Eyes, Ears, Nose, Throat questions with verified
answers
15yom experiences syncope during exam when the otoscope stimulates
the posterior external auditory canal. What happened?
Ans✓✓✓vasovagal syncope due to vagus nerve stimulation
(parasympatheic outflow causing decreased HR and BP)
22yof is pregnant was diagnosed with CMV mononucleosis-like illness.
Patient cleared infection with no complications. What eye condition is
the infant at risk of contracting? Ans✓✓✓chorioretinitis
(can also contract sensorineural deafness, seizure, jaundice,
hepatometgaly, splenomegaly, microcephaly)
23yom presents with 2 day hx of fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose.
Naked particles with RNA molecules that induce viral protein synthesis
and genome replication when introduced to human cells. What are
characteristics of this viral genome? Ans✓✓✓single-stranded positive
sense RNA (can be infectious on its own; neg sense and dsRNA cannot)
3 mo old presents with right sided white pupillary reflex. the father had
similar symptoms when young. What is the child at risk of developing?
Ans✓✓✓Osteosarcoma is associated with familial retinoblastoma
(malignancy occurs via 2 hit hypoth)
31yo obese patient presents with persistent HA for the past 3 mo,
transient visual disturbances such as loss of vision while picking up
, objects, bilaterally blurring of the optic disc on fundo. What do you
suspect? What is causing the eye disturbances? Ans✓✓✓1. idiopathic
intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri)
2. increased ICP compresses optic nerves which impairs axoplasmic
flow in optic nerves --> optic disc edema
42yof presents with dizziness, spinning sensation associated with nausea
and ringing in the L ear. Decreased hearing in L ear during phone calls.
Diagnosis? Pathogenesis? Ans✓✓✓1. Meniere disease (tinnitus,
vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss)
2. due to increased volume and pressure of endolymph in vestibular
apparatus
43yom with HIV presents with progressive visual impairment. CD count
37 cells/mm3. Fundoscopy shows white-yellow, fluffy retinal lesions
near the retinal vessels with hemorrhage. Dx? Txt? Ans✓✓✓1. CMV
retinitis
2. ganciclovir to prevent blindness
48yof presents with intermittent painless ear discharge over the last 2
years, decreased hearing in RR ear, otoscopy shows small perforation in
R tympanic membrane and pearly mass behind membrane. Dx?
Pathogenesis? Etiology? Ans✓✓✓1. cholesteatomas
answers
15yom experiences syncope during exam when the otoscope stimulates
the posterior external auditory canal. What happened?
Ans✓✓✓vasovagal syncope due to vagus nerve stimulation
(parasympatheic outflow causing decreased HR and BP)
22yof is pregnant was diagnosed with CMV mononucleosis-like illness.
Patient cleared infection with no complications. What eye condition is
the infant at risk of contracting? Ans✓✓✓chorioretinitis
(can also contract sensorineural deafness, seizure, jaundice,
hepatometgaly, splenomegaly, microcephaly)
23yom presents with 2 day hx of fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose.
Naked particles with RNA molecules that induce viral protein synthesis
and genome replication when introduced to human cells. What are
characteristics of this viral genome? Ans✓✓✓single-stranded positive
sense RNA (can be infectious on its own; neg sense and dsRNA cannot)
3 mo old presents with right sided white pupillary reflex. the father had
similar symptoms when young. What is the child at risk of developing?
Ans✓✓✓Osteosarcoma is associated with familial retinoblastoma
(malignancy occurs via 2 hit hypoth)
31yo obese patient presents with persistent HA for the past 3 mo,
transient visual disturbances such as loss of vision while picking up
, objects, bilaterally blurring of the optic disc on fundo. What do you
suspect? What is causing the eye disturbances? Ans✓✓✓1. idiopathic
intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri)
2. increased ICP compresses optic nerves which impairs axoplasmic
flow in optic nerves --> optic disc edema
42yof presents with dizziness, spinning sensation associated with nausea
and ringing in the L ear. Decreased hearing in L ear during phone calls.
Diagnosis? Pathogenesis? Ans✓✓✓1. Meniere disease (tinnitus,
vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss)
2. due to increased volume and pressure of endolymph in vestibular
apparatus
43yom with HIV presents with progressive visual impairment. CD count
37 cells/mm3. Fundoscopy shows white-yellow, fluffy retinal lesions
near the retinal vessels with hemorrhage. Dx? Txt? Ans✓✓✓1. CMV
retinitis
2. ganciclovir to prevent blindness
48yof presents with intermittent painless ear discharge over the last 2
years, decreased hearing in RR ear, otoscopy shows small perforation in
R tympanic membrane and pearly mass behind membrane. Dx?
Pathogenesis? Etiology? Ans✓✓✓1. cholesteatomas
