GCSE AQA Biology Higher 2025| COMPLETE EXAM SET
(questions and verified answers)frequently most tested
questions | already passed!!
Are animal cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic? - (ANSWERS)eukaryotic !@#$%%%%%
%%%%%%
Are plant cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic? - (ANSWERS)eukaryotic
Are bacteria cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - (ANSWERS)prokaryotic
Are prokaryotic cells much bigger or smaller than eukaryotic? - (ANSWERS)much smaller
Parts of a eukaryotic cell - (ANSWERS)cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
Parts of a prokaryotic cell - (ANSWERS)cell wall
Dna loop
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Plasmids
Give 5 sub cellular structures that are found in both animal and plant cells? - (ANSWERS)-
nucleus
-cytoplasm
-cell membrane
-ribosomes
-mitochondria
Give 3 sub cellular structures that are found in plant cells but not in animal plants? -
(ANSWERS)-cell wall
-chloroplasts
-permanent vacuole
What the function of the nucleus ? - (ANSWERS)contains genetic material
Function of cell membrane - (ANSWERS)regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Function of mitochondria - (ANSWERS)cellular respiration
Function of chloroplast - (ANSWERS)contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for
photosyntheis
Cell wall function? - (ANSWERS)provides support and protection
Function of plasmids in bacteria cell? - (ANSWERS)contains extra genetic material that can
help the bacteria cell survive
,GCSE AQA Biology Higher 2025| COMPLETE EXAM SET
(questions and verified answers)frequently most tested
questions | already passed!!
!@#$%%%%%
What are plant cell walls made of? - (ANSWERS)cellulose %%%%%%
What is a plant cells permanent vacuole filled will? - (ANSWERS)cell sap
Give 2 differences between electron microscopes and light microscopes? -
(ANSWERS)electron microscopes have a much higher magnification and a much higher
resolution than light microscopes
What formula is used to calculate magnification of an image? - (ANSWERS)magnification =
imagine size /real size
Give a brief method for using a light microscope to look at a prepared slide - (ANSWERS)using
a light microscope to look at a prepared slide
1)put the slide on the stage
2)select the lowest power lens
3)use the coarse adjustment knob to roughly focus the slide
4)use the fine adjustment(fa)knob to clearly focus the slide
5)switch to a higher power lens to increase magnification and refocus with the fa knob
Give 3 things to remember when drawing cells observed through a light microscope ? -
(ANSWERS)-use a pencil
-label the main structures
-include the magnification used
What happens when cells differentiate? - (ANSWERS)when cells differentiate they develop
different sub-cellular structures that make them carry out certain functions
How are animal cells different to plant cells in their ability to differentiate? - (ANSWERS)most
animal cells differentiate early in development and can't differentiate again
Many plant cells can differentiate whenever they need to
Give 3 ways that a sperm cell is specialised to do its job - (ANSWERS)function:to get dna into
egg cell
-tail for swimming
-lots of mitochondria to provide energy
-enzymes in head to digest egg cell membrane
Give 2 ways that a nerve cell is specialised to do its job - (ANSWERS)function:carries messages
around the body at high speed
,GCSE AQA Biology Higher 2025| COMPLETE EXAM SET
(questions and verified answers)frequently most tested
questions | already passed!!
-fatty sheath speeds up message transport !@#$%%%%%
-long so it can carry messages over a distance %%%%%%
How is a plant root cell specialised to do its job? - (ANSWERS)function:helps a plant absorb
water and minerals from soil.
-a long and thin extension gives a larger surface area for absorption
Give 2 ways that muscle cells are specialised to do their jobs? - (ANSWERS)function:creates
movement by contracting and relaxing
-long protein strands that can slide over each other ti shorten/lengthen the cell
-lots of mitochondria to generate energy
How are xylem cells specialised? - (ANSWERS)function:xylem cells form tubes that transport
ester and minerals through the plant.
*they're dead cells with holes at either end-water and minerals can just flow right through them
How are phloem cells specialised? - (ANSWERS)function:transport dissolved sugars in a plant.
