NUR 2030 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
A patient is admitted for treatment of Cushing's syndrome. The nurse correlates this
disease process to which alteration in endocrine function?
A. Decreased glucocorticoid level
B. Elevated aldosterone secretion
C. Decreased aldosterone secretion
D. Elevated glucocorticoid level - Answers :D. Elevated glucocorticoid level
A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a subtotal
thyroidectomy. The client reports a tingling sensation in the hands, the soles of the feel,
and around the lips. For which of the following findings should the nurse assess the
client?
A. Chvostek's sign
B. Brudzinski's sign
C. Babinski's sign
D. Kernig's sign - Answers :A. Chvostek's sign
A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted for elective surgery and has a history of
Addison's disease. Which of the following finds should the nurse expect?
A. Purple striations
B. Intention tremors
C. Hyperpigmentation
D. Hirsutism - Answers :C. Hyperpigmentation
A client who has Type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse, Why did I develop diabetes?
Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
A. Your body is destroying the cells that secrete insulin
B. Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion
C. Your kidneys are not able to reabsorb water which leads to Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
D. An infection in your pancreas destroyed the cells that make insulin - Answers :B.
Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion
A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes Insipidus. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Dehydration
C. Polyphagia
D. Bradycardia - Answers :B. Dehydration
,A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings
is a manifestation of hypoglycemia?
A. Fruity odor on the client's breath
B. Cool, clammy skin
C. Vomiting
D. Bradycardia - Answers :B. Cool, clammy skin
Which client receiving levothyroxine (Synthroid) requires close monitoring of vital signs
during medication titration?
A. The client with a history of cardiovascular disease
B. The client with a history of depression
C. The client with a history of anxiety
D. The client with a history of inflammatory bowel disease - Answers :A. The client with
a history of cardiovascular disease
A nurse administers desmopressin (DDAVP) to a client who has a diagnosis of diabetes
insipidus. The nurse recognizes that which of the following laboraty findings indicate a
therapeutic effect of the medication?
A. Serum sodium 146 mEq/L (Range 135-145 mEq/L)
B. Urine specific gravity 1.014 (Range: 1.005-1.030)
C. Blood glucose 80 mg/dL (Range: 70-110 mg/dL)
D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 15 mg/dL )Range: 6 - 24 mg/dL) - Answers :B. Urine
specific gravity 1.015 (Range: 1.005 - 1.030)
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following
manifestations should the nurse expect?
A. Cheyne-Stokes breathing
B. Acetone odor to breath
C. Malignant hypertension
D. Blood glucose level below 40 mg/dL - Answers :B. Acetone odor to breath
A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the
client to report which of the following manifestations?
A. Constipation
B. Weight gain of 4.5 kg (10 lb) in 3 weeks
C. Frequent mood changes
D. Sensitivity to cold - Answers :C. Frequent mood changes
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse expect to perform? Select all that apply.
,A. Assess for neck vein distention
B. Weigh the client daily
C. Monitor for postural hypotension
D. Access blood glucose level
E. Monitor for an irregular heart rate - Answers :A. Assess for neck vein distention
B. Weigh the client daily
D. Assess blood glucose level
A nurse is reviewing guidelines to prevent DKA during periods of illness with a client
who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include in the teaching?
A. Test your blood glucose level every 8 hours
B. Check your urine for ketones
C. Withhold your usual daily dose of insulin
D. Drink 240 to 360 milliliters of calorie-free liquids every 8 hours - Answers :B. Check
your urine for ketones
The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestations in the patient diagnosed with
pheochromocytoma? Select all that apply.
A. Dry skin
B. Palpitations
C. Hypertension
D. Chest pain
E. Weight gain - Answers :B. Palpitations
C. Hypertension
D. Chest pain
A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of
the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. I'll wear sandals in warm weather
B. I'll soak my feet in cool water every night before I go to bed.
C. I'll put lotion between my toes after drying my feet
D. I'll check my feet every day for sores and bruises - Answers :D. I'll check my feet
every day for sores and bruises.
A nurse is working for a home health agency is teaching a client who has diabetes
mellitus about disease management. Which of the following glycosylated hemoglobin
(HbA1c) values should the nurse include in the teaching as an indicator that the client is
appropriately controlling his glucose levels? (Normal range: less than 5.7% in non-
diabetic, less than 7% in diabetic)
A. 6.3%
B. 8.5%
, C. 10%
D. 7.8% - Answers :A. 6.3%
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis
(DKA) and a blood glucose level of 725 mg/dL. The nurse should anticipate which of the
following prescriptions from the provider?
A. Oral hypoglycemic medications
B. Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride
C. 0.9% sodium chloride IV bolus
D. Glucocorticoid medications - Answers :C. 0.9% sodium chloride IV bolus
A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has primary
hypothyroidism. The nurse should anticipate an elevation of which of the following
laboratory values?
A. Serum T3
B. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
C. Serum T4
D. Free T4 - Answers :B. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
The nurse recognizes that the patient with dysfunction of the posterior pituitary gland is
at risk for which disorder?
A. Diabetes insipidus
B. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
C. Acromegaly
D. Osteoporosis - Answers :A. Diabetes insipidus
A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about exercise. Which of
the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Examine your feet weekly
B. Do not exercise if ketones are present in your urine
C. Perform vigorous exercise when blood glucose is less than 100 mg
D. Avoid eating for 2 hours before exercise - Answers :B. Do not exercise if ketones are
present in your urine.
A client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is experiencing a
headache and confusion. The nurse correlates which laboratory result to this clinical
presentation of SIADH?
A. Calcium 8.7 mEq/L (Range: 8.5 - 10.2 mEq/L)
B. Sodium 125 mEq/L (Range: 135-145 mEq/L)
C. Hematocrit 40% (Range: 37-52%)
A patient is admitted for treatment of Cushing's syndrome. The nurse correlates this
disease process to which alteration in endocrine function?
