Abdomen and Gastrointestinal System exam questions and answers fully solved

Abdomen and Gastrointestinal System exam questions and answers fully solved how many regions is the abdomen divided into? - Answers9 name the 9 regions of the abdomen - Answersright hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lateral, umbilical, left lateral, right inguinal, hypogastric, and left inguinal what are the four quadrants? - AnswersRUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ peritoneum - Answersa serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity mesentery - Answersa double fold of peritoneum projecting from posterior abdominal wall and attaches to the intestines mesocolon - AnswersMesentery of the large intestine greater omentum - Answersa double fold of peritoneum that attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach, duodenum, and colon lesser omentum - Answersfold of peritoneum that attaches the lesser curvature of the stomach and the duodenum alimentary tract - Answersthe digestive tube from the mouth to the anus which quadrant is the stomach located in? - AnswersLUQ peristalsis - Answerschurns gastric contents what are the three segments of the small bowel? - Answersjejunum, duodenum and ileum haustra - Answersmucosal folds in the colon what flouro exam is used to visualized the oropharynx? - AnswersMBS what does the UGI study evaluate? - Answersthe esophagus, stomach and duodenum dysphagia - Answersdifficulty swallowing where is the stomach located in a hypersthenic patient? - Answershigh and transverse where is the stomach located for asthenic, sthenic, and hyposthenic? - AnswersJ shaped and close to the spine For a SBS when do you call the rad in? - Answersreaches the ileocecal valve colostomy - Answersa stoma is surgically created in the abdominal wall to allow drainage of large bowel contents into a closed pouch hung outside the body ileostomy - Answersopening is in the ileum to divert bowels from entering the colon why is CT used in gastro studies? - Answerscan differentiate tissue densities of the organs; better organ appearance in diaphragm area; can detect polyps why is MRI used in gastro studies? - Answersfaster exams; preferred for pregnant women and pediatrics since no ionizing radiation why is Sonography used in gastro studies? - Answerscan see many different angles of the kidneys and aorta why is nuc med used in gastro studies? - Answersbest method for gastro bleeding and emptying of gastric juices and the use of PET scans for cancer endoscopy - Answersuse of tubular fiber optics to look inside the GI tracts and cavities of the body what does a colonoscopy visualize? - Answersrectum, sigmoid and descending colon salem sump tube - Answersmost common NG tube; double lumen with openings on end for drainage and air ventilation Levin tube - Answerssingle lumen that can give medications and food; can suction gastric juices Ewald/ Endlich tube - Answersneeded if large amounts of gastric juices are being removed; placed through the mouth Levacuator tube - Answersa wide tube used for removal of toxic waste from the stomach Dobhoff tube - Answersused for feeding and gives diet immediately into the duodenum and jejunum; reduces risk of aspiration Miller-Abbott tube - Answersan NG tube with double lumen; removes gas a fluid build up; balloon on the end to stop cardiac sphincter Cantor tube - Answerssingle lumen decompression tube Atresia - Answerscongenital abnormality where esophagus fails to develop and results in discontinuation Ileal atresia - Answersdiscontinuation of the ileum; most common Duodenal atresia - Answerslumen of the duodenum does not exist and results in obstruction of the GI tract what appearance is duodenal atresia? - Answersdouble bubble sign colonic atresia - Answersfailure of the development of the anus imperforate anus or anal agenesis - Answersanal opening of the exterior of the body is absent Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis - Answerscongenital anomaly of the stomach where pyloric canal leading of the stomach and is narrowed what is the appearance of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis? - Answersolive sign malrotation - Answersintestines are not in the normal position situs inversus - Answerscomplete reversal of all abdominal organs; very rare Hirschsprung disease (congenital aganglionic megacolon) - Answersabsence of neurons in the distal large bowel walls or sigmoid colon Toxic megacolon - Answersbacterial overgrowth leading to fluid and electrolyte imbalances; could be fatal Meckel's diverticulum - Answersdiverticulum of the distal ileum Gluten-sensitive enteropathy - Answersceliac disease; disease where there is an increased sensitivity of gluten, wheat, and barley; interferes with proper digestion carbohydrate intolerance - Answersinability to digest carbs and lactose due to the deficiency of lactase enzymes; symptoms are diarrhea and cramping stricture - Answersabnormal narrowing; can be benign or malignant; from caustics that are ingested Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) - Answersan incompetent cardiac sphincter; back flow of gastric juices and acids into the esophagus reflux esophagitis - Answersinfl