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BIOLOGY Q&A
1. Question
A clinical researcher administered a pill with no therapeutic value to his subject.
Which of the following best describes this treatment?
• Double-blind
• Evaluation
• Placebo✔️
• Experimentation
Correct Answer: Placebo
➢ Rationale: A placebo prevents the test subjects from knowing whether they
are being given the real therapeutic drug or not. This helps the examiner
understand the true effects of the drug.
➢ Experimentation involves a set of procedures used to test a particular
hypothesis.
➢ Double-blind keeps the identity of subjects hidden from the researcher to
avoid any researcher-patient bias in the experiments.
, ➢ Evaluation involves analyzing the results of experiments and drawing valid,
scientific conclusions from them.
2. Question
Bony fishes belong to Phylum Chordata.
Which of the following levels of classification is more inclusive than this level?
• Kingdom✔️
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Correct Answer: Kingdom
Rationale: Kingdom is a higher or more inclusive level of the hierarchical system
of classification than the phylum level.
Living organisms are classified from most inclusive to least inclusive:
➢ Domain
➢ Kingdom
➢ Phylum
➢ Class
➢ Order
➢ Family
➢ Genus
➢ Species
3. Question
Which of these defines specific heat?
• The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a
substance by one degree Celsius
• The amount of heat needed to reduce the temperature of one kilogram of a
substance by one degree Celsius
, • The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of a
substance by one degree Celsius✔️
• The amount of heat needed to reduce the temperature of one gram of a
substance by one degree Celsius
Correct Answer: The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram
of a substance by one degree Celsius.
➢ Rationale:This refers to specific heat. The unit of specific heat is joules per
gram per degree (J/g°C).
➢ The amount of heat needed to reduce the temperature of one kilogram of a
substance by one degree Celsius refers to heat capacity (but the focus here is
on raising the temperature, not lowering it).
➢ The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a
substance by one degree Celsius is not the correct definition of specific heat,
which is typically defined for one gram of a substance, not one kilogram.
➢ The amount of heat needed to reduce the temperature of one gram of a
substance by one degree Celsius is about lowering the temperature, not
raising it, and also specifies the wrong unit of mass (gram instead of
kilogram).
4. Question
Polarity allows water to be a good __________.
• Solute
• Solvent✔️
• Solution
• Molecule
Correct Answer: Solvent
➢ Rationale:Polarity allows water to be a good solvent and other polar
substances can be dissolved in water easily.
➢ Water is not a solute or a solution. Polarity does not make water a good
molecule – there is no such thing as a “good” molecule.
, 5. Question
How are carbohydrates absorbed into the bloodstream?
• Carbohydrates are turned into fatty acids and absorbed into the blood via the
walls of the large intestine.
• Carbohydrates are turned into oxygen and are absorbed into the blood via
the lungs.
• Carbohydrates are turned into disaccharides and absorbed into the blood via
the walls of the stomach.
• Carbohydrates are turned into glucose and absorbed into the blood via the
walls of the small intestine. ✔️
Correct Answer: Carbohydrates are turned into glucose and absorbed into the blood
via the walls of the small intestine.
➢ Rationale: Digestion Process: Carbohydrates are broken down into simpler
sugars during digestion. Complex carbohydrates (like starch) are broken
down into disaccharides (like maltose) and eventually into monosaccharides
(like glucose). This breakdown primarily occurs in the mouth (salivary
amylase) and the small intestine (pancreatic amylase and other enzymes).
Absorption:Monosaccharides, particularly glucose, are absorbed through the
walls of the small intestine.The cells lining the small intestine have
specialized transport proteins that actively transport glucose into the
bloodstream. Transport in the Blood: Once absorbed, glucose enters the
bloodstream and is transported to cells throughout the body, where it is used
for energy or stored as glycogen.
➢ Disaccharides and the stomach: Carbohydrates are not absorbed as
disaccharides. The stomach’s acidic environment does not significantly
digest carbohydrates, as its role is primarily protein digestion. Absorption
happens in the small intestine, not the stomach.
➢ Carbohydrates turning into oxygen: Carbohydrates are not turned into
oxygen, and the lungs do not play a role in carbohydrate digestion or
absorption.