HED406 Development & Evaluation of
Health Programs
Midterm Exam Review
(Questions & Solutions)
2025
©2025
,1. Which model is most widely used for both planning and evaluating
health programs by visually representing the relationship between
inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impacts?
a) SWOT Analysis
b) Logic Model
c) PEST Analysis
d) Fishbone Diagram
- ANS: b) Logic Model
- Rationale: The logic model clearly maps resources and activities to
measurable results, making it integral for both program development
and evaluation.
2. When random assignment is not feasible in evaluating a health
program, which evaluation design best approximates causal inferences?
a) Randomized Controlled Trial
b) Quasi-Experimental Design
c) Cross-Sectional Design
d) Case-Control Study
- ANS: b) Quasi-Experimental Design
- Rationale: Quasi-experimental designs allow for causal
approximation when randomization is impractical, a common scenario in
public health settings.
3. Which type of evaluation specifically examines whether a health
program is being implemented as planned?
a) Outcome Evaluation
b) Impact Evaluation
c) Process Evaluation
d) Economic Evaluation
- ANS: c) Process Evaluation
- Rationale: Process evaluation focuses on implementation fidelity,
ensuring that the program’s activities adhere to the original design.
©2025
, 4. Which framework is tailored to assess dimensions such as reach,
effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance in public
health interventions?
a) PRECEDE-PROCEED Model
b) RE-AIM Framework
c) PDSA Cycle
d) Logic Model
- ANS: b) RE-AIM Framework
- Rationale: RE-AIM is specifically developed to evaluate multiple
dimensions critical to the success and sustainability of health programs.
5. What is the primary purpose of conducting a needs assessment
during health program development?
a) To determine available resources
b) To identify gaps in health services
c) To evaluate program outcomes
d) To measure user satisfaction
- ANS: b) To identify gaps in health services
- Rationale: A needs assessment pinpoints community or population
health gaps, ensuring that program planning addresses the most pressing
issues.
6. Which economic evaluation method compares both the costs and
health outcomes of different interventions to determine best value?
a) Cost-Minimization Analysis
b) Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
c) Budget Impact Analysis
d) Process Evaluation
- ANS: b) Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
- Rationale: Cost-effectiveness analysis evaluates the cost per unit of
health outcome (e.g., life years saved), informing resource allocation
decisions.
7. The logic model typically includes inputs, activities, outputs,
©2025
Health Programs
Midterm Exam Review
(Questions & Solutions)
2025
©2025
,1. Which model is most widely used for both planning and evaluating
health programs by visually representing the relationship between
inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impacts?
a) SWOT Analysis
b) Logic Model
c) PEST Analysis
d) Fishbone Diagram
- ANS: b) Logic Model
- Rationale: The logic model clearly maps resources and activities to
measurable results, making it integral for both program development
and evaluation.
2. When random assignment is not feasible in evaluating a health
program, which evaluation design best approximates causal inferences?
a) Randomized Controlled Trial
b) Quasi-Experimental Design
c) Cross-Sectional Design
d) Case-Control Study
- ANS: b) Quasi-Experimental Design
- Rationale: Quasi-experimental designs allow for causal
approximation when randomization is impractical, a common scenario in
public health settings.
3. Which type of evaluation specifically examines whether a health
program is being implemented as planned?
a) Outcome Evaluation
b) Impact Evaluation
c) Process Evaluation
d) Economic Evaluation
- ANS: c) Process Evaluation
- Rationale: Process evaluation focuses on implementation fidelity,
ensuring that the program’s activities adhere to the original design.
©2025
, 4. Which framework is tailored to assess dimensions such as reach,
effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance in public
health interventions?
a) PRECEDE-PROCEED Model
b) RE-AIM Framework
c) PDSA Cycle
d) Logic Model
- ANS: b) RE-AIM Framework
- Rationale: RE-AIM is specifically developed to evaluate multiple
dimensions critical to the success and sustainability of health programs.
5. What is the primary purpose of conducting a needs assessment
during health program development?
a) To determine available resources
b) To identify gaps in health services
c) To evaluate program outcomes
d) To measure user satisfaction
- ANS: b) To identify gaps in health services
- Rationale: A needs assessment pinpoints community or population
health gaps, ensuring that program planning addresses the most pressing
issues.
6. Which economic evaluation method compares both the costs and
health outcomes of different interventions to determine best value?
a) Cost-Minimization Analysis
b) Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
c) Budget Impact Analysis
d) Process Evaluation
- ANS: b) Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
- Rationale: Cost-effectiveness analysis evaluates the cost per unit of
health outcome (e.g., life years saved), informing resource allocation
decisions.
7. The logic model typically includes inputs, activities, outputs,
©2025
