2025
Aanvullingen in de ziekten van
vogels en bijzondere dieren
2e Ma DGK
1-1-2025
,INHOUDSOPGAVE
Reptielen .............................................................................................................................................6
Algemene anatomie..........................................................................................................................6
Huid .............................................................................................................................................6
Ademhaling ..................................................................................................................................6
Cardiovasculair ............................................................................................................................7
Spijsverteringsstelsel ....................................................................................................................7
Thermoregulatie ...........................................................................................................................7
Bijzondere zintuigen ......................................................................................................................8
Urogenitaalstelsel .........................................................................................................................8
Voortplantingsstelsel ....................................................................................................................9
Geslachtsbepaling ......................................................................................................................... 10
Slangen ...................................................................................................................................... 10
Hagedissen ................................................................................................................................ 10
Schildpadden ............................................................................................................................. 10
Afweer tegen vijanden en manipulatie ............................................................................................. 11
Slangen ...................................................................................................................................... 11
Hagedissen ................................................................................................................................ 12
Schildpadden ............................................................................................................................. 12
Klinisch onderzoek ......................................................................................................................... 13
Signalement en anamnese .......................................................................................................... 13
Algemene indruk ......................................................................................................................... 13
Algemeen onderzoek................................................................................................................... 14
Bijkomend onderzoek.................................................................................................................. 15
Injecties ......................................................................................................................................... 16
Anesthesie ..................................................................................................................................... 17
Anesthesiediepte ........................................................................................................................ 17
Producten .................................................................................................................................. 17
Monitoring .................................................................................................................................. 18
Recovery .................................................................................................................................... 18
Euthanasie ..................................................................................................................................... 18
Ziekten .......................................................................................................................................... 19
Huisvesting ................................................................................................................................ 19
Voeding ...................................................................................................................................... 19
Huidaandoeningen ..................................................................................................................... 20
Dermatomycose = CANV (Chyrososporium anamorf van Nannizziopsis vriesii ................................ 20
Pagina 2 van 60
, Bloedmijt.................................................................................................................................... 21
Teken ......................................................................................................................................... 21
Oogproblemen ........................................................................................................................... 21
Mondrot/stomatitis ..................................................................................................................... 21
Bacteriële aandoeningen ............................................................................................................. 22
Abcessen/granulomen ................................................................................................................ 22
Inclusion body disease = Arenavirus............................................................................................. 23
Schildrot = SCUD (Septicemic cutaneous ulcerative disease) ........................................................ 23
Nierproblemen ........................................................................................................................... 23
Ademhalingsstoornissen ............................................................................................................. 24
Diarree ....................................................................................................................................... 25
Metabolic bone disease (MBD) .................................................................................................... 26
Vitamine imbalans ...................................................................................................................... 27
Brandwonden ............................................................................................................................. 27
Traumata .................................................................................................................................... 27
Predatie ..................................................................................................................................... 27
Myiase ....................................................................................................................................... 27
Cloacaprolaps ............................................................................................................................ 28
Nutritionele problemen ............................................................................................................... 28
Hibernatie ...................................................................................................................................... 28
Aanpassing aan gevangenschap...................................................................................................... 28
Wetgeving ...................................................................................................................................... 28
Amfibieën .......................................................................................................................................... 29
Dermatomycose ............................................................................................................................ 29
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) ........................................................................................... 29
Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) .................................................................................. 29
Kleine zoogdieren .............................................................................................................................. 30
Algemene informatie voor eigenaren................................................................................................ 30
Onderzoek: algemeen en specifiek .................................................................................................. 31
Algemeen onderzoek................................................................................................................... 31
Specifiek en bijkomend onderzoek ............................................................................................... 31
Anesthesie ..................................................................................................................................... 32
Premedicatie en inductie............................................................................................................. 32
Onderhoud ................................................................................................................................. 33
Monitoring .................................................................................................................................. 33
Recovery en postoperatieve zorgen ................................................................................................. 34
Preventie van complicaties peri- en postoperatief ......................................................................... 34
Pagina 3 van 60
