HESI Fundamentals Practice Exam 74 Questions
& Answers!! New Update 2025
1. The nurse is preparing to give a client dehydration IV fluids delivered at a
continuous rate of 175 ml/hour. Which infusion device should the nurse use?
A.) Portable syringe pump.
B.) Cassette infusion pump.
C.) Volumetric controller.
D.) Nonvolumetric controller.: B
Rationale: A cassette pump (B) should be used to accurately deliver large volumes
of fluid over longer periods of time with extreme precision, such as ml/hour. A syringe
pump (A) is accurate for low-dose continuous infusion of low-dose medication at a
basal rate, but not large fluid volume replacement. Volumetric (C) and nonvolumetric
(D) controllers count drops/minute to administer fluid volume and are inherently
inaccurate because of variation in drop size.
2. How should the nurse handle linens that are soiled with incontinent feces?
A.) Put the soiled linens in an isolation bag, then place it in the dirty linen
hamper.
B.) Place an isolation hamper in the client's room and discard the linens in it.
C.) Place the soiled linens in a pillow case and deposit them in the dirty linen
hamper.
D.) Ask the housekeeping staff to pick up the soiled linen from the dirty utility
room.: C
Rationale: The nurse should be careful to keep the soiled linens from contaminating
the fresh linens, and should handle the soiled linens like any other dirty linen (C).
(A, B, and D) are not indicated.
3. A low-sodium, low-protein diet is prescribed for a 45-year-old client with
renal insufficiency and hypertension, who gained 3 pounds in the last month.
The nurse determines that the client has been noncompliant with the diet,
based on which report from the 24-hour dietary recall? (Select all that apply.)
A.) Snack of potato chips, and diet soda.
B.) Lunch of tuna fish sandwich, carrot sticks, fresh fruit, and coffee.
,C.) Breakfast of eggs, bacon, toast, and coffee.
D.) Dinner of vegetable lasagna, tossed salad, sherbet, and iced tea.
E.) Bedtime snack of crackers and milk.: A, B, C, E
Rationale: Potato chips (A) are high in sodium. Tuna (B) is high in protein. Bacon (C)
and crackers (E) are high in sodium. Only (D) is a meal that is in compliance with a
low sodium, low protein diet.
4. A female nurse who sometimes tries to save time by putting medications in
her uniform pocket to deliver to clients, confides that after arriving home she
found a hydrocodone (Vicodin) tablet in her pocket. Which possible outcome
of this situation should be the nurse's greatest concern?
A.) Accused of diversion.
B.) Reported for stealing.
C.) Reported for a HIPAA violation.
D.) Accused of unprofessional conduct.: A
Rationale: Even if this is only one incident, the nurse may be suspected of taking
medications on a regular basis and the incident could be interpreted as diversion (A),
or diverting narcotics for her own use, which should be reported to the peer review
committee and to the State Board of Nursing. (B, C, and D) are also of concern, but
(A) is the most serious possible outcome.
5. A male client has a nursing diagnosis of "spiritual distress." What interven-
tion is best for the nurse to implement when caring for this client?
A.) Use distraction techniques during times of spiritual stress and crisis.
B.) Reassure the client that his faith will be regained with time and support.
C.) Consult with the staff chaplain and ask that the chaplain visit with the
client.
D.) Use reflective listening techniques when the client expresses spiritual
doubts.: D
Rationale: The most beneficial nursing intervention is to use nonjudgmental re-
flective listening techniques, to allow the client to feel comfortable expressing his
concerns (D). (A and B) are not therapeutic. The client should be consulted before
implementing (C).
6. The nurse removes the dressing on a client's heel that is covering a pres-
, sure sore one-inch in diameter and finds that there is straw-colored drainage
seeping from the wound. What description of this finding should the nurse
include in the client's record?
A.) Stage 1 pressure sore draining sero-sanguineous drainage.
B.) Pressure sore at bony prominence with exudate noted.
C.) One-inch pressure sore draining serous fluid.
