Running head: ILC Grade 12: Biology University preparation 1
SBI4UC-UNIT 2-LESSON 5
18. Read the following case study from the perspective of a dietitian. In point form,
write five statements that you would discuss with Curtis, with the goal of improving
his health. For each point, add a sentence that gives him information about
metabolism that he should be aware of and the reasons why he should consider
changing his diet and lifestyle. (10 marks, 2 marks for each point)
Case study: Curtis’s diet and lifestyle
Curtis is a 50 year old male. His job is sedentary and he participates in no regular
physical activity. He quit smoking when he was 40. After having had a near-fatal
heart attack. His mother and father both suffered heart attacks in their fifties and
his grandmother (on his mother’s side) had two strokes. He drinks energy drinks in
the morning with bacon and eggs, and has two hamburgers and a plate of fries for
lunch every day. He always has a serving of meat and salad for dinner, and a bag of
potato chips and a diet soft drink for a snack in the evening.
1. First of all, I will commend him for quitting smoking because by quitting smoking
he has reduced his risk of cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, and other cancers. I
will encourage him to include more physical activities in his lifestyle. For
instance, he can park his car far from his office to take a couple of steps and use
the stairs instead of the elevator whenever he can at work. He can also do other
form of exercises such as jogging, biking etc when he is not at work. This will
help reduce stress and burn excess calories and in turn reduce the risk of
cardiovascular disease.
2. Looking at Curtis’ family history of heart attack and stroke in their fifties, I will
encourage him to visit his family doctor regularly for check ups to avoid forming
or build-up of plaque since he is now 50 and it is genetically probable and thus at
risk for such problems.
3. I will encourage Curtis to make an effort to maintain a healthy diet. I will tell him
to reduce the amount of meat, salty and fatty foods (beacon, potato chips etc)
consumed. I will tell him to eat more vegetables and fruits, and replace one meat
dinner a week with fish. In general I will tell him to eat complex carbohydrates,
essential amino acids, and polyunsaturated oils and thus promoting a balance diet.
4. I will tell him to reduce the amount of food consumed during lunch. I will
encourage him to follow the Canadian serving size for his age to get the
appropriate daily calories. Processed and packaged foods contain a lot of
unnecessary additives like sugar, salt, Trans fat, and preservatives. I will
encourage him to eat more complex carbohydrates and avoid simple sugars. He
eats food with simple sugars he would be more prone to get obesity. Obesity can
lead to multiple health problems including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, high
blood pressure, cancer, arthritis, gall bladder dysfunction, and reproductive
disorders. He should avoid sugars like sucrose, glucose, or fructose. Eating
Complex carbohydrates like starch found in potatoes, high-fibre whole grain
This study source was downloaded by 100000899606070 from CourseHero.com on 06-16-2025 02:44:36 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/27198031/SBI4UC-UNIT2-MARKEDdocx/
, Running head: ILC Grade 12: Biology University preparation 2
breads, pasta, and a wide variety of vegetables, are much better as they are great
sources of energy and vitamins.
5. I will talk about the amount of energy drinks he drinks in the morning. This drink,
like many others, contain caffeine. A small amount of caffeine can make him feel
awake but over-consumption can lead to anxiety, tiredness, inability to
concentrate, high blood pressure, and other health concerns. Thus I will tell him to
reduce the number of energy drink consumed daily, and try to completely replace
it with water, coffee or tea in the morning. I will advise him to do light exercises
at night to aid better sleep at night making him less tired in the morning, and thus
reducing the need for energy drink.
CORRECT
19. In three sentences, explain how energy is stored in, and released from ATP. (3
marks)
Energy is stored in the structure of ATP which has an adenosine molecule bonded to three
phosphate groups, cells later get this energy by hydrolyzing the unstable bond, which
creates ADP and the release of energy. The energy that is stored in ATP is from cellular
respiration and is kept in the bond of the second and third phosphate groups.
The single bonded oxygen atoms of the phosphate groups are highly negative and repulse
each other making them unstable resulting in the formation of a high energy bond
between the second and third phosphate.
CORRECT
20. Identify the following reactions as being either endergonic or exergonic. (4 marks)
a. NAD+ accepts two electrons and a proton to become NADH.
Endergonic
b. Sucrose undergoes hydrolysis to form glucose and fructose.
Exergonic
c. During cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen take part in reactions that yield
carbon dioxide and water, and release energy.
Exergonic
d. Using the energy harvest from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide are converted
to glucose and oxygen, during photosynthesis.
