Exam 1 Anatomy & Physiology The Unity of Form and Function
updated A+ Questions with 100% correct answers 2025.
Comparative PhysiologyCorrect AnswerThe study of how different species have solved problems of life
such as water balance, respiration, and reproduction. Comparative physiology is also the basis for the
development of new drugs and medical procedures.
HippocratesCorrect AnswerGreek physician, the "father" of medicine. He and his followers established a
code of ethics for physicians, the Hippocratic Oath, that is still re-cited in modern form by graduating
physicians at some medical schools.
AristotleCorrect AnswerOne of the first philosophers to write about anatomy and physiology. He
believed that diseases and other natural events could have either supernatural causes, which he called
theologi, or natural ones, which he called physici or physiologi. We derive such terms as physician and
physiology from the latter. Until the nineteenth century, physicians were called " doctors of physic." In
his anatomy book, On the Parts of Animals, Aristotle tried to identify unifying themes in nature. Among
other points, he argued that complex structures are built from a smaller variety of simple components—
a perspective that we will find useful later in this chapter.
Claudius GalenCorrect AnswerPhysician to the Roman gladiators, wrote the most influential medical
textbook of the ancient era— a book worshipped to excess by medical professors for centuries to follow.
MaimonidesCorrect AnswerJewish physician - Moses ben Maimon. A highly admired rabbi, Mai-monides
wrote voluminously on Jewish law and theology, but also wrote 10 influential medical books and
numerous treatises on specific diseases.
Avicenna or " the Galen of Islam"Correct AnswerMost highly regarded medical scholar among Muslims.
His textbook was "The Canon of Medicine" the leading authority in European medical schools for over
500 years.
Andreas VesaliusCorrect AnswerTaught anatomy in Italy. Wrote the first Atlas
William HarveyCorrect AnswerWhat Vesalius was to anatomy, Harvey was to physiology. Harvey is
remembered especially for his studies of blood circulation and a little book he published in 1628, known
by its abbreviated title De Motu Cordis ( On the Motion of the Heart).
, Michael ServetusCorrect AnswerHe & Harvey were the first Western scientists to realize that blood must
circulate continuously around the body, from the heart to the other organs and back to the heart again.
Robert HookeCorrect AnswerAn Englishman, designed scientific instruments of various kinds, including
the compound microscope. This is a tube with a lens at each end— an objective lens near the specimen,
which produces an initial magnified image, and an ocular lens (eyepiece) near the ob-server's eye, which
magnifies the first image still further.
Antony van LeeuwenhoekCorrect AnswerA Dutch textile merchant, invented a simple ( single- lens)
microscope, originally for the purpose of examining the weave of fabrics. His microscope was a bead-like
lens mounted in a metal plate equipped with a movable specimen clip. Even though his microscopes
were simpler than Hooke's, they achieved much greater useful magnification ( up to 200×) owing to
Leeuwenhoek's superior lens-making technique.
Matthias Schleiden and Theodor SchwannCorrect AnswerConcluded that all organisms were composed
of cells.
Francis Bacon in England and René Descartes in FranceCorrect AnswerThey are credited with putting
science on the path to modernity, not by discovering anything new in nature or inventing any
techniques— for neither man was a scientist— but by inventing new habits of scientific thought. based
on assumptions and methods that yield reliable, objective, testable information about nature.
Scientific methodCorrect AnswerRefers less to observational procedures than to certain habits of
disciplined creativity, careful observation, logical thinking, and honest analysis of one's observations and
conclusions. It is especially important in health science to understand these habits.
Inductive MethodCorrect AnswerFirst prescribed by Bacon, is a process of making numerous
observations until one feels confident in drawing generalizations and predictions from them. What we
know of anatomy is a product of the inductive method.
Hypothetico- deductive methodCorrect AnswerThe confirmation theory that a hypothesis is confirmed
when all of it logical consequences turn out to be true.
updated A+ Questions with 100% correct answers 2025.
Comparative PhysiologyCorrect AnswerThe study of how different species have solved problems of life
such as water balance, respiration, and reproduction. Comparative physiology is also the basis for the
development of new drugs and medical procedures.
HippocratesCorrect AnswerGreek physician, the "father" of medicine. He and his followers established a
code of ethics for physicians, the Hippocratic Oath, that is still re-cited in modern form by graduating
physicians at some medical schools.
AristotleCorrect AnswerOne of the first philosophers to write about anatomy and physiology. He
believed that diseases and other natural events could have either supernatural causes, which he called
theologi, or natural ones, which he called physici or physiologi. We derive such terms as physician and
physiology from the latter. Until the nineteenth century, physicians were called " doctors of physic." In
his anatomy book, On the Parts of Animals, Aristotle tried to identify unifying themes in nature. Among
other points, he argued that complex structures are built from a smaller variety of simple components—
a perspective that we will find useful later in this chapter.
Claudius GalenCorrect AnswerPhysician to the Roman gladiators, wrote the most influential medical
textbook of the ancient era— a book worshipped to excess by medical professors for centuries to follow.
MaimonidesCorrect AnswerJewish physician - Moses ben Maimon. A highly admired rabbi, Mai-monides
wrote voluminously on Jewish law and theology, but also wrote 10 influential medical books and
numerous treatises on specific diseases.
Avicenna or " the Galen of Islam"Correct AnswerMost highly regarded medical scholar among Muslims.
His textbook was "The Canon of Medicine" the leading authority in European medical schools for over
500 years.
Andreas VesaliusCorrect AnswerTaught anatomy in Italy. Wrote the first Atlas
William HarveyCorrect AnswerWhat Vesalius was to anatomy, Harvey was to physiology. Harvey is
remembered especially for his studies of blood circulation and a little book he published in 1628, known
by its abbreviated title De Motu Cordis ( On the Motion of the Heart).
, Michael ServetusCorrect AnswerHe & Harvey were the first Western scientists to realize that blood must
circulate continuously around the body, from the heart to the other organs and back to the heart again.
Robert HookeCorrect AnswerAn Englishman, designed scientific instruments of various kinds, including
the compound microscope. This is a tube with a lens at each end— an objective lens near the specimen,
which produces an initial magnified image, and an ocular lens (eyepiece) near the ob-server's eye, which
magnifies the first image still further.
Antony van LeeuwenhoekCorrect AnswerA Dutch textile merchant, invented a simple ( single- lens)
microscope, originally for the purpose of examining the weave of fabrics. His microscope was a bead-like
lens mounted in a metal plate equipped with a movable specimen clip. Even though his microscopes
were simpler than Hooke's, they achieved much greater useful magnification ( up to 200×) owing to
Leeuwenhoek's superior lens-making technique.
Matthias Schleiden and Theodor SchwannCorrect AnswerConcluded that all organisms were composed
of cells.
Francis Bacon in England and René Descartes in FranceCorrect AnswerThey are credited with putting
science on the path to modernity, not by discovering anything new in nature or inventing any
techniques— for neither man was a scientist— but by inventing new habits of scientific thought. based
on assumptions and methods that yield reliable, objective, testable information about nature.
Scientific methodCorrect AnswerRefers less to observational procedures than to certain habits of
disciplined creativity, careful observation, logical thinking, and honest analysis of one's observations and
conclusions. It is especially important in health science to understand these habits.
Inductive MethodCorrect AnswerFirst prescribed by Bacon, is a process of making numerous
observations until one feels confident in drawing generalizations and predictions from them. What we
know of anatomy is a product of the inductive method.
Hypothetico- deductive methodCorrect AnswerThe confirmation theory that a hypothesis is confirmed
when all of it logical consequences turn out to be true.
