NUR 221 Exam 3 UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers

NUR 221 Exam 3 UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is the endocrine function of the pancreas? - CORRECT ANSWER -



Function of alpha cells in pancreas - CORRECT ANSWER - secrete glucagon



Function of beta cells in pancreas - CORRECT ANSWER - secrete insulin



Function of glucagon - CORRECT ANSWER - produced by alpha cells
- Stimulate liver to release stores


Function of insulin - CORRECT ANSWER - regulates how body uses & stores glucose in
the liver & cells
Insulin = "Gate-keeper"
Insulin receptor = "Gate"


What is diabetes mellitus (DM)? - CORRECT ANSWER -



S/S DM Type 1* - CORRECT ANSWER - • Hyperglycemia
• Polydipsia
• Polyuria
• Polyphagia
• Glucosuria
• Weight loss
• Fatigue


Diagnostic criteria for DM - CORRECT ANSWER - Hemoglobin A1c ≥ 6.5%

, Hyperglycemia:
Fasting BS ≥ 126 mg/dL on 2 occasions
Random BS ≥ 200 mg/dL with S/S of hyperglycemia that CANNOT be explained


Hemoglobin A1c - CORRECT ANSWER - Test that measures
- Reflects average glucose exposure of each RBC over the proceeding ~120 days


Chronic complications of DM: Microvascular - CORRECT ANSWER - Untreated:
Microvascular damage to arteries


Kidney disease
Diabetic retinopathy (blindness)
Neuropathy (Nerve damage) -> loss of sensation
Impaired circulation -> ambulation
do NOT cut diabetic pts toenails


**IMPORTANT NURSING/PT EDUCATION REMINDER ABOUT PTS W/ DIABETES** -
CORRECT ANSWER - *Do NOT ever cut a diabetic pts toenails*
*Podiatrist* is ONLY one allowed


Type 1 DM - CORRECT ANSWER - Autoimmune destruction of beta cells (do NOT
produce insulin)


- Genetic
- Autoimmune
- Environmental fx


Tx for Type 1 DM - CORRECT ANSWER - insulin