1|Page
HESI STUDY GUIDE 1ST SEMESTER
(RN WITH 2025 ACTUAL EXAM TIPS)
how far above should a lift 3-4 inches
be from the mattress?
when systolic (top number) is decreased by 20
what is orthostatic mmHg or the diastolic (bottom number) is
hypotension?
decreased by 10 mmHg within 3 minutes after
standing.
what are some extrinsic unfamiliar room, having the wrong foot wear
factors that contribute to
immobility for an older
adult?
-dont rinse
What should you know -cannot use above jawline
when using CHG wipes? - do not need to dry
-let the pt. know they will feel sticky
what is confabulation? when imagination is used to fill gaps in memory
-mouth watering
-diarrhea
what are side effects of
-lacrimination
cholinergics? - emesis
-GI distress
Can't see, pee, spit, or sh**t.
what are side effects of
Hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, mad as a
anticholinergics?
hatter, and blind as a bat.
how long should a patient 6-8 hours
void after catheter
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removal?
can NAP apply restraints? yes
The abuser will concentrate their anger on the
what are signs of
pregnancy itself and focus their assaults on the
domestic violence when
breasts, abdomen, and buttocks. They will also
the female is pregnant?
answer questions for the pregnant patient during a
health interview.
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what is the correct from distal to proximal (to help blood flow to the heart).
direction to wrap an
extremity in a bandage?
because they are used to higher levels of carbon
why can too much oxygen dioxide in their lungs; carbon dioxide is their drive to
for COPD patients be breathe. if you give them too much oxygen, this takes
dangerous? away their drive to breath (it makes them
hypoventilate=dangerous).
hypertonic- causes cells to shrink bc pulls fluid out
what is the difference (eg burn patients). have more solutes.
between hypertonic,
hypotonic and hypotonic- causes cells to swell bc fluid moves into
isotonic? cell. have less solutes.
Isotonic- 5% dextrose, 0.9 % sodium chloride NS,
Normal (LR) lactated ringers
what are some examples Hypertonic - 3% Sodium Chloride Normal Saline, 10-
of solutions? 50% dextrose
Hypotonic- 0.45% (1/2) sodium chloride NS (Hippos
SWELL and they drink HALF of the water!)
what causes resipiratory narcotics or COPD because ventilation is impaired
acidosis? and there is decreased RR.
what causes respiratory anxiety; because patients hyperventilate and let off
alkalosis? too much carbon dioxide.
-ketoacidosis
what causes metabolic -renal failure- bc kidneys cannot excrete Ht (acid) and
acidosis? (less produce bicarbonate
bicarbonate) -diarrhea- bc it causes lower levels of bicarbonate
-Antacids because they act as a bicarbonate
what causes metabolic buffer which creates too much bicarbonate.
alkalosis? or by
-Prolonged vomitting bc it gets rid of alkalinity.
HESI STUDY GUIDE 1ST SEMESTER
(RN WITH 2025 ACTUAL EXAM TIPS)
how far above should a lift 3-4 inches
be from the mattress?
when systolic (top number) is decreased by 20
what is orthostatic mmHg or the diastolic (bottom number) is
hypotension?
decreased by 10 mmHg within 3 minutes after
standing.
what are some extrinsic unfamiliar room, having the wrong foot wear
factors that contribute to
immobility for an older
adult?
-dont rinse
What should you know -cannot use above jawline
when using CHG wipes? - do not need to dry
-let the pt. know they will feel sticky
what is confabulation? when imagination is used to fill gaps in memory
-mouth watering
-diarrhea
what are side effects of
-lacrimination
cholinergics? - emesis
-GI distress
Can't see, pee, spit, or sh**t.
what are side effects of
Hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, mad as a
anticholinergics?
hatter, and blind as a bat.
how long should a patient 6-8 hours
void after catheter
,2|Page
removal?
can NAP apply restraints? yes
The abuser will concentrate their anger on the
what are signs of
pregnancy itself and focus their assaults on the
domestic violence when
breasts, abdomen, and buttocks. They will also
the female is pregnant?
answer questions for the pregnant patient during a
health interview.
, 3|Page
what is the correct from distal to proximal (to help blood flow to the heart).
direction to wrap an
extremity in a bandage?
because they are used to higher levels of carbon
why can too much oxygen dioxide in their lungs; carbon dioxide is their drive to
for COPD patients be breathe. if you give them too much oxygen, this takes
dangerous? away their drive to breath (it makes them
hypoventilate=dangerous).
hypertonic- causes cells to shrink bc pulls fluid out
what is the difference (eg burn patients). have more solutes.
between hypertonic,
hypotonic and hypotonic- causes cells to swell bc fluid moves into
isotonic? cell. have less solutes.
Isotonic- 5% dextrose, 0.9 % sodium chloride NS,
Normal (LR) lactated ringers
what are some examples Hypertonic - 3% Sodium Chloride Normal Saline, 10-
of solutions? 50% dextrose
Hypotonic- 0.45% (1/2) sodium chloride NS (Hippos
SWELL and they drink HALF of the water!)
what causes resipiratory narcotics or COPD because ventilation is impaired
acidosis? and there is decreased RR.
what causes respiratory anxiety; because patients hyperventilate and let off
alkalosis? too much carbon dioxide.
-ketoacidosis
what causes metabolic -renal failure- bc kidneys cannot excrete Ht (acid) and
acidosis? (less produce bicarbonate
bicarbonate) -diarrhea- bc it causes lower levels of bicarbonate
-Antacids because they act as a bicarbonate
what causes metabolic buffer which creates too much bicarbonate.
alkalosis? or by
-Prolonged vomitting bc it gets rid of alkalinity.
