CHANGING. CULTURE AND TRADITIONS
14th century-end of 17th century towns increased,urban culture was developing,towns
particularly Florence,Venice and Rome became centre’s of art and learning,this was
the time when artists were famous and loved by the rich and aristocrats,printing
was invented and printing of nooks and documents was easy,literature stared
spreading,people believed they were Morden and Greek were ancient,religion was
something that was chosen b y the people,beliefs of the church were
challenged,scientests came to know about solar system and other things then they
questioned the church.
SOURCES-
European history of 14th century is know to us by
textiles,buildings,documents,painting and books ,these things are persevered in the
museums of England and USA.19th century onwards the historians used the term
renaissance it literal meaning is rebirth.people started thinking that culturally
everything was reborn,and there were cultural changes,Jacob burckhardt was a
historian who talked the most about it,he studied from the university of Basel in
Switzerland,he was a student of German historian Leopold Von ranke.he told Jacob
that the primary concern of historian is to write about states and politics using
papers and files of government departments.but Jacob did nit agree to it as he
thought that these were very limited goals,to him politics was not everything he
focused on culture.1860 he wrote a book the civilisation of renaissance in which he
called the attention to focus on literature,architecture and painting to tell what
a humanist society was,14th to 17th century humanist culture developed.in humanist
culture people focused on art and a man could take his own decisions and he was
modern,before 14th century acc to him was medieval period as people were controlled
by the church.
REVIVAL OF THE ITALIAN CITIES-
After the fall of western Roman Empire many of the towns of Italy wer ruined,there
was no unified government,pope of Rome was sovereign(decision maker),starting pope
was strong but latter lost his power.Western Europe was being reshaped with feudal
bonds and Latin church handeled it,Eastern Europe had Byzantine empire and Islam
was developing into the west.Italy was weak and fragmented.Byzantine empire and the
Islamic countries started trade and started coming to Italian ports for trade,as
there were crowds most of the time near the ports the towns around the ports
started developing,from 12th century mongols had started trade with china through
silk route and wester Europe countries also started trade and hence Italian towns
started developing.Italians were part of independent city states.Florence and
Venice were republic and many towns were controlled by prince,Venice and genoa were
the active and vibrant parts as their were no clergy rule over here,there were rich
merchants,bankers and helped in developing the city by donations and all,military
power was strong but during this time also they thought they were Italian citizens.
University and humanism-
First university of Europe were in Italian cities,few of the universities were
Padua and bologna,there was legal studies in. These universities,the logic was that
their was a lot of commerce and banking in these areas so there was increasing
demand of lawyers.law was a popular subject and growled,it was studies in the roman
culture context.Francesco Petrarch represented this change.Petrarch thought that
if we want to know about ancient civilization then we should read there texts like
poems,storie etc, people thought that there was more to learn except religion,this
was humanism.by 15th century humanist meant a person who is a masters of
grammar,history pet etc,a person who is a master of everything.the Latin word
humanitas from which humanities was derived was used by roman lawyer and cicero,he
was a contemporary of julius Caesar.these subjects are related to religion but were
more about development of an individual,these ideas attracted many universities.end
of 13th century Florence had not made a mark but by 15th century it developed
greatly,a countries name is made by its great citizens as much as it wealth,there
was a person named Dante who wrote about religious themes,Giotto and artist was
famous for his life like paintings,and hence it developed as an intelectual and
exciting city,the term renaissance man means a person who has a lot of intersts and
14th century-end of 17th century towns increased,urban culture was developing,towns
particularly Florence,Venice and Rome became centre’s of art and learning,this was
the time when artists were famous and loved by the rich and aristocrats,printing
was invented and printing of nooks and documents was easy,literature stared
spreading,people believed they were Morden and Greek were ancient,religion was
something that was chosen b y the people,beliefs of the church were
challenged,scientests came to know about solar system and other things then they
questioned the church.
SOURCES-
European history of 14th century is know to us by
textiles,buildings,documents,painting and books ,these things are persevered in the
museums of England and USA.19th century onwards the historians used the term
renaissance it literal meaning is rebirth.people started thinking that culturally
everything was reborn,and there were cultural changes,Jacob burckhardt was a
historian who talked the most about it,he studied from the university of Basel in
Switzerland,he was a student of German historian Leopold Von ranke.he told Jacob
that the primary concern of historian is to write about states and politics using
papers and files of government departments.but Jacob did nit agree to it as he
thought that these were very limited goals,to him politics was not everything he
focused on culture.1860 he wrote a book the civilisation of renaissance in which he
called the attention to focus on literature,architecture and painting to tell what
a humanist society was,14th to 17th century humanist culture developed.in humanist
culture people focused on art and a man could take his own decisions and he was
modern,before 14th century acc to him was medieval period as people were controlled
by the church.
REVIVAL OF THE ITALIAN CITIES-
After the fall of western Roman Empire many of the towns of Italy wer ruined,there
was no unified government,pope of Rome was sovereign(decision maker),starting pope
was strong but latter lost his power.Western Europe was being reshaped with feudal
bonds and Latin church handeled it,Eastern Europe had Byzantine empire and Islam
was developing into the west.Italy was weak and fragmented.Byzantine empire and the
Islamic countries started trade and started coming to Italian ports for trade,as
there were crowds most of the time near the ports the towns around the ports
started developing,from 12th century mongols had started trade with china through
silk route and wester Europe countries also started trade and hence Italian towns
started developing.Italians were part of independent city states.Florence and
Venice were republic and many towns were controlled by prince,Venice and genoa were
the active and vibrant parts as their were no clergy rule over here,there were rich
merchants,bankers and helped in developing the city by donations and all,military
power was strong but during this time also they thought they were Italian citizens.
University and humanism-
First university of Europe were in Italian cities,few of the universities were
Padua and bologna,there was legal studies in. These universities,the logic was that
their was a lot of commerce and banking in these areas so there was increasing
demand of lawyers.law was a popular subject and growled,it was studies in the roman
culture context.Francesco Petrarch represented this change.Petrarch thought that
if we want to know about ancient civilization then we should read there texts like
poems,storie etc, people thought that there was more to learn except religion,this
was humanism.by 15th century humanist meant a person who is a masters of
grammar,history pet etc,a person who is a master of everything.the Latin word
humanitas from which humanities was derived was used by roman lawyer and cicero,he
was a contemporary of julius Caesar.these subjects are related to religion but were
more about development of an individual,these ideas attracted many universities.end
of 13th century Florence had not made a mark but by 15th century it developed
greatly,a countries name is made by its great citizens as much as it wealth,there
was a person named Dante who wrote about religious themes,Giotto and artist was
famous for his life like paintings,and hence it developed as an intelectual and
exciting city,the term renaissance man means a person who has a lot of intersts and