, Castratie ........................................................................................................................................ 35
Konijn......................................................................................................................................... 35
Cavia ......................................................................................................................................... 35
Sterilisatie...................................................................................................................................... 35
Meest voorkomende aandoeningen ................................................................................................. 36
Tandproblemen .......................................................................................................................... 36
Darmproblemen ......................................................................................................................... 38
Huidaandoeningen ..................................................................................................................... 38
Ademhalingsproblemen .............................................................................................................. 39
Urinewegproblemen ................................................................................................................... 39
Soorten kleine zoogdieren ............................................................................................................... 40
Fretten ....................................................................................................................................... 40
Hystricomorfe knaagdieren ......................................................................................................... 40
Myomorfe knaagdieren ................................................................................................................ 42
Vissen ............................................................................................................................................... 44
Basisanatomie en fysiologie ............................................................................................................ 44
Spieren....................................................................................................................................... 44
Cardiovasculair .......................................................................................................................... 44
Ademhaling ................................................................................................................................ 44
Spijsvertering .............................................................................................................................. 44
Bloedvorming ............................................................................................................................. 44
Osmoregulatie ............................................................................................................................ 45
Management vijvers ........................................................................................................................ 45
Vijvers ........................................................................................................................................ 45
Waterkwaliteit ............................................................................................................................ 46
Overige eigenschappen ............................................................................................................... 46
Euthanasie ..................................................................................................................................... 46
Klinisch onderzoek ......................................................................................................................... 47
Anamnese .................................................................................................................................. 47
Gedragsobservatie ...................................................................................................................... 47
Uitwendige inspectie................................................................................................................... 47
Staalname voor onderzoek: levende vissen .................................................................................. 48
Staalname voor onderzoek: dode vissen ...................................................................................... 48
Ziekten bij vissen ............................................................................................................................ 49
Costia = Ichthyobodo necator ...................................................................................................... 49
Witstip = Ichthyophthirius miltifiliis = “ich” ................................................................................... 49
Chilodonella ............................................................................................................................... 49
Pagina 4 van 60
Aanvullingen in de ziekten van
vogels en bijzondere dieren
2e Ma DGK
1-1-2025
,INHOUDSOPGAVE
Reptielen .............................................................................................................................................6
Algemene anatomie..........................................................................................................................6
Huid .............................................................................................................................................6
Ademhaling ..................................................................................................................................6
Cardiovasculair ............................................................................................................................7
Spijsverteringsstelsel ....................................................................................................................7
Thermoregulatie ...........................................................................................................................7
Bijzondere zintuigen ......................................................................................................................8
Urogenitaalstelsel .........................................................................................................................8
Voortplantingsstelsel ....................................................................................................................9
Geslachtsbepaling ......................................................................................................................... 10
Slangen ...................................................................................................................................... 10
Hagedissen ................................................................................................................................ 10
Schildpadden ............................................................................................................................. 10
Afweer tegen vijanden en manipulatie ............................................................................................. 11
Slangen ...................................................................................................................................... 11
Hagedissen ................................................................................................................................ 12
Schildpadden ............................................................................................................................. 12
Klinisch onderzoek ......................................................................................................................... 13
Signalement en anamnese .......................................................................................................... 13
Algemene indruk ......................................................................................................................... 13
Algemeen onderzoek................................................................................................................... 14
Bijkomend onderzoek.................................................................................................................. 15
Injecties ......................................................................................................................................... 16
Anesthesie ..................................................................................................................................... 17
Anesthesiediepte ........................................................................................................................ 17
Producten .................................................................................................................................. 17
Monitoring .................................................................................................................................. 18
Recovery .................................................................................................................................... 18
Euthanasie ..................................................................................................................................... 18
Ziekten .......................................................................................................................................... 19
Huisvesting ................................................................................................................................ 19
Voeding ...................................................................................................................................... 19
Huidaandoeningen ..................................................................................................................... 20
Dermatomycose = CANV (Chyrososporium anamorf van Nannizziopsis vriesii ................................ 20
Pagina 2 van 60
, Bloedmijt.................................................................................................................................... 21
