NUR 221 EXAM 2
Any drug with similar actions to morphne - (ANSWERS)opioid !@#$%%%%%
%%%%%%
Endogenous opioids - (ANSWERS)found in CNS and peripheral tissue, produced naturally by
the body
Two types of opioid receptors - (ANSWERS)Mu and Kappa (Delta but these arent important)
The drugs that are utilized in the treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers competitively block
which type of histamine receptors - (ANSWERS)histamine 2 receptors
Types of histamine 2 blockers - (ANSWERS)-cimetidine or tagamet
-stronger ones, ranitidine famotidine nazatidine
The stomach's parietal cells contain histamine₂ receptors that, when triggered - (ANSWERS)will
secrete gastric acid
The concentration of hydrogen ions and gastric acid is ______________when the histamine₂
receptors are obstructed - (ANSWERS)decreased
Admin for cimetidine or tagamet - (ANSWERS)3-4 times a day because its duration of action
only lasts 4-5 hours
Therapeutic uses of cimetidine - (ANSWERS)GERD and ulcerations of GI tract
Caused by a backflow of gastric acid, and sometimes gastric contents, into the esophagus. This
results in irritation, inflammation, and, possibly, ulceration of the esophagus. -
(ANSWERS)GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
Most commonly perscribed drugs for sx relief of GERD - (ANSWERS)H2 antagonists and proton
pump inhibitors
Aspiration pneumonitis - (ANSWERS)aspiration of gastric acids, can occur during general
anesthesia
What is used prophylactically to prevent aspiration pneumonitis - (ANSWERS)ranitidine
Three routes for cimetidine - (ANSWERS)PO, IM, IV
The absorption rate of cimetidine is slowed when administered - (ANSWERS)orally with food
Exceretion and elimination of cimetidine - (ANSWERS)minimal amount metabolized in liver but
mostly excreted in urine
Half life of cimetidine with renal impairment - (ANSWERS)is prolonged
, NUR 221 EXAM 2
!@#$%%%%%
Is often favored over cimetidine in the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome %%%%%%
(development of
peptic ulcers from gastric acid hyper secretion caused by a tumor-producing gastrin) because
of its higher potency and fewer side effects - (ANSWERS)ranitidine
90% of those taking ranitidine have significant ulcer healing in how many weeks - (ANSWERS)8
weeks
T/F histamine 2 blockers are effective in treating gastric carcinoma - (ANSWERS)FALSE
Cells that secrete gastric acid - (ANSWERS)parietal cells
Assessment of pt on histamine 2 blocker - (ANSWERS)pain, GI complaints, mental status, I&O
fluid/electrolyte imbalances, gastric ph, BUN and cretaine
Contraindications for cimetidine - (ANSWERS)hypersensitivity, cautious with renal impairment
and older adults
Contraindications and cautions for ranitidine - (ANSWERS)hypersensitivity; renal impairment,
older adults, hx of porphyria, breastfeeding mothers
Calcium channel blockers with cimetidine - (ANSWERS)effect is intensified
Histamine 2 blockers with antacids - (ANSWERS)histamine 2 blocking mechanism is lowered
Oral anticoagulants and histamine 2 antagonists - (ANSWERS)effects increase
Assessments for those taking ranitidine or cimetidine - (ANSWERS)GI bleeding (blood in the
stool), mental status changes, kidney funciton, abdominal pain or discomfort
Histamine₂ blockers can have numerous adverse reactions and side effects. Some of these
include - (ANSWERS)itchy skin, decreased sexual drive, impotence, constipation, dizziness,
headache, skin rash, breast enlargement in males
Histamine2 blockers should be administered ___________________ and _____________________
to prevent food induced acid secretion - (ANSWERS)at bedtime, just before meals
Histamine 2 doses in older adults - (ANSWERS)should be reduced
Histamine2 blockers and antacids should be taken at least _________ hours apart -
(ANSWERS)one
What foods should be avoided with gastric problems - (ANSWERS)spicy foods because they
irriate gastric secretions
