Gastrointestinal Physiology

LS4004 HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY



CHAPTER 7 GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY

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,Q&As​ 3
EXAM NOTES​ 21
Importance in Human Physiology:​ 21
Primary GI Tract Organ​ 21
1. Mouth​ 21
2. Pharynx and Esophagus​ 22
3. Stomach​ 22
4. Small Intestine​ 22




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5. Large Intestine (Colon)​ 23
6. Rectum and Anus​ 23




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Accessory Organs​ 23
1. Salivary Glands (Parotid, Submandibular, Sublingual)​ 23
2. Liver​ 23




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3. Gallbladder​ 23
4. Pancreas​ 24



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Summary Diagram (Conceptual Overview):​ 24
1. Small Intestine​ 24
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2. Mesentery​ 25
Exocrine Pancreas:​ 26
Gallbladder:​ 26
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Bile Functions:​ 26
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Gallstones:​ 26
Villi & Microvilli:​ 26
Intestinal Crypts (Crypts of Lieberkühn):​ 27
Absorption Mechanisms:​ 27
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Enteric Nervous System​ 29
Brain-Gut Axis​ 29
Mechanical & Chemical Digestion​ 30
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Divisions​ 31
Gastric Emptying​ 31
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Secretions​ 31
Diagnosis of H. pylori​ 32
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Treatment​ 32
MCQs​ 33
EXAM QUESTIONS​ 38
Essay Question 1:​ 38
Model Answer:​ 38
Essay Question 2:​ 40
Model Answer:​ 40
Model Answer:​ 41
Structure:​ 41
Functions:​ 41


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