Teken ......................................................................................................................................... 21
Oogproblemen ........................................................................................................................... 21
Mondrot/stomatitis ..................................................................................................................... 21
Bacteriële aandoeningen ............................................................................................................. 22
Abcessen/granulomen ................................................................................................................ 22
Inclusion body disease = Arenavirus............................................................................................. 23
Schildrot = SCUD (Septicemic cutaneous ulcerative disease) ........................................................ 23
Nierproblemen ........................................................................................................................... 23
Ademhalingsstoornissen ............................................................................................................. 24
Diarree ....................................................................................................................................... 25
Metabolic bone disease (MBD) .................................................................................................... 26
Vitamine imbalans ...................................................................................................................... 27
Brandwonden ............................................................................................................................. 27
Traumata .................................................................................................................................... 27
Predatie ..................................................................................................................................... 27
Myiase ....................................................................................................................................... 27
Cloacaprolaps ............................................................................................................................ 28
Nutritionele problemen ............................................................................................................... 28
Hibernatie ...................................................................................................................................... 28
Aanpassing aan gevangenschap...................................................................................................... 28
Wetgeving ...................................................................................................................................... 28
Amfibieën .......................................................................................................................................... 29
Dermatomycose ............................................................................................................................ 29
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) ........................................................................................... 29
Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) .................................................................................. 29
Kleine zoogdieren .............................................................................................................................. 30
Algemene informatie voor eigenaren................................................................................................ 30
Onderzoek: algemeen en specifiek .................................................................................................. 31
Algemeen onderzoek................................................................................................................... 31
Specifiek en bijkomend onderzoek ............................................................................................... 31
Anesthesie ..................................................................................................................................... 32
Premedicatie en inductie............................................................................................................. 32
Onderhoud ................................................................................................................................. 33
Monitoring .................................................................................................................................. 33
Recovery en postoperatieve zorgen ................................................................................................. 34
Preventie van complicaties peri- en postoperatief ......................................................................... 34
Pagina 3 van 60
, Castratie ........................................................................................................................................ 35
Konijn......................................................................................................................................... 35
Cavia ......................................................................................................................................... 35
Sterilisatie...................................................................................................................................... 35
Meest voorkomende aandoeningen ................................................................................................. 36
Tandproblemen .......................................................................................................................... 36
Darmproblemen ......................................................................................................................... 38
Huidaandoeningen ..................................................................................................................... 38
Ademhalingsproblemen .............................................................................................................. 39
Urinewegproblemen ................................................................................................................... 39
Soorten kleine zoogdieren ............................................................................................................... 40
Fretten ....................................................................................................................................... 40
Hystricomorfe knaagdieren ......................................................................................................... 40
Myomorfe knaagdieren ................................................................................................................ 42
Vissen ............................................................................................................................................... 44
Basisanatomie en fysiologie ............................................................................................................ 44
Spieren....................................................................................................................................... 44
Cardiovasculair .......................................................................................................................... 44
Ademhaling ................................................................................................................................ 44
Spijsvertering .............................................................................................................................. 44
Bloedvorming ............................................................................................................................. 44
Osmoregulatie ............................................................................................................................ 45
Management vijvers ........................................................................................................................ 45
Vijvers ........................................................................................................................................ 45
Waterkwaliteit ............................................................................................................................ 46
Overige eigenschappen ............................................................................................................... 46
Euthanasie ..................................................................................................................................... 46
Klinisch onderzoek ......................................................................................................................... 47
Anamnese .................................................................................................................................. 47
Gedragsobservatie ...................................................................................................................... 47
Uitwendige inspectie................................................................................................................... 47
Staalname voor onderzoek: levende vissen .................................................................................. 48
Staalname voor onderzoek: dode vissen ...................................................................................... 48
Ziekten bij vissen ............................................................................................................................ 49
Costia = Ichthyobodo necator ...................................................................................................... 49
Witstip = Ichthyophthirius miltifiliis = “ich” ................................................................................... 49
Chilodonella ............................................................................................................................... 49
Pagina 4 van 60
