Bio 100 Unit 4 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER - Sugars and large molecules made from sugars.
Key for dietary energy in animals and structural component of plants. Names end in -ose.
Monomers:Monosaccharides (building blocks)
Polymers:Polysaccharides
lipids - CORRECT ANSWER - Fats and all lipids are hydrophobic. They make up
yourcellular membranes (phospholipids bilayer) andintegrated in your membranes as
cholesterol.● Cholesterol: maintain fluidity in animal cellmembranes● Phospholipids:
hydrophilic head (water-loving)phosphate group + 2 hydrophobic tails● Triglycerides● Steroid
hormones
proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - Carry out key functions in life. There are 20different
kinds of amino acids that are arranged in a specific order within a protein. Protein structure
determines its function. Monomers: Amino Acids (building blocks)joined together by peptide
bonds to make =Polymers: Polypeptides
nucleic acid - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA → hereditary material● RNA → helps create
proteins
Monomers: Nucleotides (building blocks)
Polymers: Polynucleotides
cellulose - CORRECT ANSWER - large, complex carbohydrate that forms much of the
structure of a plant
glucose - CORRECT ANSWER - a sugar (a simple carbohydrate) that acts as an energy
source for all living cells
coconut oil - CORRECT ANSWER - a lipid that is rich in fat and serves as an important
dietary staple in much of the tropical world.
, Differentiate between the different types of carbohydrates (mono-, di-, and polysaccharide;
simple and complex carbohydrates) - CORRECT ANSWER - - Monosaccharides are
individual saccharide molecules are simple sugar molecules
- Glucose and fructose are examples
- Disaccharides are two saccharides only
- Glucose and fructose combined are sucrose
- Glucose and galactose combined are lactose
- Polysaccharides are more than one saccharides
- Di and Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates
hexokinase - CORRECT ANSWER - an protein/enzyme that helps drive a chemical
reaction, found in most living cells
keratin - CORRECT ANSWER - a structural protein found in hair, nails, and skin
DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - nucleic acid that serves as the hereditary material of all
life on earth
RNA - CORRECT ANSWER - nucleic acid that acts as a messenger between DNA and
other parts of the cell
Define the difference between Active Processes and Passive Processes of membrane transport -
CORRECT ANSWER - Active Transport: Moves substances from an area of low
concentration to an area of high concentration, against the concentration gradient, requires ATP
Passive Transport: Moves substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low
concentration, following the concentration gradient, does not require ATP
Describe and give examples of the differences between Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy, and
Thermal Energy - CORRECT ANSWER - - Kinetic Energy: energy in motion; ex. a ball
rolling down a hill
Questions and CORRECT Answers
carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER - Sugars and large molecules made from sugars.
Key for dietary energy in animals and structural component of plants. Names end in -ose.
Monomers:Monosaccharides (building blocks)
Polymers:Polysaccharides
lipids - CORRECT ANSWER - Fats and all lipids are hydrophobic. They make up
yourcellular membranes (phospholipids bilayer) andintegrated in your membranes as
cholesterol.● Cholesterol: maintain fluidity in animal cellmembranes● Phospholipids:
hydrophilic head (water-loving)phosphate group + 2 hydrophobic tails● Triglycerides● Steroid
hormones
proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - Carry out key functions in life. There are 20different
kinds of amino acids that are arranged in a specific order within a protein. Protein structure
determines its function. Monomers: Amino Acids (building blocks)joined together by peptide
bonds to make =Polymers: Polypeptides
nucleic acid - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA → hereditary material● RNA → helps create
proteins
Monomers: Nucleotides (building blocks)
Polymers: Polynucleotides
cellulose - CORRECT ANSWER - large, complex carbohydrate that forms much of the
structure of a plant
glucose - CORRECT ANSWER - a sugar (a simple carbohydrate) that acts as an energy
source for all living cells
coconut oil - CORRECT ANSWER - a lipid that is rich in fat and serves as an important
dietary staple in much of the tropical world.
, Differentiate between the different types of carbohydrates (mono-, di-, and polysaccharide;
simple and complex carbohydrates) - CORRECT ANSWER - - Monosaccharides are
individual saccharide molecules are simple sugar molecules
- Glucose and fructose are examples
- Disaccharides are two saccharides only
- Glucose and fructose combined are sucrose
- Glucose and galactose combined are lactose
- Polysaccharides are more than one saccharides
- Di and Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates
hexokinase - CORRECT ANSWER - an protein/enzyme that helps drive a chemical
reaction, found in most living cells
keratin - CORRECT ANSWER - a structural protein found in hair, nails, and skin
DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - nucleic acid that serves as the hereditary material of all
life on earth
RNA - CORRECT ANSWER - nucleic acid that acts as a messenger between DNA and
other parts of the cell
Define the difference between Active Processes and Passive Processes of membrane transport -
CORRECT ANSWER - Active Transport: Moves substances from an area of low
concentration to an area of high concentration, against the concentration gradient, requires ATP
Passive Transport: Moves substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low
concentration, following the concentration gradient, does not require ATP
Describe and give examples of the differences between Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy, and
Thermal Energy - CORRECT ANSWER - - Kinetic Energy: energy in motion; ex. a ball
rolling down a hill
