lOMoARcPSD|7293922
ATI Fundamentals
Proctored Exam |
Questions and Answers
Complete with Rationales
2024/2025. A+ Graded
, lOMoARcPSD|7293922
1. A registered nurse is planning to collect a stool specimen for ova and parasites from a
client who has diarrhea. Which of the following actions should the registered nurse take when
collecting the specimen?
A. Instruct the client to defecate into the toilet bowl
-incorrect: The registered nurse should have the client defecate into a bedpan or a container for
stool collection. The toilet water can dilute and contaminate the liquid specimen.
B. Transfer the specimen to a sterile container
-incorrect: The registered nurse should place the stool specimen in a clean container using a
tongue depressor.
C. Refrigerate the collected specimen
-incorrect: The registered nurse should send the collected stool specimen immediately to the
laboratory after labeling the specimen properly to prevent contamination with microorganisms
and keep the specimen from getting cold.
D. Place the stool specimen collection container in a biohazard bag
-The registered nurse should place the specimen collection container in a biohazard bag with the
client label on the container and the bag for easy identification. This will also prevent
contamination with microorganisms.
2. A registered nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and requires suctioning.
Which of the following actions should the registered nurse take?
A. Hyper oxygenate the client before suctioning
-The registered nurse should use a manual resuscitation bag to hyper oxygenate the client for
several minutes prior to suctioning.
B. Insert the catheter during exhalation
-incorrect: The registered nurse should insert the catheter during inhalation
C. Apply suction during insertion of the catheter
-incorrect: Applying suction while inserting the catheter increases the risk of damage to the
tracheal mucosa and removes oxygen from the airways.
D. Apply suction for no more than 15 secs
-incorrect: The registered nurse should apply suction for no more than 10 seconds
3. A registered nurse is providing teaching to a client regarding protein intake. Which of the
following foods should the registered nurse include as an example of an incomplete
protein?
A. Eggs
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for the
synthesis of protein in the body.
B. Soybeans
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for the
synthesis of protein in the body.
, lOMoARcPSD|7293922
C. Lentils
-Incomplete proteins are missing 1 or more of the essential amino acids necessary for the
synthesis of protein in the body. Examples of incomplete proteins include lentils, vegetables,
grains, nuts, and seeds.
D. Yogurt
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for the
synthesis of protein in the body.
4. A registered nurse is caring for a client who was admitted to a long-term care facility for
rehabilitation after a total hip arthroplasty. At which of the following times should the
registered nurse begin discharge planning?
A. One week prior to the client’s discharge
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge a week prior to the event might not allow
sufficient time for planning. The registered nurse should begin discharge planning at the time of
admission.
B. Upon the client’s admission to the care facility
-The registered nurse should begin discharge planning at the time that the client is admitted to the
facility.
C. Once the discharge date is identified
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge once the discharge date is identified might
not allow sufficient time for planning. The registered nurse should begin discharge planning at
the time of admission.
D. When the client addresses the topic with the registered nurse
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge once the discharge date is identified might
not allow sufficient time for planning. The registered nurse should begin discharge planning at
the time of admission.
5. A registered nurse is preparing to administer a cleansing enema to a client. Which of the
following actions should the registered nurse plan to take?
A. Insert the rectal tube 15.2 cm (6 in)
-incorrect: The registered nurse should insert the rectal tube 7 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in)
B. Wear sterile gloves to insert the tubing
-incorrect: The registered nurse should wear clean (nonsterile) gloves to prevent contamination.
C. Position the client on his left side
-Positioning is an important aspect of administering an enema. Having the client lie on his left
side facilitates the flow of the enema solution into the sigmoid and descending colon.
D. Hold the solution bag 91 cm (36 inch) above the client’s rectum
-incorrect: The registered nurse should hold the solution bag 30 cm (12 in) above the client’s
rectum for a low enema and 45 cm (18 in) for a high enema. If the registered nurse holds the
solution bag too high, the solution might run in too fast, causing discomfort and spasms that
make retaining the enema more difficult.
5. A registered nurse is caring for a client who has bilateral cats on her hands. Which of the
following actions should the registered nurse take when assisting the client with feeding?
A. Sit at the bedside when feeding the client
-The registered nurse should avoid appearing to be in a hurry. Sitting at the bedside provides the
client with the registered nurse’s full attention during the feeding
, lOMoARcPSD|7293922
B. Order pureed foods
-incorrect: Without any mouth or throat injuries that make chewing or swallowing difficult, the
client should be served foods of an appropriate variety of textures. Pureed foods are for clients
who cannot chew, have difficulty swallowing, or do not have teeth.
