (Merkel cells).
found in the epider-
mis?
14. How many layers Four layers in thin skin and five layers in thick skin.
does the epidermis
have in thin and
thick skin?
15. What are the lay- Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum
ers of the epidermis (only in thick skin), stratum corneum.
from deep to super-
ficial?
, BIOS256: Comprehensive Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hevtwj
16. What is melanin and Melanin is produced by melanocytes in the stratum basale.
where is it pro-
duced?
17. What are the types Pheomelanin (reddish-brown) and eumelanin (brown-black).
of melanin?
18. What is a burn? Tissue damage caused by excessive heat, electricity, radioactivity, or corrosive
chemicals that denature proteins in skin cells.
19. How are burns grad- Burns are graded according to their severity.
ed?
20. What is an auto- A skin graft using tissue from another location on the same person's body.
graft?
21. What is a split-skin A graft involving taking epidermis and part of the dermis from an undamaged
graft? area, such as the thigh or buttocks.
22. How can joints be Joints can be classified structurally (joint cavity and type of connective tissue)
classified? and functionally (degree of movement permitted).
23. What are the three Fibrous, Cartilaginous, and Synovial.
structural classifica-
tions of joints?
