BIOS 252 Final Exam Practice test exam
with correct answers
Which| of| the| following| is| a| recognized| function| of| skeletal| muscle?|
1)| A)| guard| body| entrances| and| exits|
B)| maintain| posture
| C)| maintain| body| temperature|
D)| produce| movement|
E)| all| of| the| above| -| E
Nerves| and| blood| vessels| that| service| the| muscle| fibers| are| located| in| the| connective| tissues| of| the|
A)| myofibrils.|
B)| sarcolemma.|
C)| endomysium.
| D)| sarcomere.|
E)| perimysium.| -| E
Which| of| the| following| best| describes| the| term| sarcoplasmic| reticulum?|
| A)| largely| made| of| myosin| molecules|
B)| storage| and| release| site| for| calcium| ions|
C)| thin| filaments| are| anchored| here|
D)| protein| that| accounts| for| elasticity| of| resting| muscle|
E)| repeating| unit| of| striated| myofibrils| -| B
Interactions| between| actin| and| myosin| filaments| of| the| sarcomere| are| responsible| for|
| A)| the| conduction| of| neural| stimulation| to| the| muscle| fiber.|
B)| muscle| fatigue.|
C)| the| striped| appearance| of| skeletal| muscle.|
D)| muscle| contraction.|
,E)| muscle| relaxation.| -| D
The| region| of| the| sarcomere| that| always| contains| thin| filaments| is| the|
| A)| Z| line.|
B)| A| band.|
C)| H| band.|
D)| M| line.|
E)| I| band.| -| E
At| rest,| active| sites| on| the| actin| are| blocked| by|
| A)| calcium| ions.|
B)| troponin| molecules.|
C)| tropomyosin| molecules.|
D)| myosin| molecules.|
E)| ATP| molecules.| -| C
Cross-bridges| are| portions| of|
| A)| actin| molecules.|
B)| myosin| molecules.|
C)| tropomyosin| molecules.|
D)| troponin| molecules.|
E)| calcium| ions.| -| B
When| a| skeletal| muscle| fiber| contracts,| A)| the| zones| of| overlap| get| larger.|
B)| the| H| bands| and| I| bands| get| smaller.|
C)| the| Z| lines| get| closer| together.| D)| the| width| of| the| A| band| remains| constant.|
E)| all| of| the| above| -| E
The| following| is| a| list| of| the| events| that| occur| during| a| muscle| contraction.| 1.| Myosin| cross-bridges|
bind| to| the| actin.
| 2.| The| free| myosin| head| splits| ATP.|
3.| Calcium| ion| is| released| from| the| sarcoplasmic| reticulum.|
4.| The| myosin| head| pivots| toward| the| center| of| the| sarcomere.|
,5.| Calcium| ion| binds| to| troponin.| 6.| The| myosin| head| binds| an| ATP| molecule| and| detaches| from| the|
actin.
The| correct| sequence| of| these| events| is|
| A)| 3,| 5,| 1,| 2,| 4,| 6.|
B)| 1,| 4,| 6,| 2,| 3,| 5.|
C)| 1,| 3,| 5,| 4,| 6,| 2.|
D)| 5,| 1,| 4,| 6,| 2,| 3.|
E)| 3,| 5,| 1,| 4,| 6,| 2.| -| E
Active| sites| on| the| actin| become| available| for| binding| after|
| A)| troponin| binds| to| tropomyosin.| B)| calcium| binds| to| tropomyosin.| C)| myosin| binds| to| troponin.|
D)| calcium| binds| to| troponin.|
E)| actin| binds| to| troponin.| -| D
In| an| isotonic| contraction,|
A)| muscle| tension| exceeds| the| load| and| the| muscle| lifts| the| load.| B)| many| twitches| fuse| into| one.|
C)| tension| rises| and| falls| but| the| muscle| length| is| constant.|
D)| flexion| is| produced.|
E)| the| peak| tension| is| less| than| the| load.| -| A
During| anaerobic| glycolysis|
| A)| oxygen| is| not| consumed.|
B)| pyruvic| acid| is| produced.|
C)| ATP| is| produced.|
D)| all| of| the| above|
E)| B| and| C| only| -| D
The| type| of| muscle| fiber| that| is| most| resistant| to| fatigue| is| the| ________| fiber.|
| A)| intermediate|
B)| fast|
C)| high-density|
D)| anaerobic
| E)| slow| -| E
, Shortening| a| muscle| while| it| maintains| constant| tension| is| called| ________.|
| A)| complete| tetanus|
B)| an| isometric| contraction|
C)| an| isotonic| contraction|
D)| incomplete| tetanus|
E)| an| isokinetic| contraction| -| C
Which| of| the| following| is| not| a| characteristic| of| a| muscle| cell?|
| A)| Conductivity|
B)| Excitability|
C)| Contractility|
D)| Plasticity|
E)| Extensibility| -| D
The| most| common| lever| systems| in| the| body| are| those| that| have| the| applied| force| between| the|
fulcrum| and| the| load.| These| are| called| ________| levers.|
A)| fourth-class|
B)| second-class|
C)| fifth-class|
D)| third-class|
E)| first-class| -| D
Contracting| the| gastrocnemius| muscles| to| elevate| the| body| on| the| toes| involves| a| ________| lever.|
| A)| fourth-class|
B)| third-class|
C)| first-class|
D)| second-class|
E)| both| B| and| C| -| D
A| muscle| that| inserts| on| the| body| of| the| mandible| is| probably| involved| in|
| A)| chewing.|
B)| blowing.|
C)| spitting.|
with correct answers
Which| of| the| following| is| a| recognized| function| of| skeletal| muscle?|
1)| A)| guard| body| entrances| and| exits|
B)| maintain| posture
| C)| maintain| body| temperature|
D)| produce| movement|
E)| all| of| the| above| -| E
Nerves| and| blood| vessels| that| service| the| muscle| fibers| are| located| in| the| connective| tissues| of| the|
A)| myofibrils.|
B)| sarcolemma.|
C)| endomysium.