Any drug with similar actions to morphne - (ANSWERS)opioid !@#$%%%%%
%%%%%%
Endogenous opioids - (ANSWERS)found in CNS and peripheral tissue, produced naturally by
the body
Two types of opioid receptors - (ANSWERS)Mu and Kappa (Delta but these arent important)
The drugs that are utilized in the treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers competitively block
which type of histamine receptors - (ANSWERS)histamine 2 receptors
Types of histamine 2 blockers - (ANSWERS)-cimetidine or tagamet
-stronger ones, ranitidine famotidine nazatidine
The stomach's parietal cells contain histamine₂ receptors that, when triggered - (ANSWERS)will
secrete gastric acid
The concentration of hydrogen ions and gastric acid is ______________when the histamine₂
receptors are obstructed - (ANSWERS)decreased
Admin for cimetidine or tagamet - (ANSWERS)3-4 times a day because its duration of action
only lasts 4-5 hours
Therapeutic uses of cimetidine - (ANSWERS)GERD and ulcerations of GI tract
Caused by a backflow of gastric acid, and sometimes gastric contents, into the esophagus. This
results in irritation, inflammation, and, possibly, ulceration of the esophagus. -
(ANSWERS)GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
Most commonly perscribed drugs for sx relief of GERD - (ANSWERS)H2 antagonists and proton
pump inhibitors
Aspiration pneumonitis - (ANSWERS)aspiration of gastric acids, can occur during general
anesthesia
What is used prophylactically to prevent aspiration pneumonitis - (ANSWERS)ranitidine
Three routes for cimetidine - (ANSWERS)PO, IM, IV
The absorption rate of cimetidine is slowed when administered - (ANSWERS)orally with food
Exceretion and elimination of cimetidine - (ANSWERS)minimal amount metabolized in liver but
mostly excreted in urine
Half life of cimetidine with renal impairment - (ANSWERS)is prolonged
, NUR 221 EXAM 2
!@#$%%%%%
Is often favored over cimetidine in the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome %%%%%%
(development of
peptic ulcers from gastric acid hyper secretion caused by a tumor-producing gastrin) because
of its higher potency and fewer side effects - (ANSWERS)ranitidine
90% of those taking ranitidine have significant ulcer healing in how many weeks - (ANSWERS)8
weeks
T/F histamine 2 blockers are effective in treating gastric carcinoma - (ANSWERS)FALSE
Cells that secrete gastric acid - (ANSWERS)parietal cells
Assessment of pt on histamine 2 blocker - (ANSWERS)pain, GI complaints, mental status, I&O
fluid/electrolyte imbalances, gastric ph, BUN and cretaine
Contraindications for cimetidine - (ANSWERS)hypersensitivity, cautious with renal impairment
and older adults
Contraindications and cautions for ranitidine - (ANSWERS)hypersensitivity; renal impairment,
older adults, hx of porphyria, breastfeeding mothers
Calcium channel blockers with cimetidine - (ANSWERS)effect is intensified
Histamine 2 blockers with antacids - (ANSWERS)histamine 2 blocking mechanism is lowered
Oral anticoagulants and histamine 2 antagonists - (ANSWERS)effects increase
Assessments for those taking ranitidine or cimetidine - (ANSWERS)GI bleeding (blood in the
stool), mental status changes, kidney funciton, abdominal pain or discomfort
Histamine₂ blockers can have numerous adverse reactions and side effects. Some of these
include - (ANSWERS)itchy skin, decreased sexual drive, impotence, constipation, dizziness,
headache, skin rash, breast enlargement in males
Histamine2 blockers should be administered ___________________ and _____________________
to prevent food induced acid secretion - (ANSWERS)at bedtime, just before meals
Histamine 2 doses in older adults - (ANSWERS)should be reduced
Histamine2 blockers and antacids should be taken at least _________ hours apart -
(ANSWERS)one
What foods should be avoided with gastric problems - (ANSWERS)spicy foods because they
irriate gastric secretions