Endergonic
CORRECT
LESSON 6
21.
a. Create a flow chart, using text, to summarize the ATP, FADH, AND NADH
production in the citric acid cycle (stage 3 of respiration), starting with two
acetyl-CoA molecules. Include the number of carbons found at each stage after
This study source was downloaded by 100000899606070 from CourseHero.com on 06-16-2025 02:44:36 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/27198031/SBI4UC-UNIT2-MARKEDdocx/
SBI4UC-UNIT 2-LESSON 5
18. Read the following case study from the perspective of a dietitian. In point form,
write five statements that you would discuss with Curtis, with the goal of improving
his health. For each point, add a sentence that gives him information about
metabolism that he should be aware of and the reasons why he should consider
changing his diet and lifestyle. (10 marks, 2 marks for each point)
Case study: Curtis’s diet and lifestyle
Curtis is a 50 year old male. His job is sedentary and he participates in no regular
physical activity. He quit smoking when he was 40. After having had a near-fatal
heart attack. His mother and father both suffered heart attacks in their fifties and
his grandmother (on his mother’s side) had two strokes. He drinks energy drinks in
the morning with bacon and eggs, and has two hamburgers and a plate of fries for
lunch every day. He always has a serving of meat and salad for dinner, and a bag of
potato chips and a diet soft drink for a snack in the evening.
1. First of all, I will commend him for quitting smoking because by quitting smoking
he has reduced his risk of cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, and other cancers. I
will encourage him to include more physical activities in his lifestyle. For
instance, he can park his car far from his office to take a couple of steps and use
the stairs instead of the elevator whenever he can at work. He can also do other
form of exercises such as jogging, biking etc when he is not at work. This will
help reduce stress and burn excess calories and in turn reduce the risk of
cardiovascular disease.
2. Looking at Curtis’ family history of heart attack and stroke in their fifties, I will
encourage him to visit his family doctor regularly for check ups to avoid forming
or build-up of plaque since he is now 50 and it is genetically probable and thus at
risk for such problems.
3. I will encourage Curtis to make an effort to maintain a healthy diet. I will tell him
to reduce the amount of meat, salty and fatty foods (beacon, potato chips etc)
consumed. I will tell him to eat more vegetables and fruits, and replace one meat
dinner a week with fish. In general I will tell him to eat complex carbohydrates,
essential amino acids, and polyunsaturated oils and thus promoting a balance diet.
4. I will tell him to reduce the amount of food consumed during lunch. I will
encourage him to follow the Canadian serving size for his age to get the
appropriate daily calories. Processed and packaged foods contain a lot of
unnecessary additives like sugar, salt, Trans fat, and preservatives. I will
encourage him to eat more complex carbohydrates and avoid simple sugars. He
eats food with simple sugars he would be more prone to get obesity. Obesity can
lead to multiple health problems including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, high
blood pressure, cancer, arthritis, gall bladder dysfunction, and reproductive
disorders. He should avoid sugars like sucrose, glucose, or fructose. Eating
Complex carbohydrates like starch found in potatoes, high-fibre whole grain
This study source was downloaded by 100000899606070 from CourseHero.com on 06-16-2025 02:44:36 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/27198031/SBI4UC-UNIT2-MARKEDdocx/
, Running head: ILC Grade 12: Biology University preparation 2
breads, pasta, and a wide variety of vegetables, are much better as they are great
sources of energy and vitamins.
5. I will talk about the amount of energy drinks he drinks in the morning. This drink,
like many others, contain caffeine. A small amount of caffeine can make him feel
awake but over-consumption can lead to anxiety, tiredness, inability to
concentrate, high blood pressure, and other health concerns. Thus I will tell him to
reduce the number of energy drink consumed daily, and try to completely replace
it with water, coffee or tea in the morning. I will advise him to do light exercises
at night to aid better sleep at night making him less tired in the morning, and thus
reducing the need for energy drink.
CORRECT
19. In three sentences, explain how energy is stored in, and released from ATP. (3
marks)
Energy is stored in the structure of ATP which has an adenosine molecule bonded to three
phosphate groups, cells later get this energy by hydrolyzing the unstable bond, which
creates ADP and the release of energy. The energy that is stored in ATP is from cellular
respiration and is kept in the bond of the second and third phosphate groups.
The single bonded oxygen atoms of the phosphate groups are highly negative and repulse
each other making them unstable resulting in the formation of a high energy bond
between the second and third phosphate.
CORRECT
20. Identify the following reactions as being either endergonic or exergonic. (4 marks)
a. NAD+ accepts two electrons and a proton to become NADH.
Endergonic
b. Sucrose undergoes hydrolysis to form glucose and fructose.
Exergonic
c. During cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen take part in reactions that yield
carbon dioxide and water, and release energy.
Exergonic
d. Using the energy harvest from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide are converted
to glucose and oxygen, during photosynthesis.
Endergonic
CORRECT
LESSON 6
21.
a. Create a flow chart, using text, to summarize the ATP, FADH, AND NADH
production in the citric acid cycle (stage 3 of respiration), starting with two
acetyl-CoA molecules. Include the number of carbons found at each stage after
This study source was downloaded by 100000899606070 from CourseHero.com on 06-16-2025 02:44:36 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/27198031/SBI4UC-UNIT2-MARKEDdocx/