D.) Pressure sore on heel with a small amount of purulent drainage.: C
& Answers!! New Update 2025
1. The nurse is preparing to give a client dehydration IV fluids delivered at a
continuous rate of 175 ml/hour. Which infusion device should the nurse use?
A.) Portable syringe pump.
B.) Cassette infusion pump.
C.) Volumetric controller.
D.) Nonvolumetric controller.: B
Rationale: A cassette pump (B) should be used to accurately deliver large volumes
of fluid over longer periods of time with extreme precision, such as ml/hour. A syringe
pump (A) is accurate for low-dose continuous infusion of low-dose medication at a
basal rate, but not large fluid volume replacement. Volumetric (C) and nonvolumetric
(D) controllers count drops/minute to administer fluid volume and are inherently
inaccurate because of variation in drop size.
2. How should the nurse handle linens that are soiled with incontinent feces?
A.) Put the soiled linens in an isolation bag, then place it in the dirty linen
hamper.
B.) Place an isolation hamper in the client's room and discard the linens in it.
C.) Place the soiled linens in a pillow case and deposit them in the dirty linen
hamper.
D.) Ask the housekeeping staff to pick up the soiled linen from the dirty utility
room.: C
Rationale: The nurse should be careful to keep the soiled linens from contaminating
the fresh linens, and should handle the soiled linens like any other dirty linen (C).
(A, B, and D) are not indicated.
3. A low-sodium, low-protein diet is prescribed for a 45-year-old client with
renal insufficiency and hypertension, who gained 3 pounds in the last month.
The nurse determines that the client has been noncompliant with the diet,
based on which report from the 24-hour dietary recall? (Select all that apply.)
A.) Snack of potato chips, and diet soda.
B.) Lunch of tuna fish sandwich, carrot sticks, fresh fruit, and coffee.
,C.) Breakfast of eggs, bacon, toast, and coffee.
D.) Dinner of vegetable lasagna, tossed salad, sherbet, and iced tea.
E.) Bedtime snack of crackers and milk.: A, B, C, E
Rationale: Potato chips (A) are high in sodium. Tuna (B) is high in protein. Bacon (C)
and crackers (E) are high in sodium. Only (D) is a meal that is in compliance with a
low sodium, low protein diet.
4. A female nurse who sometimes tries to save time by putting medications in
her uniform pocket to deliver to clients, confides that after arriving home she
found a hydrocodone (Vicodin) tablet in her pocket. Which possible outcome
of this situation should be the nurse's greatest concern?
A.) Accused of diversion.
B.) Reported for stealing.
C.) Reported for a HIPAA violation.
D.) Accused of unprofessional conduct.: A
Rationale: Even if this is only one incident, the nurse may be suspected of taking
medications on a regular basis and the incident could be interpreted as diversion (A),
or diverting narcotics for her own use, which should be reported to the peer review
committee and to the State Board of Nursing. (B, C, and D) are also of concern, but
(A) is the most serious possible outcome.
5. A male client has a nursing diagnosis of "spiritual distress." What interven-
tion is best for the nurse to implement when caring for this client?
A.) Use distraction techniques during times of spiritual stress and crisis.
B.) Reassure the client that his faith will be regained with time and support.
C.) Consult with the staff chaplain and ask that the chaplain visit with the
client.
D.) Use reflective listening techniques when the client expresses spiritual
doubts.: D
Rationale: The most beneficial nursing intervention is to use nonjudgmental re-
flective listening techniques, to allow the client to feel comfortable expressing his
concerns (D). (A and B) are not therapeutic. The client should be consulted before
implementing (C).
6. The nurse removes the dressing on a client's heel that is covering a pres-
, sure sore one-inch in diameter and finds that there is straw-colored drainage
seeping from the wound. What description of this finding should the nurse
include in the client's record?
A.) Stage 1 pressure sore draining sero-sanguineous drainage.
B.) Pressure sore at bony prominence with exudate noted.
C.) One-inch pressure sore draining serous fluid.
D.) Pressure sore on heel with a small amount of purulent drainage.: C
