NSG 4100 EXAM 1 2025 | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
NSG 4100 Exam 1
GRADED A+ | VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST EXAM (BRAND NEW
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gwuzg2
VERSION!)
1. Signs and Symp- Fatigue, SOB, unexplained weight loss, N/V, muscle cramps. change in mental
toms of Uremia status, metallic taste in mouth, pruritus.
2. Pathophysiology Renal function declines and end products of protein metabolism accumulate
of End Stage in the blood. Uremia develops and adversely affects every system in the body.
Renal Disease Usually associated with a low GFR. The more waste products in the system the
(ESRD) more severe the symptoms.
3. Uremic Pericardi- Inflammation and irritation of the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium
tis by metabolic toxins that accumulate due to renal failure.
4. Uremic Treatment Diuretics and Hemodialysis and if the patient is already on hemodialysis we need
to intensify it.
5. Clinical manifesta- Pericarditis, pericardial effusions/tamponade, pulmonary infiltrates, JVD, edema,
tions of fluid over- HF, hypertension, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis
load in ESRD
6. BUN normal 10-20
range
7. Creatinine normal 0.5-1.2
range
8. Sodium normal 135-145
range
9. Potassium Nor- 3.5-5
mal range
10. Magnesium nor- 1.5-2.5 (high in ESRD pt)
mal range
11. 30mL/hr
1/8
, NSG 4100 Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gwuzg2
Normal urine out-
put range
12. Dietary restric- Low protein, low potassium, no potatoes or oranges or citrus fruits, no salt
tions for patients substitute, fluid restrictions
with ESRD
13. How much protein 1.2-1.5 mg/kg/day
is allowed in a pa-
tient with ESRD?
14. What medications Calcium acetate/carbonate, Phosphate-binding agents (Phoslo, Renagel), Ery-
are used to treat thropoeitin, Antihypertensive and cardiac medication, Ionotropes, Anticonvul-
ESRD? sants
15. What are impor- Dietary education, S/S of hyperkalemia (muscle cramps, urine abnormalities, res-
tant topics for pa- piratory distress, decrease cardiac contractility, EGK changes, decrease reflexes,
tient education in tingling in hands and feet, paralysis), worsening S/S of kidney disease (anemia,
ESRD? difficulty breathing, nocturia, swelling and puffiness of feet and ankles, high BP,
changes in mental status, poor digestion
16. Possible compli- Bleeding, Infection, and Hypotension
cations after He-
modialysis
17. What type of med- Antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic medications
ication should be
held before dialy-
sis?
18. What metabolic Metabolic Acidosis (pH lower than 7.35, HCO3 lower than 22, CO2 normal 35-45)
imbalance is com-
mon with ESRD?
2/8
NSG 4100 Exam 1
GRADED A+ | VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST EXAM (BRAND NEW
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gwuzg2
VERSION!)
1. Signs and Symp- Fatigue, SOB, unexplained weight loss, N/V, muscle cramps. change in mental
toms of Uremia status, metallic taste in mouth, pruritus.
2. Pathophysiology Renal function declines and end products of protein metabolism accumulate
of End Stage in the blood. Uremia develops and adversely affects every system in the body.
Renal Disease Usually associated with a low GFR. The more waste products in the system the
(ESRD) more severe the symptoms.
3. Uremic Pericardi- Inflammation and irritation of the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium
tis by metabolic toxins that accumulate due to renal failure.
4. Uremic Treatment Diuretics and Hemodialysis and if the patient is already on hemodialysis we need
to intensify it.
5. Clinical manifesta- Pericarditis, pericardial effusions/tamponade, pulmonary infiltrates, JVD, edema,
tions of fluid over- HF, hypertension, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis
load in ESRD
6. BUN normal 10-20
range
7. Creatinine normal 0.5-1.2
range
8. Sodium normal 135-145
range
9. Potassium Nor- 3.5-5
mal range
10. Magnesium nor- 1.5-2.5 (high in ESRD pt)
mal range
11. 30mL/hr
1/8
, NSG 4100 Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gwuzg2
Normal urine out-
put range
12. Dietary restric- Low protein, low potassium, no potatoes or oranges or citrus fruits, no salt
tions for patients substitute, fluid restrictions
with ESRD
13. How much protein 1.2-1.5 mg/kg/day
is allowed in a pa-
tient with ESRD?
14. What medications Calcium acetate/carbonate, Phosphate-binding agents (Phoslo, Renagel), Ery-
are used to treat thropoeitin, Antihypertensive and cardiac medication, Ionotropes, Anticonvul-
ESRD? sants
15. What are impor- Dietary education, S/S of hyperkalemia (muscle cramps, urine abnormalities, res-
tant topics for pa- piratory distress, decrease cardiac contractility, EGK changes, decrease reflexes,
tient education in tingling in hands and feet, paralysis), worsening S/S of kidney disease (anemia,
ESRD? difficulty breathing, nocturia, swelling and puffiness of feet and ankles, high BP,
changes in mental status, poor digestion
16. Possible compli- Bleeding, Infection, and Hypotension
cations after He-
modialysis
17. What type of med- Antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic medications
ication should be
held before dialy-
sis?
18. What metabolic Metabolic Acidosis (pH lower than 7.35, HCO3 lower than 22, CO2 normal 35-45)
imbalance is com-
mon with ESRD?
2/8
