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Nurs 172 - Final Exam Questions and
Correct Answers
Question: Atypical antiphsychotic drugs
Answer: Riperidone (risperdal)
olanzapine (zyprexa)
aripiprazole (ability)
clozapine (clozaril)
aripiprazole (abilify)
action: block dopamine receptors
indications: schizophrenia, bipolar mania, antiemetic
contraindications: elderly patients with psychosis, other CNS depressants,
parkinsons, glaucoma, severely depressed, lactating, cardiac issues,
epilepsy
caution with: hx of seizures, DM, pregnancy, respiratory depression
interactions: increased hypotension with antihypertensive, anticholinergic
drugs (dry mouth, tachycardia)
nursing implications: smoking increases metabolism (will need dose
adjustment), avoid exposure to extreme temps, no alcohol, watch for
NMS
Question: extrapyramidal symptoms
Answer: pseudoparkinsonism: tremors; rigid muscles.
akinesia: muscular weakness.
akathisia: restlessness, fidgeting.
dystonia: involuntary muscle movements.
oculogyric crisis: uncontrolled eye rolling.
Question: anticholinergic effects
Pretest - Stuvia US
,2
Answer: dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention
Question: tardive dyskinesia
Answer: involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs
Question: nueroleptic malignant syndrome
Answer: rare side effect of antipsychotic drugs: characterized by sudden
high fever, sweating, rigidity, dysrhythmias, fluctuations in BP, and
respiratory failure
Question: agranulocytosis
Answer: Is a rare adverse reaction to Clozapine (Clozaril) in which WBC's
drop causing pt to become susceptible to acute infections.
Question: anxiolytic (antianxiety) drugs
Answer: alprazolam
lorazepam
chlordiazepoxide
buspirone
Action: depress CNS; produces calming effects by potentiating GABA
indications: anxiety disorders/symptoms, acute alcohol withdrawal,
skeletal muscle spasms, seizures
contraindications: hypersensitivity, other CNS depressants, pregnancy,
glaucoma
caution in: elderly, decreased renal/hepatic, known hx of addiction,
suicidal or depressed
nursing implications: monitor for confusion, tolerance/dependance,
orthostatic hypotension, nausea/vomiting, assess anxiety/mental status
Question: benzodiazepines
Answer: Alprazolam (Xanax)
Pretest - Stuvia US
,3
Diazepam (Valium)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Action: increase gabba and decreases neuron activity
Side effects: low and slow vitals, sedation, addiction
Teaching: take at bedtime, do not skip doses, do not abruptly stop, not
long term
*Pam and Lam in a Benz, addicted to being here for a good time not a
long time*
*Gabba = grandma, more gabba = more sedated*
Question: Non-benzodiazepines
Answer: Buspirone (Buspar)
action:
side effects: not addictive, no sedation, no withdrawal
teaching: 2-4 weeks for full effect, long term use, can drive bus
*Can still drive the bus on buspirone, not sedative*
Question: paradoxical excitement
Answer: Experiencing an effect that is opposite of the indented effect.
-Sedative or a benzodiazepine to treat anxiety, when the patient is wide
awake and hyperactive rather than calm and relaxed.
Question: antidepressant drugs
Answer: selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
monamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Question: rules of antidepressants
Pretest - Stuvia US
, 4
Answer: 1. increased risk of suicide (especially in first few weeks of
treatment)
2. slow onset and slow taper off (never stop abruptly)
3. never mix SSRIs with st. johns wart and never mix MAOIs with any
other antidepressant (2 week wash out period)
4. orthostatic hypotension and weight gain
Question: selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Answer: sertraline
fluoxetine
citalopram
action: inhibits re-uptake of serotonin (more serotonin)
side effects: weight gain, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, serotonin
syndrome
teaching: never stop abruptly, no alcohol
key points:
- increased suicide (ages 18-24) when starting or changing dose
- report more energy without change in depression (risk for suicide)
- never mix with MAOIs, tramadol, st. johns wart
Question: Serotonin syndrome symptoms
Answer: occurs when there is an *inadequate washout period between
taking MAOIs & SSRIs or when MAOIs are combined with meperidine*
Symptoms:
1. *change in mental state*: confusion & agitation
2. *neuromuscular excitement*: muscle rigidity, weakness, sluggish
pupils, shivering, tremors, myoclonic jerks, collapse, & muscle paralysis
3. *autonomic abnormalities*: hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea,
hypersalivation, & diaphoresis
Pretest - Stuvia US
Nurs 172 - Final Exam Questions and
Correct Answers
Question: Atypical antiphsychotic drugs
Answer: Riperidone (risperdal)
olanzapine (zyprexa)
aripiprazole (ability)
clozapine (clozaril)
aripiprazole (abilify)
action: block dopamine receptors
indications: schizophrenia, bipolar mania, antiemetic
contraindications: elderly patients with psychosis, other CNS depressants,
parkinsons, glaucoma, severely depressed, lactating, cardiac issues,
epilepsy
caution with: hx of seizures, DM, pregnancy, respiratory depression
interactions: increased hypotension with antihypertensive, anticholinergic
drugs (dry mouth, tachycardia)
nursing implications: smoking increases metabolism (will need dose
adjustment), avoid exposure to extreme temps, no alcohol, watch for
NMS
Question: extrapyramidal symptoms
Answer: pseudoparkinsonism: tremors; rigid muscles.
