HNF150 Exam 3 2025/2026 Exam
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major roles of water - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔carries nutrients, solvent, participates
in chemical reactions, shock absorber, body temp regulation, removal of
waste
causes of dehydration - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔don't drink enough fluids, diuretics
(alcohol, caffeine), eat lots of salt and sugar
symptoms of dehydration - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Thirst, dry mouth, fatigue,
headache, dizziness, deep yellow urine. Seizures, low blood pressure,
coma are severe dehydration symptoms, BP decrease, increased pulse
how is water regulated in the body - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The nervous system
and the kidneys act together to control water in the body, such as making
feelings of thirst
sources of water input - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔drinking fluids, eating foods,
produced from metabolism
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,sources of water output - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔perspiration, lung respiration,
feces, urine
what is hard water - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔has more minerals overall (Ca and
Mg), about 85% of water in US, leaves deposits
what is soft water - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔less minerals, contains mostly Na, not
as palatable
compare the safety regulations of tap and bottled water - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Tap requires disinfection, confirms e coli and coliform is banned, they
test more frequently for bacteria, they filter pathogens and viruses, test for
organic chemicals more often
water balance - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔comparison of input and output
solvent - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔dissolves solutes
diuretic - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔water pills or foods designed to increase amount
of water and salt expelled as urine
electrolytes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔compounds that separate into ions within
water, able to conduct electrical current
ions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔charged particles
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,anions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔negative charge (chloride)
cations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔positive charge (Na)
hyponatremia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔water toxicity, water pulled into cells,
causing them to swell, symptoms: headache, nausea, respiratory arrest
role of minerals in maintaining fluid and electrolytes - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Mineral salts form electrolytes which help keep fluids in their proper
place and buffer these fluids, which allows all life processes to take place,
sodium and potassium
role of minerals in maintaining acid base - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔act as buffers to
maintain the body's fluids proper pH. It will either gather or release H+ as
needed to maintain pH.I
-sodium and phosphorus
decreased bioavailability - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Phytic acid in wheat grain fiber
binds strongly to some minerals. (enzymes in the yeast improve the mineral
bioavailability).
-Oxalic acid in leafy green plants reduces bioavailability (spinach, chard,
beet greens).
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619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, -Polyphenols(in tea, chocolate, wine) can lower bioavailability of minerals.
increased bioavailability - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔vitamin c increases iron absorb
vitamin d, increases calcium magnesium and phosphorus increase
hcl makes minerals more bioavailable by dissolving
bioavailability - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the degree to which the amount of an
ingested nutrient is absorbed and is available in the body
phytic acid - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔some whole grain fibers and legumes strongly
bind to some minerals, oxalic acid reduces bioavailability (spinach, chard,
beet greens), polyphenols (tea, chocolate, wine) can lower bioavailability
gastric acidity - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔is when HCl makes minerals more
bioavailable by converting to a more easily absorbed form
trace minerals - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔are often very reactive and toxic in their
free form, so they usually have specific transport proteins to carry them
what are the trace minerals - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔iodine, zinc, fluoride, iron,
selenium
function of iodine - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔needed for thyroid hormones, regulate
basal metabolic rate
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619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
Questions and Answers 100%
Guaranteed Success | Already Rated A+
major roles of water - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔carries nutrients, solvent, participates
in chemical reactions, shock absorber, body temp regulation, removal of
waste
causes of dehydration - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔don't drink enough fluids, diuretics
(alcohol, caffeine), eat lots of salt and sugar
symptoms of dehydration - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Thirst, dry mouth, fatigue,
headache, dizziness, deep yellow urine. Seizures, low blood pressure,
coma are severe dehydration symptoms, BP decrease, increased pulse
how is water regulated in the body - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The nervous system
and the kidneys act together to control water in the body, such as making
feelings of thirst
sources of water input - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔drinking fluids, eating foods,
produced from metabolism
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,sources of water output - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔perspiration, lung respiration,
feces, urine
what is hard water - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔has more minerals overall (Ca and
Mg), about 85% of water in US, leaves deposits
what is soft water - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔less minerals, contains mostly Na, not
as palatable
compare the safety regulations of tap and bottled water - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Tap requires disinfection, confirms e coli and coliform is banned, they
test more frequently for bacteria, they filter pathogens and viruses, test for
organic chemicals more often
water balance - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔comparison of input and output
solvent - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔dissolves solutes
diuretic - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔water pills or foods designed to increase amount
of water and salt expelled as urine
electrolytes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔compounds that separate into ions within
water, able to conduct electrical current
ions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔charged particles
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,anions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔negative charge (chloride)
cations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔positive charge (Na)
hyponatremia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔water toxicity, water pulled into cells,
causing them to swell, symptoms: headache, nausea, respiratory arrest
role of minerals in maintaining fluid and electrolytes - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Mineral salts form electrolytes which help keep fluids in their proper
place and buffer these fluids, which allows all life processes to take place,
sodium and potassium
role of minerals in maintaining acid base - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔act as buffers to
maintain the body's fluids proper pH. It will either gather or release H+ as
needed to maintain pH.I
-sodium and phosphorus
decreased bioavailability - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Phytic acid in wheat grain fiber
binds strongly to some minerals. (enzymes in the yeast improve the mineral
bioavailability).
-Oxalic acid in leafy green plants reduces bioavailability (spinach, chard,
beet greens).
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, -Polyphenols(in tea, chocolate, wine) can lower bioavailability of minerals.
increased bioavailability - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔vitamin c increases iron absorb
vitamin d, increases calcium magnesium and phosphorus increase
hcl makes minerals more bioavailable by dissolving
bioavailability - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the degree to which the amount of an
ingested nutrient is absorbed and is available in the body
phytic acid - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔some whole grain fibers and legumes strongly
bind to some minerals, oxalic acid reduces bioavailability (spinach, chard,
beet greens), polyphenols (tea, chocolate, wine) can lower bioavailability
gastric acidity - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔is when HCl makes minerals more
bioavailable by converting to a more easily absorbed form
trace minerals - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔are often very reactive and toxic in their
free form, so they usually have specific transport proteins to carry them
what are the trace minerals - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔iodine, zinc, fluoride, iron,
selenium
function of iodine - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔needed for thyroid hormones, regulate
basal metabolic rate
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