A. Decreased glucocorticoid level
B. Elevated aldosterone secretion
C. Decreased aldosterone secretion
D. Elevated glucocorticoid level - Answers :D. Elevated glucocorticoid level
A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a subtotal
thyroidectomy. The client reports a tingling sensation in the hands, the soles of the feel,
and around the lips. For which of the following findings should the nurse assess the
client?
A. Chvostek's sign
B. Brudzinski's sign
C. Babinski's sign
D. Kernig's sign - Answers :A. Chvostek's sign
A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted for elective surgery and has a history of
Addison's disease. Which of the following finds should the nurse expect?
A. Purple striations
B. Intention tremors
C. Hyperpigmentation
D. Hirsutism - Answers :C. Hyperpigmentation
A client who has Type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse, Why did I develop diabetes?
Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
A. Your body is destroying the cells that secrete insulin
B. Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion
C. Your kidneys are not able to reabsorb water which leads to Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
D. An infection in your pancreas destroyed the cells that make insulin - Answers :B.
Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion
A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes Insipidus. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Dehydration
C. Polyphagia
D. Bradycardia - Answers :B. Dehydration
,A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings
is a manifestation of hypoglycemia?
A. Fruity odor on the client's breath
B. Cool, clammy skin
C. Vomiting
D. Bradycardia - Answers :B. Cool, clammy skin
Which client receiving levothyroxine (Synthroid) requires close monitoring of vital signs
during medication titration?
A. The client with a history of cardiovascular disease
B. The client with a history of depression
C. The client with a history of anxiety
D. The client with a history of inflammatory bowel disease - Answers :A. The client with
a history of cardiovascular disease
A nurse administers desmopressin (DDAVP) to a client who has a diagnosis of diabetes
insipidus. The nurse recognizes that which of the following laboraty findings indicate a
therapeutic effect of the medication?
A. Serum sodium 146 mEq/L (Range 135-145 mEq/L)
B. Urine specific gravity 1.014 (Range: 1.005-1.030)
C. Blood glucose 80 mg/dL (Range: 70-110 mg/dL)
D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 15 mg/dL )Range: 6 - 24 mg/dL) - Answers :B. Urine
specific gravity 1.015 (Range: 1.005 - 1.030)
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following
manifestations should the nurse expect?
A. Cheyne-Stokes breathing
B. Acetone odor to breath
C. Malignant hypertension
D. Blood glucose level below 40 mg/dL - Answers :B. Acetone odor to breath
A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the
client to report which of the following manifestations?
A. Constipation
B. Weight gain of 4.5 kg (10 lb) in 3 weeks
C. Frequent mood changes
D. Sensitivity to cold - Answers :C. Frequent mood changes
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse expect to perform? Select all that apply.
,A. Assess for neck vein distention
B. Weigh the client daily
C. Monitor for postural hypotension
D. Access blood glucose level
E. Monitor for an irregular heart rate - Answers :A. Assess for neck vein distention
B. Weigh the client daily
D. Assess blood glucose level
A nurse is reviewing guidelines to prevent DKA during periods of illness with a client
who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include in the teaching?
A. Test your blood glucose level every 8 hours
B. Check your urine for ketones
C. Withhold your usual daily dose of insulin
D. Drink 240 to 360 milliliters of calorie-free liquids every 8 hours - Answers :B. Check
your urine for ketones
The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestations in the patient diagnosed with
pheochromocytoma? Select all that apply.
A. Dry skin
B. Palpitations
C. Hypertension
D. Chest pain
E. Weight gain - Answers :B. Palpitations
C. Hypertension
D. Chest pain
A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of
the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. I'll wear sandals in warm weather
B. I'll soak my feet in cool water every night before I go to bed.
C. I'll put lotion between my toes after drying my feet
D. I'll check my feet every day for sores and bruises - Answers :D. I'll check my feet
every day for sores and bruises.
A nurse is working for a home health agency is teaching a client who has diabetes
mellitus about disease management. Which of the following glycosylated hemoglobin
(HbA1c) values should the nurse include in the teaching as an indicator that the client is
appropriately controlling his glucose levels? (Normal range: less than 5.7% in non-
diabetic, less than 7% in diabetic)
A. 6.3%
B. 8.5%
, C. 10%
D. 7.8% - Answers :A. 6.3%
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis
(DKA) and a blood glucose level of 725 mg/dL. The nurse should anticipate which of the
following prescriptions from the provider?
A. Oral hypoglycemic medications
B. Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride
C. 0.9% sodium chloride IV bolus
D. Glucocorticoid medications - Answers :C. 0.9% sodium chloride IV bolus
A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has primary
hypothyroidism. The nurse should anticipate an elevation of which of the following
laboratory values?
A. Serum T3
B. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
C. Serum T4
D. Free T4 - Answers :B. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
The nurse recognizes that the patient with dysfunction of the posterior pituitary gland is
at risk for which disorder?
A. Diabetes insipidus
B. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
C. Acromegaly
D. Osteoporosis - Answers :A. Diabetes insipidus
A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about exercise. Which of
the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Examine your feet weekly
B. Do not exercise if ketones are present in your urine
C. Perform vigorous exercise when blood glucose is less than 100 mg
D. Avoid eating for 2 hours before exercise - Answers :B. Do not exercise if ketones are
present in your urine.
A client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is experiencing a
headache and confusion. The nurse correlates which laboratory result to this clinical
presentation of SIADH?
A. Calcium 8.7 mEq/L (Range: 8.5 - 10.2 mEq/L)
B. Sodium 125 mEq/L (Range: 135-145 mEq/L)
C. Hematocrit 40% (Range: 37-52%)