-few sub cellular structures so sugars flow through easily
-pores in end walls to let sugars through
Where are chromosomes found? - (ANSWERS)nucleus
What are chromosomes made up of? - (ANSWERS)long lengths of dna
How many chromosomes are there in the total human body? - (ANSWERS)there are 46 in a
human body cell
How many pairs of chromosomes are there in the human body cell? - (ANSWERS)there are 23
pairs of chromosomes in a human body cell
Why is the cell cycle important? - (ANSWERS)because it creates new cells which allows
organisms to grow and develop
What are the three stages of the cell cycle? - (ANSWERS)1)growth
2)mitosis
3)division
What happens during the growth stage of the cell cycle? - (ANSWERS)-extra sub cellular
structures are made
-the dna of each chromosome is duplicated
, GCSE AQA Biology Higher 2025| COMPLETE EXAM SET
(questions and verified answers)frequently most tested
questions | already passed!!
What happens during mitosis in the cell cycle? - (ANSWERS)-chromosomes are pulled apart to
!@#$%%%%%
opposite ends of the cell %%%%%%
-nucleus from around each set of chromsomes
What happens during division stage of the cell cycle? - (ANSWERS)-the cytoplasm and cell
membrane split into two
-two cells form that are genetically identical to each other and the original cell
What is a stem cell? - (ANSWERS)an undifferentiated cell that can divide to make more stem
cells or differentiate into certain types of cells
Whats the difference between stem cells from human embryos and stem cells from adults? -
(ANSWERS)human embryos can differentiate into most types of cells.
Stem cells from adults can only differentiate into certain cell types
Give 2 conditions stem cells could treat - (ANSWERS)-diabetes
-paralysis
Describe how therapeutic cloning works? - (ANSWERS)tc is a treatment where an embryo is
made with the same genes as a patient.
Stem cells from the embryo are used to treat the patient-the stem cells aren't rejected because
they are genetically identical to the patients other cells.
Give a risk of using stem cells to treat illnesses - (ANSWERS)-stem cells can become infected
with viruses
Using infected stem cells to teat a patient risks transferring a viral infection to the patients
Why do some people object to the use of stem cells from human embryos? - (ANSWERS)human
embryos are destroyed when stem cells are collected from them.
As embryos could become human beings, some people believe destroying embryos is like
killing a human being.
Where are stem cells found in plants? - (ANSWERS)meristems in roots and stems
When during a plant's life can its stem cells differentiate? - (ANSWERS)they can differentiate
right throughout the plants life
(questions and verified answers)frequently most tested
questions | already passed!!
Are animal cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic? - (ANSWERS)eukaryotic !@#$%%%%%
%%%%%%
Are plant cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic? - (ANSWERS)eukaryotic
Are bacteria cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - (ANSWERS)prokaryotic
Are prokaryotic cells much bigger or smaller than eukaryotic? - (ANSWERS)much smaller
Parts of a eukaryotic cell - (ANSWERS)cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
Parts of a prokaryotic cell - (ANSWERS)cell wall
Dna loop
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Plasmids
Give 5 sub cellular structures that are found in both animal and plant cells? - (ANSWERS)-
nucleus
-cytoplasm
-cell membrane
-ribosomes
-mitochondria
Give 3 sub cellular structures that are found in plant cells but not in animal plants? -
(ANSWERS)-cell wall
-chloroplasts
-permanent vacuole
What the function of the nucleus ? - (ANSWERS)contains genetic material
Function of cell membrane - (ANSWERS)regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Function of mitochondria - (ANSWERS)cellular respiration
Function of chloroplast - (ANSWERS)contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for
photosyntheis
Cell wall function? - (ANSWERS)provides support and protection
Function of plasmids in bacteria cell? - (ANSWERS)contains extra genetic material that can
help the bacteria cell survive
,GCSE AQA Biology Higher 2025| COMPLETE EXAM SET
(questions and verified answers)frequently most tested
questions | already passed!!