C. Make sure feedings are provided at room temperature
-incorrect: The registered nurse should ask the client if the food is the correct temperature
D. Offer the client a drink of fluid after every bite
-incorrect: If the client is unable to communicate, the registered nurse should offer the client fluids
after every 3 or 4 mouthfuls. However, there is no indication that this client is unable to
communicate. Therefore, the client should tell the registered nurse when she would like a drink.
6. A registered nurse is administering an IM injection to a 5-month-old infant. Which of the
following injection sites should the registered nurse use?
A. Deltoid
-incorrect: The registered nurse can use the deltoid muscle for injecting small volumes of
medication for children 18 months of age or older, but its proximity to several nerves and
arteries make it a riskier choice.
B. Ventrogluteal
-incorrect: This is a safe site for IM injections for clients older than 7 months.
C. Vastus lateralis
-The registered nurse should use the vastus lateralis site over the anterior thigh for IM injections
for infants and children.
D. Dorsogluteal
-incorrect: This site is unsafe to use because of its proximity to the sciatic nerve and the superior
gluteal nerve and artery.
7. A registered nurse is caring for a client who has major fecal incontinence and reports
irritation in the perianal area. Which of the following actions should the registered nurse
take first?
A. Apply a fecal collection system
-incorrect: The registered nurse should apply a fecal collection system to divert the feces away
from the area of skin irritation; however, there is another action the registered nurse should take
first.
B. Apply a barrier cream
-incorrect: The registered nurse should apply a barrier cream to decrease skin breakdown in the
perianal area from the feces; however, there is another action the registered nurse should take
first.
C. Cleanse and dry the area
-incorrect: The registered nurse should cleanse and dry the perianal area to decrease skin
irritation; however, there is another action the registered nurse should take first.
D. Check the client’s perineum
-The registered nurse should apply the nursing process priority-setting framework to plan care
and prioritize nursing actions. Each step of the nursing process builds on the previous step,
beginning with an assessment or data collection. Before the registered nurse can formulate a plan
of action, implement a nursing intervention, or notify a provider of a change in the client’s
status, the registered nurse must first collect adequate data from the client. Assessing or
collecting additional data will provide the registered nurse with knowledge to make an
appropriate decision. The priority nursing action is for the registered nurse to collect more data
by assessing the area of irritation.
ATI Fundamentals
Proctored Exam |
Questions and Answers
Complete with Rationales
2024/2025. A+ Graded
, lOMoARcPSD|7293922
1. A registered nurse is planning to collect a stool specimen for ova and parasites from a
client who has diarrhea. Which of the following actions should the registered nurse take when
collecting the specimen?
A. Instruct the client to defecate into the toilet bowl
-incorrect: The registered nurse should have the client defecate into a bedpan or a container for
stool collection. The toilet water can dilute and contaminate the liquid specimen.
B. Transfer the specimen to a sterile container
-incorrect: The registered nurse should place the stool specimen in a clean container using a
tongue depressor.
C. Refrigerate the collected specimen
-incorrect: The registered nurse should send the collected stool specimen immediately to the
laboratory after labeling the specimen properly to prevent contamination with microorganisms
and keep the specimen from getting cold.
D. Place the stool specimen collection container in a biohazard bag
-The registered nurse should place the specimen collection container in a biohazard bag with the
client label on the container and the bag for easy identification. This will also prevent
contamination with microorganisms.
2. A registered nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and requires suctioning.
Which of the following actions should the registered nurse take?
A. Hyper oxygenate the client before suctioning
-The registered nurse should use a manual resuscitation bag to hyper oxygenate the client for
several minutes prior to suctioning.
B. Insert the catheter during exhalation
-incorrect: The registered nurse should insert the catheter during inhalation
C. Apply suction during insertion of the catheter
-incorrect: Applying suction while inserting the catheter increases the risk of damage to the
tracheal mucosa and removes oxygen from the airways.
D. Apply suction for no more than 15 secs
-incorrect: The registered nurse should apply suction for no more than 10 seconds
3. A registered nurse is providing teaching to a client regarding protein intake. Which of the
following foods should the registered nurse include as an example of an incomplete
protein?
A. Eggs
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for the
synthesis of protein in the body.
B. Soybeans
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for the
synthesis of protein in the body.
, lOMoARcPSD|7293922
C. Lentils
-Incomplete proteins are missing 1 or more of the essential amino acids necessary for the
synthesis of protein in the body. Examples of incomplete proteins include lentils, vegetables,
grains, nuts, and seeds.
D. Yogurt
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for the
synthesis of protein in the body.