| D)| sarcomere.|
E)| perimysium.| -| E
Which| of| the| following| best| describes| the| term| sarcoplasmic| reticulum?|
| A)| largely| made| of| myosin| molecules|
B)| storage| and| release| site| for| calcium| ions|
C)| thin| filaments| are| anchored| here|
D)| protein| that| accounts| for| elasticity| of| resting| muscle|
E)| repeating| unit| of| striated| myofibrils| -| B
Interactions| between| actin| and| myosin| filaments| of| the| sarcomere| are| responsible| for|
| A)| the| conduction| of| neural| stimulation| to| the| muscle| fiber.|
B)| muscle| fatigue.|
C)| the| striped| appearance| of| skeletal| muscle.|
D)| muscle| contraction.|
,E)| muscle| relaxation.| -| D
The| region| of| the| sarcomere| that| always| contains| thin| filaments| is| the|
| A)| Z| line.|
B)| A| band.|
C)| H| band.|
D)| M| line.|
E)| I| band.| -| E
At| rest,| active| sites| on| the| actin| are| blocked| by|
| A)| calcium| ions.|
B)| troponin| molecules.|
C)| tropomyosin| molecules.|
D)| myosin| molecules.|
E)| ATP| molecules.| -| C
Cross-bridges| are| portions| of|
| A)| actin| molecules.|
B)| myosin| molecules.|
C)| tropomyosin| molecules.|
D)| troponin| molecules.|
E)| calcium| ions.| -| B
When| a| skeletal| muscle| fiber| contracts,| A)| the| zones| of| overlap| get| larger.|
B)| the| H| bands| and| I| bands| get| smaller.|
C)| the| Z| lines| get| closer| together.| D)| the| width| of| the| A| band| remains| constant.|
E)| all| of| the| above| -| E
The| following| is| a| list| of| the| events| that| occur| during| a| muscle| contraction.| 1.| Myosin| cross-bridges|
bind| to| the| actin.
| 2.| The| free| myosin| head| splits| ATP.|
3.| Calcium| ion| is| released| from| the| sarcoplasmic| reticulum.|
4.| The| myosin| head| pivots| toward| the| center| of| the| sarcomere.|
,5.| Calcium| ion| binds| to| troponin.| 6.| The| myosin| head| binds| an| ATP| molecule| and| detaches| from| the|
actin.
The| correct| sequence| of| these| events| is|
| A)| 3,| 5,| 1,| 2,| 4,| 6.|
B)| 1,| 4,| 6,| 2,| 3,| 5.|
C)| 1,| 3,| 5,| 4,| 6,| 2.|
D)| 5,| 1,| 4,| 6,| 2,| 3.|
E)| 3,| 5,| 1,| 4,| 6,| 2.| -| E
Active| sites| on| the| actin| become| available| for| binding| after|
| A)| troponin| binds| to| tropomyosin.| B)| calcium| binds| to| tropomyosin.| C)| myosin| binds| to| troponin.|
D)| calcium| binds| to| troponin.|
E)| actin| binds| to| troponin.| -| D
In| an| isotonic| contraction,|
A)| muscle| tension| exceeds| the| load| and| the| muscle| lifts| the| load.| B)| many| twitches| fuse| into| one.|
C)| tension| rises| and| falls| but| the| muscle| length| is| constant.|
D)| flexion| is| produced.|
E)| the| peak| tension| is| less| than| the| load.| -| A
During| anaerobic| glycolysis|
| A)| oxygen| is| not| consumed.|
B)| pyruvic| acid| is| produced.|
C)| ATP| is| produced.|
D)| all| of| the| above|
E)| B| and| C| only| -| D
The| type| of| muscle| fiber| that| is| most| resistant| to| fatigue| is| the| ________| fiber.|
| A)| intermediate|
B)| fast|
C)| high-density|
D)| anaerobic
| E)| slow| -| E
, Shortening| a| muscle| while| it| maintains| constant| tension| is| called| ________.|
| A)| complete| tetanus|
B)| an| isometric| contraction|
C)| an| isotonic| contraction|
D)| incomplete| tetanus|
E)| an| isokinetic| contraction| -| C
Which| of| the| following| is| not| a| characteristic| of| a| muscle| cell?|
| A)| Conductivity|
B)| Excitability|
C)| Contractility|
D)| Plasticity|
E)| Extensibility| -| D
The| most| common| lever| systems| in| the| body| are| those| that| have| the| applied| force| between| the|
fulcrum| and| the| load.| These| are| called| ________| levers.|
A)| fourth-class|
B)| second-class|
C)| fifth-class|
D)| third-class|
E)| first-class| -| D
Contracting| the| gastrocnemius| muscles| to| elevate| the| body| on| the| toes| involves| a| ________| lever.|
| A)| fourth-class|
B)| third-class|
C)| first-class|
D)| second-class|
E)| both| B| and| C| -| D
A| muscle| that| inserts| on| the| body| of| the| mandible| is| probably| involved| in|
| A)| chewing.|
B)| blowing.|
C)| spitting.|