!@#$%%%%%
What are plant cell walls made of? - (ANSWERS)cellulose %%%%%%
What is a plant cells permanent vacuole filled will? - (ANSWERS)cell sap
Give 2 differences between electron microscopes and light microscopes? -
(ANSWERS)electron microscopes have a much higher magnification and a much higher
resolution than light microscopes
What formula is used to calculate magnification of an image? - (ANSWERS)magnification =
imagine size /real size
Give a brief method for using a light microscope to look at a prepared slide - (ANSWERS)using
a light microscope to look at a prepared slide
1)put the slide on the stage
2)select the lowest power lens
3)use the coarse adjustment knob to roughly focus the slide
4)use the fine adjustment(fa)knob to clearly focus the slide
5)switch to a higher power lens to increase magnification and refocus with the fa knob
Give 3 things to remember when drawing cells observed through a light microscope ? -
(ANSWERS)-use a pencil
-label the main structures
-include the magnification used
What happens when cells differentiate? - (ANSWERS)when cells differentiate they develop
different sub-cellular structures that make them carry out certain functions
How are animal cells different to plant cells in their ability to differentiate? - (ANSWERS)most
animal cells differentiate early in development and can't differentiate again
Many plant cells can differentiate whenever they need to
Give 3 ways that a sperm cell is specialised to do its job - (ANSWERS)function:to get dna into
egg cell
-tail for swimming
-lots of mitochondria to provide energy
-enzymes in head to digest egg cell membrane
Give 2 ways that a nerve cell is specialised to do its job - (ANSWERS)function:carries messages
around the body at high speed
,GCSE AQA Biology Higher 2025| COMPLETE EXAM SET
(questions and verified answers)frequently most tested
questions | already passed!!
-fatty sheath speeds up message transport !@#$%%%%%
-long so it can carry messages over a distance %%%%%%
How is a plant root cell specialised to do its job? - (ANSWERS)function:helps a plant absorb
water and minerals from soil.
-a long and thin extension gives a larger surface area for absorption
Give 2 ways that muscle cells are specialised to do their jobs? - (ANSWERS)function:creates
movement by contracting and relaxing
-long protein strands that can slide over each other ti shorten/lengthen the cell
-lots of mitochondria to generate energy
How are xylem cells specialised? - (ANSWERS)function:xylem cells form tubes that transport
ester and minerals through the plant.
*they're dead cells with holes at either end-water and minerals can just flow right through them
How are phloem cells specialised? - (ANSWERS)function:transport dissolved sugars in a plant.
-few sub cellular structures so sugars flow through easily
-pores in end walls to let sugars through
Where are chromosomes found? - (ANSWERS)nucleus
What are chromosomes made up of? - (ANSWERS)long lengths of dna
How many chromosomes are there in the total human body? - (ANSWERS)there are 46 in a
human body cell
How many pairs of chromosomes are there in the human body cell? - (ANSWERS)there are 23
pairs of chromosomes in a human body cell
Why is the cell cycle important? - (ANSWERS)because it creates new cells which allows
organisms to grow and develop
What are the three stages of the cell cycle? - (ANSWERS)1)growth
2)mitosis
3)division
What happens during the growth stage of the cell cycle? - (ANSWERS)-extra sub cellular
structures are made
-the dna of each chromosome is duplicated
, GCSE AQA Biology Higher 2025| COMPLETE EXAM SET
(questions and verified answers)frequently most tested
questions | already passed!!
What happens during mitosis in the cell cycle? - (ANSWERS)-chromosomes are pulled apart to
!@#$%%%%%
opposite ends of the cell %%%%%%
-nucleus from around each set of chromsomes
What happens during division stage of the cell cycle? - (ANSWERS)-the cytoplasm and cell
membrane split into two
-two cells form that are genetically identical to each other and the original cell
What is a stem cell? - (ANSWERS)an undifferentiated cell that can divide to make more stem
cells or differentiate into certain types of cells
Whats the difference between stem cells from human embryos and stem cells from adults? -
(ANSWERS)human embryos can differentiate into most types of cells.
Stem cells from adults can only differentiate into certain cell types
Give 2 conditions stem cells could treat - (ANSWERS)-diabetes
-paralysis
Describe how therapeutic cloning works? - (ANSWERS)tc is a treatment where an embryo is
made with the same genes as a patient.
Stem cells from the embryo are used to treat the patient-the stem cells aren't rejected because
they are genetically identical to the patients other cells.
Give a risk of using stem cells to treat illnesses - (ANSWERS)-stem cells can become infected
with viruses
Using infected stem cells to teat a patient risks transferring a viral infection to the patients
Why do some people object to the use of stem cells from human embryos? - (ANSWERS)human
embryos are destroyed when stem cells are collected from them.
As embryos could become human beings, some people believe destroying embryos is like
killing a human being.
Where are stem cells found in plants? - (ANSWERS)meristems in roots and stems
When during a plant's life can its stem cells differentiate? - (ANSWERS)they can differentiate
right throughout the plants life
