ARDMS Abdomen Review (Based off of
URR Review Course)
What does an increased RI mean CORRECT ANS: increased resistance in vascular bed
What does an increased pulsatility index mean CORRECT ANS: increased resistance in vascular bed
Normal PI for vessels supplying organs such as kidneys CORRECT ANS: < 0.75
Hydrostatic pressure:
when supine
at ankle when standing
above heart when standing CORRECT ANS: 0 mmHg
100 mmHg
-30 mmHg
What vessel is the most posterior abdominal vessel CORRECT ANS: aorta
Paired branches of the aorta (5) CORRECT ANS: suprarenal arteries (adrenal glands)
renal arteries (kidneys)
gonadal arteries (ovaries/testicles)
lumbar arteries
common iliac arteries
Unpaired branches of the aorta (4) CORRECT ANS: celiac axis (common hepatic, splenic, left gastric
arteries)
,SMA
IMA
median sacral artery
What level common iliac arteries bifurcate CORRECT ANS: L3-4
Decreased hematocrit may indicate what CORRECT ANS: bleed in body
What happens to the aorta as you follow it distally (2) CORRECT ANS: gets smaller
becomes more anterior
Aortic Ectasia CORRECT ANS: lack of tapering of aorta as you move distally (can be precursor to
aneurysm)
AAA
What vessel walls are involved CORRECT ANS: focal dilation of aorta >3cm or >50% diameter between
two adjacent segments
all three
Most common cause of AAA CORRECT ANS: atherosclerotic disease
Risk factors for AAA (4) CORRECT ANS: 1. male
2. family history
3. smoking
4. chronic hypertension
,Saccular aneurysm CORRECT ANS: localized round out pouching, may have small stalk
Fusiform aneurysm CORRECT ANS: vessel wall stretched in circumferential manner (most common)
Mycotic aneurysm CORRECT ANS: infected aneurysm, seen with syphilis
Most common location of fusiform aneurysms CORRECT ANS: infrarenal
At what diameter is surgical intervention done on an AAA CORRECT ANS: >5.5cm
Complications of AAA (5) CORRECT ANS: 1. rupture
2. decreased blood to lower extremities
3. thrombus accumulation and embolization (blue toe syndrome)
4. affects renal circulation and systemic blood pressure (if suprarenal)
5. compress IVC
Yin Yang Sign CORRECT ANS: sonographic sign with AAA
swirling of blood in body of aneurysm on color doppler
Splanchnic artery aneurysm most commonly occurs in
What gender is this more common in CORRECT ANS: splenic artery
women
Aneurysm in the hepatic artery most commonly occurs in what segment CORRECT ANS: extra hepatic
, With endovascular aortic repair, what happens to the native aortic sac over time
What plane should it be measured in CORRECT ANS: decreased in size
transverse
If aortic sac expands more than _____ between exams, a leak should be suspected CORRECT ANS: 0.6
cm
Type I dissection
Type II dissection
Type III dissection CORRECT ANS: ascending and descending aorta
ascending aorta, associated with Marfan syndrome
descending aorta
Marfan syndrome CORRECT ANS: genetic disorder affecting connective tissue of heart, vessels, bones
Aortic rupture symptoms CORRECT ANS: back pain
hypotension
Leriche syndrome (3) CORRECT ANS: aortoiliac occlusive disease
occlusion of abdominal aorta just above CIA bif
causes bilateral lower extremity ischemia symptoms
Retroperitoneal fibrosis other name, most common location CORRECT ANS: Ormond disease
most commonly at aortic bifurcation and inferiorly in pelvis
Retroperitoneal fibrosis sonographically (4) CORRECT ANS: soft tissue mass surrounding great vessels
URR Review Course)
What does an increased RI mean CORRECT ANS: increased resistance in vascular bed
What does an increased pulsatility index mean CORRECT ANS: increased resistance in vascular bed
Normal PI for vessels supplying organs such as kidneys CORRECT ANS: < 0.75
Hydrostatic pressure:
when supine
at ankle when standing
above heart when standing CORRECT ANS: 0 mmHg
100 mmHg
-30 mmHg
What vessel is the most posterior abdominal vessel CORRECT ANS: aorta
Paired branches of the aorta (5) CORRECT ANS: suprarenal arteries (adrenal glands)
renal arteries (kidneys)
gonadal arteries (ovaries/testicles)
lumbar arteries
common iliac arteries
Unpaired branches of the aorta (4) CORRECT ANS: celiac axis (common hepatic, splenic, left gastric
arteries)
,SMA
IMA
median sacral artery
What level common iliac arteries bifurcate CORRECT ANS: L3-4
Decreased hematocrit may indicate what CORRECT ANS: bleed in body
What happens to the aorta as you follow it distally (2) CORRECT ANS: gets smaller
becomes more anterior
Aortic Ectasia CORRECT ANS: lack of tapering of aorta as you move distally (can be precursor to
aneurysm)
AAA
What vessel walls are involved CORRECT ANS: focal dilation of aorta >3cm or >50% diameter between
two adjacent segments
all three
Most common cause of AAA CORRECT ANS: atherosclerotic disease
Risk factors for AAA (4) CORRECT ANS: 1. male
2. family history
3. smoking
4. chronic hypertension
,Saccular aneurysm CORRECT ANS: localized round out pouching, may have small stalk
Fusiform aneurysm CORRECT ANS: vessel wall stretched in circumferential manner (most common)
Mycotic aneurysm CORRECT ANS: infected aneurysm, seen with syphilis
Most common location of fusiform aneurysms CORRECT ANS: infrarenal
At what diameter is surgical intervention done on an AAA CORRECT ANS: >5.5cm
Complications of AAA (5) CORRECT ANS: 1. rupture
2. decreased blood to lower extremities
3. thrombus accumulation and embolization (blue toe syndrome)
4. affects renal circulation and systemic blood pressure (if suprarenal)
5. compress IVC
Yin Yang Sign CORRECT ANS: sonographic sign with AAA
swirling of blood in body of aneurysm on color doppler
Splanchnic artery aneurysm most commonly occurs in
What gender is this more common in CORRECT ANS: splenic artery
women
Aneurysm in the hepatic artery most commonly occurs in what segment CORRECT ANS: extra hepatic
, With endovascular aortic repair, what happens to the native aortic sac over time
What plane should it be measured in CORRECT ANS: decreased in size
transverse
If aortic sac expands more than _____ between exams, a leak should be suspected CORRECT ANS: 0.6
cm
Type I dissection
Type II dissection
Type III dissection CORRECT ANS: ascending and descending aorta
ascending aorta, associated with Marfan syndrome
descending aorta
Marfan syndrome CORRECT ANS: genetic disorder affecting connective tissue of heart, vessels, bones
Aortic rupture symptoms CORRECT ANS: back pain
hypotension
Leriche syndrome (3) CORRECT ANS: aortoiliac occlusive disease
occlusion of abdominal aorta just above CIA bif
causes bilateral lower extremity ischemia symptoms
Retroperitoneal fibrosis other name, most common location CORRECT ANS: Ormond disease
most commonly at aortic bifurcation and inferiorly in pelvis
Retroperitoneal fibrosis sonographically (4) CORRECT ANS: soft tissue mass surrounding great vessels