akinesia: muscular weakness.
akathisia: restlessness, fidgeting.
dystonia: involuntary muscle movements.
oculogyric crisis: uncontrolled eye rolling.
Question: anticholinergic effects
Pretest - Stuvia US
,2
Answer: dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention
Question: tardive dyskinesia
Answer: involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs
Question: nueroleptic malignant syndrome
Answer: rare side effect of antipsychotic drugs: characterized by sudden
high fever, sweating, rigidity, dysrhythmias, fluctuations in BP, and
respiratory failure
Question: agranulocytosis
Answer: Is a rare adverse reaction to Clozapine (Clozaril) in which WBC's
drop causing pt to become susceptible to acute infections.
Question: anxiolytic (antianxiety) drugs
Answer: alprazolam
lorazepam
chlordiazepoxide
buspirone
Action: depress CNS; produces calming effects by potentiating GABA
indications: anxiety disorders/symptoms, acute alcohol withdrawal,
skeletal muscle spasms, seizures
contraindications: hypersensitivity, other CNS depressants, pregnancy,
glaucoma
caution in: elderly, decreased renal/hepatic, known hx of addiction,
suicidal or depressed
nursing implications: monitor for confusion, tolerance/dependance,
orthostatic hypotension, nausea/vomiting, assess anxiety/mental status
Question: benzodiazepines
Answer: Alprazolam (Xanax)
Pretest - Stuvia US
,3
Diazepam (Valium)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Action: increase gabba and decreases neuron activity
Side effects: low and slow vitals, sedation, addiction
Teaching: take at bedtime, do not skip doses, do not abruptly stop, not
long term
*Pam and Lam in a Benz, addicted to being here for a good time not a
long time*
*Gabba = grandma, more gabba = more sedated*
Question: Non-benzodiazepines
Answer: Buspirone (Buspar)
action:
side effects: not addictive, no sedation, no withdrawal
teaching: 2-4 weeks for full effect, long term use, can drive bus
*Can still drive the bus on buspirone, not sedative*
Question: paradoxical excitement
Answer: Experiencing an effect that is opposite of the indented effect.
-Sedative or a benzodiazepine to treat anxiety, when the patient is wide
awake and hyperactive rather than calm and relaxed.
Question: antidepressant drugs
Answer: selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
monamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Question: rules of antidepressants
Pretest - Stuvia US
, 4
Answer: 1. increased risk of suicide (especially in first few weeks of
treatment)
2. slow onset and slow taper off (never stop abruptly)
3. never mix SSRIs with st. johns wart and never mix MAOIs with any
other antidepressant (2 week wash out period)
4. orthostatic hypotension and weight gain
Question: selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Answer: sertraline
fluoxetine
citalopram
action: inhibits re-uptake of serotonin (more serotonin)
side effects: weight gain, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, serotonin
syndrome
teaching: never stop abruptly, no alcohol
key points:
- increased suicide (ages 18-24) when starting or changing dose
- report more energy without change in depression (risk for suicide)
- never mix with MAOIs, tramadol, st. johns wart
Question: Serotonin syndrome symptoms
Answer: occurs when there is an *inadequate washout period between
taking MAOIs & SSRIs or when MAOIs are combined with meperidine*
Symptoms:
1. *change in mental state*: confusion & agitation
2. *neuromuscular excitement*: muscle rigidity, weakness, sluggish
pupils, shivering, tremors, myoclonic jerks, collapse, & muscle paralysis
3. *autonomic abnormalities*: hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea,
hypersalivation, & diaphoresis
Pretest - Stuvia US
