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Upper Paleolithic Tools - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A wide variety of materials (bone,
antler, ivory)
Unclear if associated with humans or Neanderthals
UP Tools used for - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Trade with wide networks and were
transported very long distances
UP Hunting - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Expanded range (Large herbivore, Fish,
Birds)
UP Gathering - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Wild barley, wheat, pistachios, olives, figs,
grapes- although doesn't fossilize well
UP Shelters - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Mammoth Bones and skin coverings
UP Life - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Is better. Higher population, longer lifespan, less
trauma & illness, expanded ranges mean able to cope with temperatures
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,UP Fashions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Made clothes (Needles, awls used) from
animal skins and decorated with beads
UP Ritual - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The first example of. Burials common,
ornaments and tools found in graves
UP Art - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Carvings, musical instruments, ornaments. The
Cave of Forgotten Dreams.
Humans and Chimps Relatedness - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1.2%
Humans and Bonobos Relatedness - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1.3%
Humans and Gorillas Relatedness - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1.75%
Regulatory Genes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔control how genes are turned on and
off
Heterozygous Advantage - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The allele that causes a
deleterious condition in the homozygous recessive condition creates an
ADVANTAGE for the heterozygote
Example of the Heterozygous Advantage - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Sickle Cell
Anemia
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, The Ss creates some suckling with leads to a significant resistance against
malaria
Lactose tolerance - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A Mutation of
M to T in N. Europeans
G to C in N. Africans
Selective Sweeps - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔When a variant is particularly beneficial
it will spread rapidly through the population
Haplotypes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Chunks of DNA that moves together
Continuous Variation - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Example is skin color
Variation in skin color - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A trade off of the need for Vitamin D
synthesis and the protection from UV rays which break down folate
(required for DNA synthesis)
Darker Skin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Preserves folate
Lighter Skin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔enables Vitamin D synthesis
Founder Effects - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔When gene flow is very limited, occurs in
a small population
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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