Biology 151- Exam 2 Questions and Review Rated 100% !!!

large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that produce what molecule? - ANS proteins which of the statements about synthesis of polypeptides is incorrect? - ANS the synthesis of proteins is a catabolic process which of the follow is not a constituent of the nucleus? - ANS ribosomes tissues that are metabolically active and utilize large amounts of energy would be rich in - ANS mitochondria which of the following is important for allowing large, charged molecules to pass through the membrane? - ANS membrane proteins which of the following statements is not correct about active transport? - ANS it uses membrane proteins to allow molecules to move from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration which of the following statements about plasma membranes is incorrect? - ANS they are relatively rigid structures of the following molecules, which passes through a lipid bilayer most readily? - ANS carbon dioxide which of the following is not true of passive diffusion? - ANS passive diffusion requires the presence of lipids in the membrane to assist charged molecules in passing through the membrane the release of insulin from pancreatic cells occurs by - ANS exocytosis facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires __ and moves a substance __ its concentration gradient - ANS transport proteins...down/with the idea that all living things are composed of cells that all come from pre-existing cells defines - ANS cell theory suppose two compartments within a cell are separated by a semipermeable membrane. compartment A has a higher solute concentration than compartment B. Compartment A is __ to compartment B, and water will move via osmosis into __ - ANS hypertonic; compartment A as cell size increases, the - ANS volume increases faster than the surface area true or false: muscle cells make different proteins than nerve cells because they have different sequences of DNA - ANS false which tye of protein does DNA wrap around so that it can be packaged in a cell? - ANS histones which one of the following correctly lists the components necessary for eukaryotic transcription? - ANS RNA polymerase, general transcription factors, DNA and RNA nucleotides a template DNA strand contains the sequence 5' ATGCTGAC 3' - ANS 5' GUCAGCAU 3' which of the following molecules is made during the process of transcription? a. mRNA b. tRNA c. rRNA - ANS all are correct in transcription, the energy to attach each suscessive ribonucleotide to the growing RNA chain comes from: - ANS cleavage of the high-energy phosphate bonds of the incoming nucleotide a template DNA strand contains the sequence 3' ATGCTGAC 5' this strand is transcribed: - ANS from left to right what would happen if an enhancer sequence werem utated so that its binding partner was always bound and recruiting the RNa polymerase complex? - ANS transcription would occur continuously in eukaryotes, activatior proteins bind to __; generalized transcription factors bind to __ - ANS enhancers; promoters the type of RNA that physically interacts with a ribosome, providing the sequence information for a speciic protein is abbreviated: - ANS mRNA transcription starts at a __ and ends at a __ - ANS promoter, terminator an intron is - ANS an RNA sequence that is removed during the processing of an RNA molecule in the nucleus alternative splicing allows for - ANS different polypeptides to be made from a single gene RNA processing occurs in - ANS eukaryotes only (in nucleus) proteins do not refold properly after being heated generally require the assistance eof which one of the following types of molecules in cells? - ANS chaperones when a peptide bond is created between two amino acids: - ANS the carboxyl group of the first amino acid is joined to the amino group of the second assuming a-u and g-c pairing between the anticodon and the codon, what anticodon in tRNA^ met would pair with the codon 5' AUG 3' - ANS 5'CAU 3' in what order does a charged tRNA move through the sites of a ribosome? - ANS the trna binds with the A site, then is moved to the P site, then the E site as the ribosome shifts the integrity of a biomembrane would have to be disrupted in order to remove which one of the following types of a membrane proteins? a. peripheral membrane proteins b. lipid anchored proteins c. transmembrane proteins d. b and c e. a,b,c - ANS d: b and c- lipid anchored proteins and transmembrane proteins dna wraps around histone and other proteins to form - ANS chromatin the multi-subunit protein structure which relays messages from specific activator and repressor proteins to RNa polymerase is known as the - ANS mediaator when RNA functions as a biological catalytic, we call it a - ANS ribosome DNA polymerase requires a free ___ to add new nucleotides to a growing chain - ANS 3' OH the small pieces of DNA that are made during DNA replication in the lagging strand are known as - ANS osaki fragments the name of the enzyme used to charge a tRNA molecule is a - ANS amino acyl and RNa synthetase list the following items in order of size from the smallest to the largest using the letter for each item a. protein molecule b. human fat cell c. carbon atom d. ribosome e. mitochondrion - ANS C A D E B rank the following molecultes from most permeable to least permeable in a biological membrane a. water b. amino acids c. gases d. glucose e. small uncharged molecules f. ions - ANS C E A D F B golgi apparatus - ANS pack, ship, and modify; often for export translation - ANS synthesize proteins DNA - ANS store genetic information to make things like proteins rough ER - ANS modify and package proteins nuclear pores - ANS control what is allowed to enter or leave nucleus