PSY 331 Exam 2 Questions With Correct
Answers
3 |components |of |attitude |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-affective, |cognitive, |behavioral
Affective |attitude |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Feelings/values |regarding |the |attitude |object
- |Ex: |I |love |my |family
Cognitive |attitude |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Thoughts, |knowledge, |and |beliefs |about |the |
attitude |object
- |Ex: |My |family |will |always |love |and |support |me, |we |have |fun |together
Behavioral |attitude |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-One's |behavioral |tendencies |toward |the |attitude |
object
- |Ex: |Sometimes |I |choose |to |hang |out |with |my |family |over |my |friends, |so |I |must |love |them
2 |types |of |attitudes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-explicit |and |implicit
explicit |attitudes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Deliberate, |Consciously |endorsed |and |easily |
reported
- |Direct |measures
- |Self-reports, |Likert-type |scales
implicit |attitudes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Automatic; |Involuntary, |and |unconscious |(relates |to |
schemas)
- |Subtle, |indirect |measures
- Response |latency, |Implicit |Associations |Test |(IAT)
| |
,LaPiere |(1934) |- |Chinese |Couple |Study |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Asked |251 |establishments |- |
would |you |serve |a |Chinese |couple?
90% |said |no
Lot |of |prejudice |during |this |time |toward |Chinese
Had |visit |from |a |Chinese |couple
- |Only |1 |establishment |actually |refused |them |service
- |Thoughts |vs |behaviors? |People |act |differently |about |it |when |it |actually |happens
When |do |attitudes |predict |behavior? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |Measure |the |correct |attitude |
object
Should |be |same |level |of |specificity |as |behavior
2. |Get |an |accurate |measure
Explicit |attitudes |are |filtered
Self-reflection |of |our |attitudes |can |lead |us |astray
3. |Understand |the |attitude |strength
Stronger |attitudes, |better |predictors
Strength |does |NOT |equal |more |extreme
Personal |experience |can |lead |to |stronger |attitudes |(we |would |be |more |likely |to |not |text |and |
drive |if |there |was |a |personal |experience |related |to |it)
Behaviors |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-very |good |predictors |of |attitudes
Often |align |attitudes |with |our |behaviors
Consistency |Theories |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-We |like |consistency |as |humans, |Maintaining |
consistency |between |attitudes/behaviors |to |avoid |tension
, Heider's |Balance |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Gf |and |best |friend |should |like |each |other |to |
be |BALANCED
If |they |don't |like |each |other, |(arguments, |fighting, |etc.) |= |UNBALANCED
Something |must |change |to |reduce |tension |(break |up |w |gf |or |stop |being |friends |w |best |friend)
Example: |Does |Tommy |like/not |like |the |outdoors/ |does |he |like/ |not |like |Cheryl |= |Tension |or |
not |= |Balance |or |Unbalancev
cognitive |dissonance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Tension |when |attitudes |and |behaviors |
inconsistent
3 |ways |to |reduce |dissonance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Change |behavior |(hard |to |do)
Change |attitude |(denial)
Justify |behavior |w/ |new |attitude
Festinger |and |Carlsmith |Study |(1959) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Gave |$20 |or |$1 |to |participants
Participants |given |$1 |did |not |lie |when |asked |to |do |an |activity |again
Elaboration |Likelihood |Model |of |Persuasion |(ELM) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Central |vs. |
peripheral |route
Heuristic-Systematic |Model |of |Persuasion |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Systematic |vs. |heuristic |
routes
ELM |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Process |of |evaluating |(elaborating |on) |the |quality |of |the |
message
High |EL |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-High |EL: |scrutinize, |arrive |at |well-reasoned |attitudes
Answers
3 |components |of |attitude |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-affective, |cognitive, |behavioral
Affective |attitude |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Feelings/values |regarding |the |attitude |object
- |Ex: |I |love |my |family
Cognitive |attitude |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Thoughts, |knowledge, |and |beliefs |about |the |
attitude |object
- |Ex: |My |family |will |always |love |and |support |me, |we |have |fun |together
Behavioral |attitude |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-One's |behavioral |tendencies |toward |the |attitude |
object
- |Ex: |Sometimes |I |choose |to |hang |out |with |my |family |over |my |friends, |so |I |must |love |them
2 |types |of |attitudes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-explicit |and |implicit
explicit |attitudes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Deliberate, |Consciously |endorsed |and |easily |
reported
- |Direct |measures
- |Self-reports, |Likert-type |scales
implicit |attitudes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Automatic; |Involuntary, |and |unconscious |(relates |to |
schemas)
- |Subtle, |indirect |measures
- Response |latency, |Implicit |Associations |Test |(IAT)
| |
,LaPiere |(1934) |- |Chinese |Couple |Study |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Asked |251 |establishments |- |
would |you |serve |a |Chinese |couple?
90% |said |no
Lot |of |prejudice |during |this |time |toward |Chinese
Had |visit |from |a |Chinese |couple
- |Only |1 |establishment |actually |refused |them |service
- |Thoughts |vs |behaviors? |People |act |differently |about |it |when |it |actually |happens
When |do |attitudes |predict |behavior? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |Measure |the |correct |attitude |
object
Should |be |same |level |of |specificity |as |behavior
2. |Get |an |accurate |measure
Explicit |attitudes |are |filtered
Self-reflection |of |our |attitudes |can |lead |us |astray
3. |Understand |the |attitude |strength
Stronger |attitudes, |better |predictors
Strength |does |NOT |equal |more |extreme
Personal |experience |can |lead |to |stronger |attitudes |(we |would |be |more |likely |to |not |text |and |
drive |if |there |was |a |personal |experience |related |to |it)
Behaviors |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-very |good |predictors |of |attitudes
Often |align |attitudes |with |our |behaviors
Consistency |Theories |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-We |like |consistency |as |humans, |Maintaining |
consistency |between |attitudes/behaviors |to |avoid |tension
, Heider's |Balance |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Gf |and |best |friend |should |like |each |other |to |
be |BALANCED
If |they |don't |like |each |other, |(arguments, |fighting, |etc.) |= |UNBALANCED
Something |must |change |to |reduce |tension |(break |up |w |gf |or |stop |being |friends |w |best |friend)
Example: |Does |Tommy |like/not |like |the |outdoors/ |does |he |like/ |not |like |Cheryl |= |Tension |or |
not |= |Balance |or |Unbalancev
cognitive |dissonance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Tension |when |attitudes |and |behaviors |
inconsistent
3 |ways |to |reduce |dissonance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Change |behavior |(hard |to |do)
Change |attitude |(denial)
Justify |behavior |w/ |new |attitude
Festinger |and |Carlsmith |Study |(1959) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Gave |$20 |or |$1 |to |participants
Participants |given |$1 |did |not |lie |when |asked |to |do |an |activity |again
Elaboration |Likelihood |Model |of |Persuasion |(ELM) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Central |vs. |
peripheral |route
Heuristic-Systematic |Model |of |Persuasion |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Systematic |vs. |heuristic |
routes
ELM |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Process |of |evaluating |(elaborating |on) |the |quality |of |the |
message
High |EL |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-High |EL: |scrutinize, |arrive |at |well-reasoned |attitudes