4. A registered nurse is caring for a client who was admitted to a long-term care facility for
rehabilitation after a total hip arthroplasty. At which of the following times should the
registered nurse begin discharge planning?
A. One week prior to the client’s discharge
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge a week prior to the event might not allow
sufficient time for planning. The registered nurse should begin discharge planning at the time of
admission.
B. Upon the client’s admission to the care facility
-The registered nurse should begin discharge planning at the time that the client is admitted to the
facility.
C. Once the discharge date is identified
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge once the discharge date is identified might
not allow sufficient time for planning. The registered nurse should begin discharge planning at
the time of admission.
D. When the client addresses the topic with the registered nurse
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge once the discharge date is identified might
not allow sufficient time for planning. The registered nurse should begin discharge planning at
the time of admission.
5. A registered nurse is preparing to administer a cleansing enema to a client. Which of the
following actions should the registered nurse plan to take?
A. Insert the rectal tube 15.2 cm (6 in)
-incorrect: The registered nurse should insert the rectal tube 7 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in)
B. Wear sterile gloves to insert the tubing
-incorrect: The registered nurse should wear clean (nonsterile) gloves to prevent contamination.
C. Position the client on his left side
-Positioning is an important aspect of administering an enema. Having the client lie on his left
side facilitates the flow of the enema solution into the sigmoid and descending colon.
D. Hold the solution bag 91 cm (36 inch) above the client’s rectum
-incorrect: The registered nurse should hold the solution bag 30 cm (12 in) above the client’s
rectum for a low enema and 45 cm (18 in) for a high enema. If the registered nurse holds the
solution bag too high, the solution might run in too fast, causing discomfort and spasms that
make retaining the enema more difficult.
5. A registered nurse is caring for a client who has bilateral cats on her hands. Which of the
following actions should the registered nurse take when assisting the client with feeding?
A. Sit at the bedside when feeding the client
-The registered nurse should avoid appearing to be in a hurry. Sitting at the bedside provides the
client with the registered nurse’s full attention during the feeding
, lOMoARcPSD|7293922
B. Order pureed foods
-incorrect: Without any mouth or throat injuries that make chewing or swallowing difficult, the
client should be served foods of an appropriate variety of textures. Pureed foods are for clients
who cannot chew, have difficulty swallowing, or do not have teeth.
C. Make sure feedings are provided at room temperature
-incorrect: The registered nurse should ask the client if the food is the correct temperature
D. Offer the client a drink of fluid after every bite
-incorrect: If the client is unable to communicate, the registered nurse should offer the client fluids
after every 3 or 4 mouthfuls. However, there is no indication that this client is unable to
communicate. Therefore, the client should tell the registered nurse when she would like a drink.
6. A registered nurse is administering an IM injection to a 5-month-old infant. Which of the
following injection sites should the registered nurse use?
A. Deltoid
-incorrect: The registered nurse can use the deltoid muscle for injecting small volumes of
medication for children 18 months of age or older, but its proximity to several nerves and
arteries make it a riskier choice.
B. Ventrogluteal
-incorrect: This is a safe site for IM injections for clients older than 7 months.
C. Vastus lateralis
-The registered nurse should use the vastus lateralis site over the anterior thigh for IM injections
for infants and children.
D. Dorsogluteal
-incorrect: This site is unsafe to use because of its proximity to the sciatic nerve and the superior
gluteal nerve and artery.
7. A registered nurse is caring for a client who has major fecal incontinence and reports
irritation in the perianal area. Which of the following actions should the registered nurse
take first?
A. Apply a fecal collection system
-incorrect: The registered nurse should apply a fecal collection system to divert the feces away
from the area of skin irritation; however, there is another action the registered nurse should take
first.
B. Apply a barrier cream
-incorrect: The registered nurse should apply a barrier cream to decrease skin breakdown in the
perianal area from the feces; however, there is another action the registered nurse should take
first.
C. Cleanse and dry the area
-incorrect: The registered nurse should cleanse and dry the perianal area to decrease skin
irritation; however, there is another action the registered nurse should take first.
D. Check the client’s perineum
-The registered nurse should apply the nursing process priority-setting framework to plan care
and prioritize nursing actions. Each step of the nursing process builds on the previous step,
beginning with an assessment or data collection. Before the registered nurse can formulate a plan
of action, implement a nursing intervention, or notify a provider of a change in the client’s
status, the registered nurse must first collect adequate data from the client. Assessing or
collecting additional data will provide the registered nurse with knowledge to make an
appropriate decision. The priority nursing action is for the registered nurse to collect more data
by assessing the area of irritation.
